Identification and management of orthostatic hypotension in older and medically complex patients

Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy

Volumn 10, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 387-395

  Mader, Scott L ^a  

^a PORTLAND VA MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

adrenergic agonist; aging; fludrocortisone; hypotension; midodrine; mineralocorticoid; orthostatic hypotension; sodium chloride

Indexed keywords

ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; CLONIDINE; DESMOPRESSIN; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; FLUDROCORTISONE; FUROSEMIDE; HYDRALAZINE; METHYLDOPA; MIDODRINE; POTASSIUM CHLORIDE; SODIUM CHLORIDE; SOMATOSTATIN; STEROID 5ALPHA REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; TRAZODONE; TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT;

AGING; BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENT; CLINICAL FEATURE; DRUG DOSE REDUCTION; GERIATRIC CARE; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION; POLYURIA; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR;

AGED; DIAGNOSIS, DIFFERENTIAL; HUMANS; HYPOTENSION, ORTHOSTATIC;

EID: 84858225960     PISSN: 14779072     EISSN: 17448344     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1586/erc.12.11     Document Type: Review

References (38)

1. Freeman R, Wieling W, Axelrod FB et al. Consensus statement on the definition of orthostatic hypotension, neurally-mediated syncope and the postural tachycardia syndrome. Clin. Auton. Res. 21(2), 69-72 (2011).
2. Mader SL. Orthostatic hypotension in older patients. Aging Health 2, 54-61 (2006).
3. Mukai S, Lipsitz LA. Orthostatic hypotension. Clin. Geriatr. Med. 18(2), 253-268 (2002). (Pubitemid 34693167)
4. Jansen RW. Postprandial hypotension: simple treatment but difficulties with the diagnosis. J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. 60(10), 1268-1270 (2005). (Pubitemid 41612418)
5. Sorond FA, Khavari R, Serrador JM, Lipsitz LA. Regional cerebral autoregulation during orthostatic stress: age-related differences. J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. 60(11), 1484-1487 (2005). (Pubitemid 41798460)
6. van Beek AH, Sijbesma JC, Jansen RW, Rikkert MG, Claassen JA. Cortical oxygen supply during postural hypotension is further decreased in Alzheimer's disease, but unrelated to cholinesterase-inhibitor use. J. Alzheimers. Dis. 21(2), 519-526 (2010).
7. Weiss A, Grossman E, Beloosesky Y, Grinblat J. Orthostatic hypotension in acute geriatric ward. Is it a consistent finding? Arch. Int. Med. 162(20), 2369-2374 (2002). (Pubitemid 35332521)
8. Ooi WL, Barrett S, Hossain M, Kelley- Gagnon M, Lipsitz LA. Patterns of orthostatic BP change and their clinical correlates in a frail elderly population. JAMA 277(16), 1299-1304 (1997). (Pubitemid 27194354)
9. Kong KH, Chuo AM. Incidence and outcome of orthostatic hypotension in stroke patients undergoing rehabilitation. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 84(4), 559-562 (2003). (Pubitemid 36417657)
10. Arbogast SD, Alshekhlee A, Hussain Z, McNeeley K, Chelimsky TC. Hypotension unawareness in profound orthostatic hypotension. Am. J. Med. 122(6), 574-580 (2009).
11. Hale WA, Chambliss ML. Should primary care patients be screened for orthostatic hypotension? J. Fam. Prac. 48(7), 547-552 (1999).
12. Flaherty JH, Morley JE, Murphy DJ, Wasserman MR. The development of outpatient clinical glidepaths. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 50(11), 1886-1901 (2002).
13. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR et al. Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Hypertension 42(6), 1206-1252 (2003). (Pubitemid 37553153)
14. Gupta V, Lipsitz LA. Orthostatic hypotension in the elderly: diagnosis and treatment. Am. J. Med. 120(10), 841-847 (2007). (Pubitemid 47451288)
15. Gangavati A, Hajjar I, Quach L et al. Hypertension, orthostatic hypotension, and the risk of falls in a community-dwelling elderly population: the maintenance of balance, independent living, intellect, and zest in the elderly of Boston study. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 59(3), 383-389 (2011).
16. Mussi C, Ungar A, Salvioli G et al. Evaluation of Guidelines in Syncope Study 2 Group. Orthostatic hypotension as cause of syncope in patients older than 65 years admitted to emergency departments for transient loss of consciousness. J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. 64(7), 801-806 (2009).
17. Shibao C, Grijalva CG, Raj SR, Biaggioni I, Griffin MR. Orthostatic hypotension related hospitalizations in the United States. Am. J. Med. 120(11), 975-980 (2007). (Pubitemid 47633484)
18. Fedorowski A, Hedblad B, Melander O. Early postural blood pressure response and cause-specific mortality among middle-aged adults. Eur. J. Epidemiology 26(7), 537-546 (2011).
19. Franceschini N, Rose KM, Astor BC, Couper D, Vupputuri S. Orthostatic hypotension and incident chronic kidney disease: the atherosclerosis risk in communities study. Hypertension 56(6), 1054-1059 (2010).
20. Verwoert GC, Mattace-Raso FU, Hofman A et al. Orthostatic hypotension and risk of cardiovascular disease in elderly people: the Rotterdam study. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 56(10), 1816-1820 (2008).
21. Maurer M, Rivadeneira H, Bloomfield D. Should orthostatic changes in blood pressure be measured after one or three minutes in elderly subjects. Am. J. Geriatr. Cardiol. 7(4), 29-33 (1998). (Pubitemid 28332387)
22. Robertson D, Robertson RM. Causes of chronic orthostatic hypotension. Arch. Int. Med. 154(14), 1620-1624 (1994). (Pubitemid 24242349)
23. Ejaz AA, Haley WE, Wasiluk A, Meschia JF, Fitzpatrick PM. Characteristics of 100 consecutive patients presenting with OH. Mayo Clin. Proc. 79(7), 890-894 (2004). (Pubitemid 38879955)
24. Gilman S, Low PA, Quinn N et al. Consensus statement of the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy. J. Neurol. Sci. 163(1), 94-98 (1999). (Pubitemid 29155424)
25. Goldstein DS. Cardiovascular aspects of Parkinson disease. J. Neural Transm. (Suppl. 70), 339-342 (2006). (Pubitemid 44622220)
26. Tinetti ME, Baker DI, McAvay G et al. A multifactorial intervention to reduce the risk of falling among elderly people living in the community. N. Engl. J. Med. 331, 821-827 (1994). (Pubitemid 24289708)
27. Figueroa JJ, Basford JR, Low PA. Preventing and treating orthostatic hypotension: as easy as A, B, C. Cleve. Clin. J. Med. 77(5), 298-306 (2010).
28. Biaggioni I, Robertson RM. Hypertension in OH and autonomic dysfunction. Cardiol. Clinics 20(2), 291-301 (2002).
29. Fan CW, Walsh C, Cunningham CJ. The effect of sleeping with the head of the bed elevated six inches on elderly patients with orthostatic hypotension: an open randomized controlled trial. Age Ageing 40, 187-192 (2011).
30. Lahrmann H, Cortelli P, Hilz M, Mathias CJ, Struhal W, Tassinari M. EFNS guidelines on the diagnosis and management of orthostatic hypotension. Eur. J. Neurol. 13, 930-936 (2006). (Pubitemid 44284897)
31. Van Lieshout JJ, ten Harkel AD, Wieling W. Fludrocortisone and sleeping in the head-up position limit the postural decrease in cardiac output in autonomic failure. Clin. Auton. Res. 10, 35-42 (2000). (Pubitemid 32250284)
32. Smit AA, Wieling W, Fujimura J et al. Use of lower abdominal compression to combat orthostatic hypotension in patients with autonomic dysfunction. Clin. Auton. Res. 14(3), 167-175 (2004). (Pubitemid 38951992)
33. Fujisawa H, Kamimura H, Ohtsuka Y, Nanbu T, Agishi Y. Continuous measurement of blood pressure, heart rate, and left ventricular performance during and after isometric exercise in head-out water immersion. Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. Occup. Physiol. 72(5-6), 548-552 (1996). (Pubitemid 26081028)
34. Bouvette CM, McPhee BR, Opfer- Gehrking TL, Low PA. Role of physical counter-maneuvers in the management of orthostatic hypotension: efficacy and biofeedback augmentation. Mayo Clin. Proc. 71(9), 847-853 (1996).
35. Low PA, Gilden JL, Freeman R, Sheng KN, McElligott MA. Efficacy of midodrine vs placebo in neurogenic orthostatic hypotension. A randomized, double-blind multicenter study. JAMA 277(13), 1046-1051 (1997). (Pubitemid 27147542)
36. Mathias CJ. l-dihydroxyphenylserine (Droxidopa) in the treatment of orthostatic hypotension: the European Experience. Clin. Auton. Res. 18(Suppl. 1), 25-29 (2008). (Pubitemid 351667201)
37. Shibao C, Gamboa A, Diedrich et al. Acarbose, an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, attenuates postprandial hypotension in autonomic failure. Hypertension 50(1), 54-61 (2007). (Pubitemid 46986010)
38. Fujikawa T, Tochikubo O, Kura N, Kiyokura T, Shimada J, Umemura S. Measurement of hemodynamic during postural changes using a new wearable cephalic laser blood flowmeter. Circ. J. 73(10), 1950-1955 (2009).