A randomized double-blind study comparing intradermal anesthetic tolerability, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness of lidocaine, buffered lidocaine, and bacteriostatic normal saline for peripheral intravenous insertion
Comparison of Bacteriostatic Normal Saline and Lidocaine Used as Intradermal Anesthesia for the Placement of Intravenous Lines
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A randomized crossover comparison of injected buffered lidocaine, lidocaine cream, and no analgesia for peripheral intravenous cannula insertion
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Effect of pH modification by bicarbonate on pain after subcutaneous lidocaine injection
Parham SM, Pasieka JL. Effect of pH modification by bicarbonate on pain after subcutaneous lidocaine injection. Can J Surg. 1996; 39(1):31-35. (Pubitemid 26076816)
Saline with benzyl alcohol as intradermal anesthesia for intravenous line placement in children
Fein JA, Boardman C, Stevenson S, et al. Saline with benzyl alcohol as intradermal anesthesia for intravenous line placement in children. Pediatr Emerg Care. 1998;14:119-122. (Pubitemid 28185859)
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