Long-range coherent OFDR with light source phase noise compensation

Journal of Lightwave Technology

Volumn 30, Issue 8, 2012, Pages 1015-1024

  Ito, Fumihiko ^a   Fan, Xinyu ^a   Koshikiya, Yusuke ^a  

^a NTT Access Network Service Systems Laboratories   (Japan)

Author keywords

Fiber optics; noise cancellation; phase noise; reflectometry

Indexed keywords

COHERENCE LENGTHS; COHERENT OPTICAL FREQUENCY DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY; COMPENSATION TECHNIQUES; FIBER LINKS; FIBER NETWORKS; HIGH-RESOLUTION MEASUREMENTS; MEASUREMENT RANGE; NOISE CANCELLATION; NOISE COMPENSATION; OPTICAL FREQUENCY DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY; RECENT PROGRESS; REFLECTOMETRY;

FIBER OPTICS; LIGHT SOURCES; REFLECTION; REFLECTOMETERS;

PHASE NOISE;

EID: 84858066273     PISSN: 07338724     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2011.2167598     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. W. Eickhoff and R. Ulrich, "Optical frequency domain reflectometry in single-mode fiber," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 39, pp. 693-695, 1981.
2. E. Brinkmeyer,W. Brennecke, M. Zum, and R. Ulrich, "Fiber Bragg reflector for mode selection and line-narrowing of injection lasers," Electron. Lett., vol. 22, pp. 134-135, 1986. (Pubitemid 16079103)
3. D. Uttam and B. Culshaw, "Precision time domain reflectometry in optical fiber systems using a frequency modulated continuous wave ranging technique," J. Lightw. Technol., vol. LT-3, no. 5, pp. 971-977, Oct. 1985.
4. S. A. Kingsley and D. E. N. Davies, "OFDR diagnostics for fiber and integrated-optic systems," Electron. Lett., vol. 21, pp. 434-435, 1985. (Pubitemid 15491915)
5. R. I. MacDonald and H. Ahlers, "Swept wavelength reflectometer for integrated-optic measurements," Appl. Opt., vol. 26, pp. 114-117, 1987.
6. H. Ghafoori-Shiraz and T. Okoshi, "Optical-fiber diagnosis using optical- frequency-domain reflectometry," Opt. Lett., vol. 10, pp. 160-162, Mar. 1985. (Pubitemid 15129107)
7. H. Ghafoori-Shiraz and T. Okoshi, "Fault location in optical fibers using optical frequency domain reflectometry," J. Lightw. Technol., vol. LT-4, no. 3, pp. 316-322, Mar. 1986. (Pubitemid 16595668)
8. H. Barfuss and E. Brinkmeyer, "Modified optical frequency domain reflectometry with high spatial resolution for components of integrated optic systems," J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 3-10, Jan. 1989.
9. W. V. Sorin, D. K. Donald, S. A. Newton, and M. Nazarathy, "Coherent FMCW reflectometry using a temperature tuned Nd: YAG ring laser," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 2, no. 12, pp. 902-904, Dec. 1993.
10. S. Henderson et al., "Coherent laser radar at 2 pm using solid-state laser," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 4-16, Jan. 1993.
11. J. P. von derWeid, R. Passy, and N. Gisin, "Mid-range coherent optical frequency domain reflectometry with a DFB laser diode coupled to an external cavity," J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 954-960, May 1995.
12. G. Mussi, N. Gisin, R. Passy, and J. P. von derWeid, "-152.5 dB sensitivity high dynamic-range optical frequency-domain reflectometry," Electron. Lett., vol. 32, pp. 926-927, 1996. (Pubitemid 126496069)
13. E. C. Burrows and K. Y. Liou, "High resolution laser LIDAR utilizing two-section distributed feedback semiconductor laser as a coherent source," Electron. Lett., vol. 26, pp. 577-578, 1990.
14. M. Nakazawa, T. Tanifuji, M. Tokuda, and N. Uchida, "Photon probe fault locator for single-mode fiber using an acoustooptical light detector," IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. QE-17, no. 7, pp. 1264-1269, Jul. 1981. (Pubitemid 11421088)
15. R. I. MacDonald and H. Ahlers, "Swept wavelength reflectometer for integrated-optic measurements," Appl. Opt., vol. 26, pp. 114-117, 1987.
16. D. W. Dolfi, M. Nazarathy, and S. A. Newton, "5-mm-resolution optical-frequency-domain reflectometry using a coded phase-reversal modulator," Opt. Lett., vol. 13, pp. 678-680, 1988.
17. S. Venkatesh and D. W. Dolfi, "Incoherent frequency modulated cw optical reflectometry with centimeter resolution," Appl. Opt., vol. 29, pp. 1323-1326, 1990.
18. M.-C. Amann, "Phase noise limited resolution of coherent LIDAR using widely tunable laser diodes," Electron. Lett., vol. 28, pp. 1694-1696, 1992. (Pubitemid 23559781)
19. A. Dieckmann and M.-C. Amann, "Phase-noise-limited accuracy of distance measurements in a frequency-modulated continuous-wave LIDAR with a tunable twinguide laser diode," Opt. Eng., vol. 34, pp. 896-903, 1995.
20. S. Venkatesh and W. V. Sorin, "Phase noise considerations in coherent optical FMCW reflectometry," L. Lightw. Technol., vol. 11, no. 10, pp. 1694-1700, Oct. 1993.
21. K. Tsuji, K. Shimizu, T. Horiguchi, and Y. Koyamada, "Coherent optical frequency domain reflectometry for a long single-mode optical fiber using a coherent lightwave source and an external phase modulator," IEEE. Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 7, no. 7, pp. 804-806, Jul. 1995.
22. K. Tsuji, K. Shimizu, T. Horiguchi, and Y. Koyamada, "Spatial- resolution improvement in long-range coherent optical frequency domain reflectometry by frequency-sweep linearization," Electron. Lett., vol. 33, pp. 408-410, 1996. (Pubitemid 127546414)
23. Y. Koshikiya, X. Fan, and F. Ito, "Long range and cm-level spatial resolution measurement using coherent optical frequency domain reflectometry with SSB-SC modulator and narrow linewidth fiber laser," J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 26, no. 18, pp. 3287-3294, Sep. 2008.
24. B. Soller, D. Gifford, M. Froggatt, and M. Wolfe, "Millimeter resolution reflectometry over two kilometers," in Proc. 33rd ECOC, Berlin, Germany, Sep. 2007, paper 3.6.1.
25. K. Tsuji, K. Shimizu, T. Horiguchi, and Y. Koyamada, "Coherent optical frequency domain reflectometry using phase-decorrelated reflected and reference lightwaves," J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 15, no. 7, pp. 1102-1109, Jul. 1997. (Pubitemid 127590966)
26. J. Geng, C. Spiegelberg, and S. Jiang, "Narrow linewidth fiber laser for 100 km optical frequency domain reflectometry," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 17, no. 9, pp. 1827-1829, Sep. 2005. (Pubitemid 41488266)
27. X. Fan and F. Ito, "Novel optical frequency domain reflectometry with measurement range beyond laser coherence length realized using concatenatively generated reference signal," in Proc. Conf. Lasers Electro- Opt. Quantum Electron., Baltimore, MD, May 2007, paper CThKK7.
28. X. Fan, Y. Koshikiya, and F. Ito, "Phase-noise-compensated optical frequency domain reflectometry with measurement range beyond laser coherence length realized using concatenative reference method," Opt. Lett., vol. 32, no. 22, pp. 3227-3229, 2007. (Pubitemid 351328379)
29. E. Brinkmeyer and U. Glombitza, "High-resolution coherent frequency- domain reflectometry using continuously tuned laser diodes," in Proc. Opt. Fiber Commun., San Diego, CA, 1991, pp. 129-0, paper WN2.
30. S. Venkatesh, W. V. Sorin, D. K. Donald, and B. L. Heffner, "Coherent FMCW reflectometry using a piezoelectrically tuned Nd:YAG ring laser," in Proc. Opt. Fiber Sensors, Monterey, CA, 1992, pp. 61-64.
31. K. Takada, "High-resolution OFDR with incorporated fiber-optic frequency encoder," IEEE. Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 4, no. 9, pp. 1069-1072, Sep. 1992. (Pubitemid 23574146)
32. U. Glombitza and E. Brinkmeyer, "Coherent frequency-domain reflectometry for characterization of single-mode integrated-optical waveguides," J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 11, no. 8, pp. 1377-1384, Aug. 1993.
33. B. J. Soller, D. K. Gifford, M. S. Wolfe, and M. E. Froggatt, "High resolution optical frequency domain reflectometry for characterization of components and assemblies," Opt. Exp., vol. 13, pp. 666-674, 2005. (Pubitemid 40224944)
34. X. Fan, Y. Koshikiya, and F. Ito, "Phase-noise-compensated optical frequency domain reflectometry," IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 45, no. 6, pp. 594-602, Jun. 2009.
35. A. Yariv and P. Yeh, Photonics: Optical Electronics in Modern Communications. Oxford, U. K.: Oxford Univ., 2007, ch. 10.
36. Y. Koshikiya, X. Fan, and F. Ito, "Influence of acoustic perturbation of fibers in phase-noise compensated optical frequency domain reflectometry," J. Lightw. Technol.,, vol. 28, no. 22, pp. 3323-3328, Nov. 2010.
37. X. Fan, Y. Koshikiya, and F. Ito, "2-cm spatial resolution over 40 km realized by bandwidth-division phase-noise-compensated OFDR," in Proc. OFC, Los Angeles, CA, Mar. 2011, paper OMF3.
38. X. Fan, Y. Koshikiya, K. Okamoto, H. Iida, H. Takahashi, and F. Ito, "Field trial of cm-level resolution PNC-OFDR for identifying highbirefringence section," presented at the 37th ECOC, Geneva, Switzerland, Sep. 2011.
39. D. Breuer, H. J. Tessmann, A. Gladisch, H. M. Foisel, G. Neumann, H. Reiner, and H. Cremer, in Dig. LEOS Summer Topical Meetings, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2003, pp. MB2.1/5-MB2.1/6.
40. A. Galtarossa and L. Palmieri, "Spatially resolved PMD measurements," J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 1103-1115, Apr. 2004.
41. A. J. Rogers, "Polarization-optical time domain reflectometry: A technique for the measurement of field distributions," Appl. Opt., vol. 20, pp. 1060-1074, 1981. (Pubitemid 11489052)
42. J. G. Ellison and A. S. Siddiqui, "Automatic matrix-based analysis method for extraction of optical fiber parameters from polarimetric optical time domain reflectometry data," J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 18, no. 9, pp. 1226-1232, Sep. 2000.
43. R. Goto, S. Tanigawa, S. Matsuo, and K. Himeno, "On-spool PMD estimation method for low-PMD fibers with high repeatability by local-DGD measurement using POTDR," J. Lightw. Technol.,, vol. 24, no. 11, pp. 3914-3919, Nov. 2006. (Pubitemid 44824085)
44. B. Huttner, J. Reecht, N. Gisin, R. Passy, and J. P. von derWeid, "Local birefringence measurements in single-mode fibers with coherent optical frequency-domain reflectometry," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 10, no. 10, pp. 1458-1460, Oct. 1998. (Pubitemid 128570767)