Suicide risk in primary care patients with major physical diseases: A case-control study

Archives of General Psychiatry

Volumn 69, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 256-264

  Webb, Roger T ^a   Kontopantelis, Evangelos ^a   Doran, Tim ^a   Qin, Ping ^b   Creed, Francis ^a   Kapur, Nav ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER   (United Kingdom)

^b AARHUS UNIVERSITY   (Denmark)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; ASTHMA; BACKACHE; CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEPRESSION; DIABETES MELLITUS; EPILEPSY; FEMALE; GENERAL PRACTICE; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; NEOPLASM; OSTEOARTHRITIS; OSTEOPOROSIS; PREVALENCE; PRIMARY MEDICAL CARE; RISK FACTOR; SEX DIFFERENCE; STROKE; SUICIDE; UNITED KINGDOM;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGE FACTORS; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; DEPRESSION; DISEASE; FEMALE; GREAT BRITAIN; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NEOPLASMS; ODDS RATIO; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTORS; SEX FACTORS; SUICIDE; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84857960844     PISSN: 0003990X     EISSN: 15383636     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.1561     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Moussavi S, Chatterji S, Verdes E, Tandon A, Patel V, Ustun B. Depression, chronic diseases, and decrements in health: results from the World Health Surveys. Lancet. 2007;370(9590):851-858. (Pubitemid 47362344)
2. Copsey Spring TR, Yanni LM, Levenson JL. A shot in the dark: failing to recognize the link between physical and mental illness. J Gen Intern Med. 2007;22 (5):677-680. (Pubitemid 46941181)
3. Kuo CJ, Chen VC, Lee WC, Chen WJ, Ferri CP, Stewart R, Lai TJ, Chen CC, Wang TN, Ko YC. Asthma and suicide mortality in young people: a 12-year follow-up study. Am J Psychiatry. 2010;167(9):1092-1099.
4. Louhivuori KA, Hakama M. Risk of suicide among cancer patients. Am J Epidemiol. 1979;109(1):59-65.
5. Allebeck P, Bolund C, Ringbäck G. Increased suicide rate in cancer patients: a cohort study based on the Swedish Cancer-Environment Register. J Clin Epidemiol. 1989;42(7):611-616. (Pubitemid 19190640)
6. Larsen KK, Agerbo E, Christensen B, Søndergaard J, Vestergaard M. Myocardial infarction and risk of suicide: a population-based case-control study. Circulation. 2010;122(23):2388-2393.
7. Tseng CH. Mortality and causes of death in a national sample of diabetic patients in Taiwan. Diabetes Care. 2004;27(7):1605-1609. (Pubitemid 38857433)
8. Nilsson L, Tomson T, Farahmand BY, Diwan V, Persson PG. Cause-specific mortality in epilepsy: a cohort study of more than 9,000 patients once hospitalized for epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1997;38(10):1062-1068. (Pubitemid 27424148)
9. Christensen J, Vestergaard M, Mortensen PB, Sidenius P, Agerbo E. Epilepsy and risk of suicide: a population-based case-control study. Lancet Neurol. 2007; 6(8):693-698. (Pubitemid 47058376)
10. Teasdale TW, Engberg AW. Suicide after a stroke: a population study. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2001;55(12):863-866. (Pubitemid 33097218)
11. Haste F, Charlton J, Jenkins R. Potential for suicide prevention in primary care? an analysis of factors associated with suicide. Br J Gen Pract. 1998;48(436): 1759-1763. (Pubitemid 28508438)
12. Waern M, Rubenowitz E, Runeson B, Skoog I, Wilhelmson K, Allebeck P. Burden of illness and suicide in elderly people: case-control study. BMJ. 2002; 324(7350):1355-1357. (Pubitemid 34628002)
13. Juurlink DN, Herrmann N, Szalai JP, Kopp A, Redelmeier DA. Medical illness and the risk of suicide in the elderly. Arch Intern Med. 2004;164(11):1179-1184. (Pubitemid 39030353)
14. Isometsä ET, Henriksson MM, Aro HM, Heikkinen ME, Kuoppasalmi KI, Lönnqvist JK. Suicide in major depression. Am J Psychiatry. 1994;151(4):530-536. (Pubitemid 24115817)
15. National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE). Depression in Adults With a Chronic Physical Health Problem: Treatment & Management. London, England: National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health; 2009. National Health Service (NHS) NICE clinical guideline 91.
16. Rihmer Z. Can better recognition and treatment of depression reduce suicide rates? a brief review. Eur Psychiatry. 2001;16(7):406-409. (Pubitemid 33101275)
17. Hendin H. Suicide, assisted suicide, andmedical illness. J Clin Psychiatry. 1999; 60(suppl 2):46-52.
18. Walley T, Mantgani A. The UK General Practice Research Database. Lancet. 1997; 350(9084):1097-1099. (Pubitemid 27437871)
19. Khan NF, Harrison SE, Rose PW. Validity of diagnostic coding within the General Practice Research Database: a systematic review. Br J Gen Pract. 2010; 60(572):e128-e136. doi:10.3399/bjgp10X483562.
20. Osborn DP, Levy G, Nazareth I, Petersen I, Islam A, King MB. Relative risk of cardiovascular and cancer mortality in people with severe mental illness from the United Kingdom's General Practice Research Database. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2007;64(2):242-249. (Pubitemid 46220782)
21. Watson L, Baird J, Hösel V, Peveler R. The effect of concurrent pain on the management of patients with depression: an analysis of NHS healthcare resource utilisation using the GPRD database. Int J Clin Pract. 2009;63(5):698-706.
22. Byford S, Barrett B, Despiégel N, Wade A. Impact of treatment success on health service use and cost in depression: longitudinal database analysis. Pharmacoeconomics. 2011;29(2):157-170.
23. Grabbe L, Demi A, Camann MA, Potter L. The health status of elderly persons in the last year of life: a comparison of deaths by suicide, injury, and natural causes. Am J Public Health. 1997;87(3):434-437. (Pubitemid 27157460)
24. Conwell Y, Duberstein PR, Caine ED. Risk factors for suicide in later life. Biol Psychiatry. 2002;52(3):193-204. (Pubitemid 35232088)
25. Quan H, Arboleda-Flórez J, Fick GH, Stuart HL, Love EJ. Association between physical illness and suicide among the elderly. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2002;37(4):190-197. (Pubitemid 36076009)
26. Viilo KM, Timonen MJ, Hakko HH, Särkioja T, Meyer-Rochow VB, Räsänen PK. Lifetime prevalences of physical diseases and mental disorders in young suicide victims. Psychosom Med. 2005;67(2):241-245. (Pubitemid 40410959)
27. Linsley KR, Schapira K, Kelly TP. Open verdict v. suicide-importance to research. Br J Psychiatry. 2001;178:465-468.
28. Neeleman J, Wessely S. Changes in classification of suicide in England and Wales: time trends and associations with coroners' professional backgrounds. Psychol Med. 1997;27(2):467-472. (Pubitemid 27139978)
29. World Health Organization. Manual of the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10). Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 1992.
30. Hill C, Cook L. Narrative verdicts and their impact on mortality statistics in England and Wales. Health Stat Q. 2011;49(49):81-100.
31. Office for National Statistics. Suicide Rates in the United Kingdom, 2000-2009. Statistical Bulletin. London, England: Office for National Statistics; 2011.
32. McCormick A, Fleming D, Charlton J. Morbidity Statistics From General Practice: Fourth National Study 1991-1992. London, England: HMSO; 1995.
33. Hammad TA, McAdams MA, Feight A, Iyasu S, Dal Pan GJ. Determining the predictive value of Read/OXMIS codes to identify incident acute myocardial infarction in the General Practice Research Database. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2008;17(12):1197-1201.
34. Khan NF, Perera R, Harper S, Rose PW. Adaptation and validation of the Charlson Index for Read/OXMIS coded databases. BMC Fam Pract. 2010;11:1. doi: 10.1186/1471-2296-11-1.
35. Doran T, Kontopantelis E, Valderas JM, Campbell S, Roland M, Salisbury C, Reeves D. Effect of financial incentives on incentivized and non-incentivized clinical activities: longitudinal analysis of data from the UK Quality and Outcomes Framework. BMJ. 2011;342:d3590. doi:10.1136/bmj.d3590.
36. Hennessy S, Bilker WB, Berlin JA, Strom BL. Factors influencing the optimal control-to-case ratio in matched case-control studies. Am J Epidemiol. 1999;149(2): 195-197. (Pubitemid 29039523)
37. Clayton D, Hills M. Statistical Models in Epidemiology. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press; 1993.
38. Shah A, Bhat R, McKenzie S, Koen C. Elderly suicide rates: cross-national comparisons and association with sex and elderly age-bands. Med Sci Law. 2007; 47(3):244-252.
39. Kaplan MS, McFarland BH, Huguet N, Newsom JT. Physical illness, functional limitations, and suicide risk: a population-based study. Am J Orthopsychiatry. 2007;77(1):56-60. (Pubitemid 46433156)
40. Mikkelsen RL, Middelboe T, Pisinger C, Stage KB. Anxiety and depression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a review. Nord J Psychiatry. 2004;58(1):65-70. (Pubitemid 38351199)
41. Mezuk B, Eaton WW, Golden SH. Depression and osteoporosis: epidemiology and potential mediating pathways. Osteoporos Int. 2008;19(1):1-12. (Pubitemid 350198063)
42. Law MR, Hackshaw AK. A meta-analysis of cigarette smoking, bone mineral density and risk of hip fracture: recognition of a major effect. BMJ. 1997;315(7112): 841-846. (Pubitemid 27420442)
43. Felson DT, Zhang Y, Hannan MT, Kannel WB, Kiel DP. Alcohol intake and bone mineral density in elderly men and women: the Framingham Study.Am J Epidemiol. 1995;142(5):485-492.
44. Schneider B, Wetterling T, Georgi K, Bartusch B, Schnabel A, Blettner M. Smoking differently modifies suicide risk of affective disorders, substance use disorders, and social factors. J Affect Disord. 2009;112(1-3):165-173.
45. Flensborg-Madsen T, Knop J, Mortensen EL, Becker U, Sher L, Grønbaek M. Alcohol use disorders increase the risk of completed suicide-irrespective of other psychiatric disorders: a longitudinal cohort study. Psychiatry Res. 2009;167 (1-2):123-130.
46. Björkenstam C, Edberg A, Ayoubi S, Rosén M. Are cancer patients at higher suicide risk than the general population? a nationwide register study in Sweden from 1965 to 1999. Scand J Public Health. 2005;33(3):208-214. (Pubitemid 40867602)
47. Miccinesi G, Crocetti E, Benvenuti A, Paci E. Suicide mortality is decreasing among cancer patients in Central Italy. Eur J Cancer. 2004;40(7):1053-1057. (Pubitemid 38496263)
48. Crocetti E, Arniani S, Acciai S, Barchielli A, Buiatti E. High suicide mortality soon after diagnosis among cancer patients in central Italy. Br J Cancer. 1998;77 (7):1194-1196. (Pubitemid 28116297)
49. Schairer C, Brown LM, Chen BE, Howard R, Lynch CF, Hall P, Storm H, Pukkala E, Anderson A, Kaijser M, Andersson M, Joensuu H, Fosså SD, Ganz PA, Travis LB. Suicide after breast cancer: an international population-based study of 723,810 women. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2006;98(19):1416-1419. (Pubitemid 44530718)
50. Twombly R. Decades after cancer, suicide risk remains high [editorial]. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2006;98(19):1356-1358.
51. Maguire GP, Lee EG, Bevington DJ, Küchemann CS, Crabtree RJ, Cornell CE. Psychiatric problems in the first year after mastectomy. Br Med J. 1978;1(6118): 963-965. (Pubitemid 8316504)
52. Al-Ghazal SK, Fallowfield L, Blamey RW. Comparison of psychological aspects and patient satisfaction following breast conserving surgery, simple mastectomy and breast reconstruction. Eur J Cancer. 2000;36(15):1938-1943.
53. MacDonald TM, McMahon AD, Reid IC, Fenton GW, McDevitt DG. Antidepressant drug use in primary care: a record linkage study in Tayside, Scotland. BMJ. 1996;313(7061):860-861. (Pubitemid 26335212)
54. Donoghue J, Hylan TR. Antidepressant use in clinical practice: efficacy v. effectiveness. Br J Psychiatry Suppl. 2001;42:S9-S17. (Pubitemid 32846116)
55. Copeland KT, Checkoway H, McMichael AJ, Holbrook RH. Bias due to misclassification in the estimation of relative risk. Am J Epidemiol. 1977;105(5):488-495. (Pubitemid 8112070)
56. Soriano JB, Maier WC, Visick G, Pride NB. Validation of general practitionerdiagnosed COPD in the UK General Practice Research Database. Eur J Epidemiol. 2001;17(12):1075-1080.
57. Rifkin A. Depression in physically ill patients: don't dismiss it as 'understandable'. Postgrad Med. 1992;92(3):147-154.