Effects of shade and flaxseed supplementation on the welfare of lactating ewes under high ambient temperatures

Small Ruminant Research

Volumn 102, Issue 2-3, 2012, Pages 177-185

  Caroprese, M ^a   Albenzio, M ^a   Bruno, A ^b   Annicchiarico, G ^b   Marino, R ^a   Sevi, A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FOGGIA   (Italy)

^b CRA Istituto Sperimentale per la Zootecnia   (Italy)

Author keywords

Flaxseed; High ambient temperature; Sheep welfare; Solar radiation

Indexed keywords

OVIS ARIES; SARDA;

EID: 84857922755     PISSN: 09214488     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2011.07.010     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Ardvisson K., Gustavsson A.M., Martinsson K. Fatty acids in forages: a comparison of different pre-treatments prior to analysis. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 2009, 151:143-152.
2. AOAC Official Methods of Analysis 1990, Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA. 15th ed.
3. Bassett C.M.C., Rodriguez-Leyva D., Pierce G.N. Experimental and clinical research findings on the cardiovascular benefits of consuming flaxseed. Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab. 2009, 34:965-974.
4. Bernabucci U., Lacetera N., Danieli P.P., Bani P., Nardone A., Ronchi B. Influence of different periods of exposure to hot environment on rumen function and diet digestibility in sheep. Int. J. Biometeorol. 2009, 53:387-395.
5. Calamari L., Abeni F., Calegari F., Stefanini L. Metabolic conditions of lactating Friesian cows during the hot season in the Po valley. 2. Blood minerals and acid-base chemistry. Int. J. Biometeorol. 2007, 52:97-197.
6. Calder P.C., Field C.J. Fatty acids lammation immunity. Nutrition and Immune Function 2002, 57-92. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK. P.C. Calder, C.J. Field (Eds.).
7. Caroprese M., Albenzio M., Marzano A., Schena L., Annicchiarico G., Sevi A. Relationship between cortisol response to stress and behavior, immune profile, and production performances of dairy ewes. J. Dairy Sci. 2010, 93:2395-2403.
8. Caroprese M., Marzano A., Entrican G., Wattegedera S., Albenzio M., Sevi A. Immune response of cows fed polyunsaturated fatty acids under high ambient temperatures. J. Dairy Sci. 2009, 92:2796-2803.
9. Di Costanzo A., Spain J.N., Spiers D.E. Supplementation of nicotinic acid for lactating Holstein cows under heat stress conditions. J. Dairy Sci. 1997, 80:1200-1206.
10. Drackley J.K., Cicela T.M., LaCount D.W. Responses of primiparous and multiparous Holstein cows to additional energy from fat or concentrate during summer. J. Dairy Sci. 2003, 86:1306-1314.
11. Elenkov I.J., Chrousos G.P. Stress hormones, Th1/Th2 patterns, pro/anti-inflammatory cytokines and susceptibility to disease. Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 1999, 10:359-368.
12. Igono M.O., Johnson H.D., Steevens B.J., Hainen W.A., Shan-klin M.D. Effect of season on milk temperature, milk growth hormone, prolactin, and somatic cell counts of lactating cattle. Int. J. Biometeorol. 1988, 32:194-200.
13. Kelly C.F., Bond T.E. Bioclimatic Factors and Their Measurement 1971, A Guide to Environmental Research on Animals. Nat. Acad. Sci., Washington, DC.
14. Lacetera N., Bernabucci U., Scalia D., Ronchi B., Kuzminsky G., Nardone A. Lymphocyte functions in dairy cows in hot environment. Int. J. Biometeorol. 2005, 50:105-110.
15. Liu Z.L., Chen P., Li J.M., Lin S.B., Wang D.M., Zhu L.P., Yang D.P. Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) moderate negative responses of heat-stressed cows. Livest. Sci. 2008, 118:255-261.
16. Maltz E., Silanikove N., Shalit U., Berman A. Diurnal fluctuations in plasma ions and water intake of dairy cows as affected by lactation in warm weather. J. Dairy Sci. 1994, 77:2630-2639.
17. Marai I.F.M., El-Darawany A.A., Fadiel A., Abdel-Hafez M.A.M. Physiological traits as affected by heat stress in sheep-a review. Small Rumin. Res. 2007, 71:1-12.
18. Matteri R.L., Carroll J.A., Dyer C.J. Neuroendoc responses to stress. The Biology of Animal Stress 2000, 43-76. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK. G.P. Moberg, J.A. Mench (Eds.).
19. Munksgaard L., Herskin M.S., Løvendahl P., Andersen J.B. Effects of nutrition on stress reactivity. Ruminant Physiology 2006, 511-525. Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, The Netherlands. K. Sejrsen, T. Hvelplund, M.O. Nielsen (Eds.).
20. Murzenok P.P., Netukova N.I., Zhytkevitch T.I. Ultrastructure and functional state of rabbit lymphoid cells after repeated exposure to lipopolysaccharide and external heating. Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp. (Warsz) 1997, 45:301-305.
21. National Research Council Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle 2001, Natl. Acad. Sci., Washington, DC. 7th ed.
22. Peana I., Fois G., Cannas A. Effects of heat stress and diet on milk production and feed and energy intake of Sarda ewes. Ital. J. Anim. Sci. 2007, 6:577-579.
23. SA.S Institute SAS User's Guide: Statistics 1999, Version 8.1 ed. SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC.
24. Sevi A., Annicchiarico G., Albenzio M., Taibi L., Muscio A., Dell'Aquila S. Effects of solar radiation and feeding time on behavior, immune response and production of lactating ewes under high ambient temperature. J. Dairy Sci. 2001, 84:629-640.
25. Shapiro S.S., Wilk M.B. An analysis of variance test for normality. Biometrika 1965, 52:591-601.
26. Silanikove N. Effects of heat stress on the welfare of extensively managed domenstic ruminants. Livest. Prod. Sci. 2000, 67:1-18.
27. Srikandakumar A., Johnson E.H., Mahgoub O. Effect of heat stress on respiration rate, rectal temperature and blood chemistry in Omani and Australian Merino sheep. Small Rumin. Res. 2003, 49:193-198.
28. Stefanon B., Sgorlon S., De Moro G., Asquini E. Action of larch bark in the regulation of cortisol induced stress in sheep. Ital. J. Anim. Sci. 2009, 8:162-164.
29. Thornton J.H., Schultz L.H. Effects of administration of nicotinic acid on glucose, insulin, and glucose tolerance in ruminants. J. Dairy Sci. 1980, 63:262-268.
30. Visser J., van Boxel-Dezaire A., Methorst D., Brunt T., de Kloet E.R., Nagelkerken L. Differential regulation of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and IL-12 by glucocorticoids in vitro. Blood 1998, 91:4255-4264.
31. Webster J.I., Tonelli L., Sternberg E.M. Neuroendocrine regulation of immunity. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 2002, 20:125-163.
32. West J.W. Nutritional strategies for managing the heat stressed dairy cow. J. Anim. Sci. 1999, 77:21-35.