Quantification of static connectivity between deep-water channels and stratigraphically adjacent architectural elements using outcrop analogs

AAPG Bulletin

Volumn 96, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 277-300

  Funk, Jonathan E ^a,b   Slatt, Roger M ^a   Pyles, David R ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA   (United States)

^b MARATHON OIL COMPANY   (United States)

^c Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARCHITECTURE; RESERVOIRS (WATER);

ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENT; CHANNEL ELEMENTS; DEEP WATER; DEEP-WATER CHANNELS; RESERVOIR CONNECTIVITIES; SAND CONTENT; STACKING PATTERNS; TOTAL LENGTH;

SAND;

CONNECTIVITY; DATA SET; DEEP WATER; INTERFACE; OUTCROP; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION; SAND; STRATIGRAPHY;

EID: 84857826242     PISSN: 01491423     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1306/07121110186     Document Type: Article

References (87)

1. Abreu, V., M. Sullivan, C. Pirmez, and D. Mohrig, 2003, Lateral accretion packages (LAPs): An important reservoir element in deep-water sinuous channels: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 20, p. 631-648, doi:10.1016/j .marpetgeo.2003.08.003. (Pubitemid 37525508)
2. Albouy, E., R. Deschamps, T. Euzen, and R. Eschard, 2007, Stratigraphic architecture of a channel complex in the canyon-mouth setting of the lower Pab basin-floor fan, Drabber Dhora, Pakistan, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Adas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 295-298.
3. Arbues, P., D. Mellere, O. Falivene, O. Fernandez, J. A. Munoz, M. Marzo, and J. M. Gibert, 2007a, Architecture of the Ainsa-1 Quarry channel complex, Spain, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Adas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 330-332.
4. Arbues, P., D. Mellere, M. Puig, and M. Marzo, 2007b, The effect of slumping on sandstone distribution in die Arro turbidites, Los Molinos Road, Spain, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Atlas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 333-335.
5. Arnot, M. J., P. R. King, G. H. Browne, and K. Helle, 2007, Channelized, innermost, basin-floor-fan morphologies, Mount Messanger Formation, Waikiekie South Beach and Inland, New Zealand, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Atlas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 249-256.
6. Arnott, R. W. C., 2007a, Architecture of lateral-accretion deposits in two stacked, deep-water, sinuous channel fills: Relationship between coarse channel-fill and adjacent inner-bend levee deposits, Isaac channel 2, Castle Creek Soudi, Windermere Supergroup, British Columbia, Canada, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Adas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 89-92.
7. Arnott, R. W. C, 2007b, Stratigraphic architecture and de-positional evolution of a levee to proximal crevasse-splay to channel-fill succession: Units 13 and 14, Castle Creek North, Isaac Formation, Windermere Supergroup, British Columbia, Canada, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Adas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 111-114.
8. Barton, M. D., and S. Dutton, 2007, A sand-rich, basin-floor turbidite system, Willow Mountain, Texas, U.S.A., in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Atlas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 418-421.
9. Barton, M. D., C. J. O'Byme, B. Pradier, C. Pirmez, Z. Sylvester, and D. Commins, 2007a, Deep-water channel-complex architecture, Popo fault block, Brushy Canyon Formation, Texas, U.S.A.: Part 2. Facies architecture, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Atlas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 463-466.
10. Barton, M. D., C. J. O'Byrne, G. S. Steffens, C. Pirmez, and H. Buergisser, 2007b, Architecture of an aggradational deep-water channel complex: Channel complex 2, Isaac Formation, Windermere Supergroup, British Columbia, Canada, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Adas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 106-110.
11. Barton, M. D., C. J. O'Byrne, C. Pirmez, B. Prather, F. Van der Vlugt, F. O. Alpak, andZ. Sylvester, 2010, Turbidite channel architecture: Recognizing and quantifying the distribution of channel-base drapes using core and dip-meter data, in M. Poppelreiter, C. Garcia-Carballido, and M. Kraaijveld, eds., Dipmeter and borehole image log technology: AAPG Memoir 92, p. 195-201.
12. Beaubouef, R. T., C. Rossen, F. B. Zelt, M. D. Sullivan, D. Mohrig, and D. C. Jennette, 1999, Deep-water sandstones, Brushy Canyon Formation, west Texas: Field Guide for AAPG Hedberg Field Research Conference (AAPG Continuing Education Course Notes], 50 p.
13. Bouma, A. H., 1962, Sedimentology of some Flysch deposits: A graphic approach to facies interpretation: Amsterdam, Elsevier, 168 p.
14. Browne, G. H., P. R. King, M. J. Arnot, and R. M. Slatt, 2007, Architecture of base-of-slope fans, Mount Messenger Formation, Pukearuhe Beach, New Zealand, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Atlas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 257-261.
15. Brunt, R. L., W. D. McCaffrey, and B. C. Buder, 2007, Setting and architectural elements of the Champsaur Sandstones, France, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Adas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 188-191.
16. Burk, M. K., G. L. Brown, and D. R. Petro, 2000, Evolution of die geological model, Lobster field (Ewing Bank 873] fabs.]: AAPG Hedberg Research Conference Integration of Geologic Models for Understanding Risk in die Gulf of Mexico, Galveston, Texas, Offshore, v. 60, p. 90.
17. Campion, K. M., M. D. Sullivan, J. A. May, and J. E. Warme, 1996, Sequence stratigraphy along a tectonically active margin, Paleogene of soudiem California, in P. L. Abbott and J. D. Cooper, eds., Pacific Section AAPG-SEPM Field Trip Guide Book 73, p. 125-188.
18. Campion, K. M., A. R. Sprague, and M. D. Sullivan, 2005, Architecture and lithofacies of the Capistrano Formation (Miocene-Pliocene], San Clemente, California: Pacific Section SEPM Field Trip Guide Book 100, 42 p.
19. Campion, K. M., A. R. Sprague, and M. D. Sullivan, 2007, Architecture and lidiofacies of die Miocene Capistrano Formation, San Clemente State Beach, California, U.S.A., in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Atlas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 395-400.
20. Cavuoto, G., A. Valente, G. Nardi, L. Martelli, and A. Cammarosano, 2007, A prograding Miocene turbidite system, Tempa Rossa Cliffs, Italy, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Atlas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 218-221.
21. Chapin, M., 2007, Sheets and incised channels of die Kilcloher Cliff section, Ross Formation, Ireland, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Atlas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 196-200.
22. Clark, J. D., and K. T. Pickering, 1996a, Architectural elements and growth patterns of submarine channels: Application to hydrocarbon exploration: AAPG Bulletin, v. 80, p. 194-221.
23. Clark, J. D., and K. T. Pickering, 1996b, Submarine channels: Processes and architecture: London, United Kingdom, Vallis Press, 231 p.
24. Clark, J. D., D. Stanbrook, and A. Gardiner, 2007, Architecture and facies of confined deep-water elastics in the Grand Coyer Remnant, Gres d'Annot, France, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Atlas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 174-180.
25. Clifton, H. E., 2007, Submarine-canyon fill, Point Lobos State Reserve, California, U.S.A., in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Atlas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 383-394.
26. Cossey, S. P. J., and K. Kleverlann, 2007, Outcrop examples of amalgamated channel complexes, Tabernas Basin, Spain, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Adas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 336-340.
27. Crevello, P. D., H. D. Johnson, F. Tongkul, and M. R. Wells, 2007, Evolution of an active channel complex, Inanam Quarry, northwest Borneo, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Atlas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 53-56.
28. Cronin, B. T., H. Celik, and A. Hurst, 2007a, Sinuous channels in late stages of entrenched deep-water channel complexes, Hasret Mountain Main Channel, Turkey, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Atlas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 368-372.
29. Cronin, B. T., H. Celik, A. Hurst, M. Gul, K. Gurbuz, A. Mazzini, and M. Overstolz, 2007b, Slope-channel complex fill and overbank architecture, Tinker Channel, Kirkgecit Formation, Turkey, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Atlas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 363-367.
30. Cronin, B. T., K. Gurbuz, M. Gul, H. Celik, A. Hurst, and G. Kelling, 2007c, Evolution of multiphase, winged, coarse-grained deep-water canyons: Alikayasi Canyon, Turkey, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Adas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 357-362.
31. Cross, N. E., A. Cunningham, R. J. Cook, A. Taha, E. Esmaie, and N. El Swidan, 2009, Three-dimensional seismic geo-morphology of a deep-water slope-channel system: The Sequoia field, offshore west Nile Delta, Egypt: AAPG Bulletin, v. 93, p. 1063-1086, doi:10.1306 /05040908101.
32. Drinkwater, N. J., and K. T. Pickering, 2001, Architectural elements in a high-continuity sand-prone turbidite system, late Precambrian, Kongsfjord Formation, northern Norway: Application to hydrocarbon reservoir characterization: AAPG Bulletin, v. 85, p. 1731-1757. (Pubitemid 33045366)
33. Duerichen, E. T., and D. R. Lowe, 2007, Sedimentology and architecture of coarse-grained, submarine channel fills, Lobitos Village, Peru, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Atlas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 299-301.
34. Dykstra, M., and B. Kneller, 2007, Canyon San Fernando, Mexico: A deep-water, channel-levee complex exhibiting evolution from submarine canyon- Confined to un-confined, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Adas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 226-230.
35. Elliott, T., 2000, Depositional architecture of a sand-rich, channelized turbidite system: The Upper Carboniferous Ross Sandstone Formation, western Ireland (abs.J: SEPM, Gulf Coast Section, Research Conference, Program and Abstracts, v. 20, p. 342-373.
36. Enunwa, C, J. L. Razzano III, A. Ramgulam, P. B. Flemings, T. Ertekin, and Z. T. Karpyn, 2005, Tahoe field case study: Understanding reservoir compartmentalization in a channel-levee system: Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions, v. 55, p. 152-162.
37. Euzen, T., R. Eschard, and E. Albouy, 2007, Stratigraphic architecture of a channel complex in the midfan setting of die lower Pab basin-floor fan, north Baddho Dhora, Pakistan, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Adas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 290-295.
38. Gammon, P. R., E. Schwarz, and G. M. Ross, 2007, Architectural relationships between channels, levees, and debris flows: Isaac channel 6, Castle Creek South, lower Isaac Formation, Windermere Supergroup, British Columbia, Canada, inT. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Atlas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 102-105.
39. Gardner, M. H., and J. M. Borer, 2000, Submarine channel architecture along a slope to basin profile, Brushy Canyon Formation, west Texas, in A. H. Bouma and C. G. Stone, eds., Fine-grained turbidite systems: AAPG Memoir 72/ SEPM Special Publication 68, p. 195-214.
40. Goyeneche, J. C, R. M. Slatt, A. J. Witten, and R. Young, 2007, Outcrop characterization, 3-D geological modeling, and upscaling for reservoir simulation of Jackfork Group turbidites in the Hollywood Quarry, Arkansas, U.S.A., in T. H. Nilsen, R. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Atlas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 26-30.
41. Houseknecht, D. W., and C. J. Schenk, 2007, Outcrops of turbidite-channel facies in the Torok Formation: Reservoir analogs for die Alaska North Slope, U.S.A., in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Atlas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 373-377.
42. Hovadik, J. M., and D. K. Larue, 2007, Static characterizations of reservoirs: Refining the concepts of connectivity and continuity: Petroleum Geoscience, v. 13, p. 195- 211, doi:10.1144/1354-079305-697. (Pubitemid 47308151)
43. Joseph, P., N. Babonneau, A. Bourgeois, F. Guillocheau, and J. Seguin, 2007, Stratigraphic architecture, seismic and dynamic signature of a sand-rich turbidite ramp, Cime Dieu de Deify outcrop, Gres d'Annot Formation, France, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Adas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 174-180.
44. Kendrick, J. W., 2000, Turbidite reservoir architecture in die northern Gulf of Mexico deep water: Insights from die development of Auger, Tahoe and Ram/Powell fields, in P. Weimer, R. M. Slatt, J. Coleman, N. C . Rosen, H. Nelson, A. H. Bouma, M. J. Styzen, D. T. Lawrence, eds., Deep-water reservoirs of the world: 20th Annual Bob F. Perkins Research Conference, Gulf Coast Section-SEPM, p. 450-468.
45. King, P. R., 1990, The connectivity and conductivity of overlapping sand bodies, in A. J. Buller, ed., North Sea oil and gas reservoirs II: London, Graham & Trotman, v. 11, p. 353-362.
46. Kirschner, R. H., and A. H. Bouma, 2000, Characteristics of a distributary channel-levee-overbank system, Tanqua Karoo, in A. H. Bouma and C. G. Stone, eds., Finegrained turbidite systems: AAPG Memoir 72/SEPM Special Publication 68, p. 233-244.
47. Labourdette, R., and M. Bez, 2010, Element migration in turbidite systems: Random or systematic depositional processes?: AAPG Bulletin, v. 94, p. 345-368, doi:10.1306 /09010909035.
48. Larue, D. K., 2004, Outcrop and waterflood simulation modeling of die 100-foot channel complex, Texas, and die Ainsa II channel complex, Spain: Analogs to multistory and multilateral channelized slope reservoirs, in G. M. Grammer, P. M. Harris, and G. P. Eberli, eds., Integration of outcrop and modern analogs in reservoir modeling: AAPG Memoir 80, p. 337-364.
49. Larue, D. K., and J. Hovadik, 2006, Connectivity of channelized reservoirs: A modeling approach: Petroleum Geoscience, v. 12, p. 291-308, doi:l0.1144/1354 -079306-699. (Pubitemid 44718154)
50. Lien, T., O. J. Martinsen, and R. G. Walker, 2007, An overview of die Ross Formation, Shannon Basin, western Ireland, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Adas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 192-195.
51. Lowe, D. R., 1982, Sediment gravity flows: II. Depositional models with special reference to the deposits of high-density turbidity currents: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 52, p. 279-297.
52. Martinsen, O. J., and B. Bakken, 1990, Extensional and com-pressional zones in slumps and slides in the Namurian of County Clare, Ireland: Journal of the Geological Society (London), v. 147, p. 153-164, doi:10.1144/gsjgs .147.1.0153.
53. Martinsen, O. J., and T. Lien, 2007, Contrasting styles of slope deposition in the Gull Island Formation, Ireland, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Atlas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 210-214.
54. May, J. A., and J. E. Warme, 2007, A rare exposure of an ancient submarine canyon, Black's Beach, California, U.S.A., in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Atlas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 378-382.
55. McHargue, T., M. J. Pyrcz, M. D. Sullivan, J. D. Clark, A. Fildani, B. W. Romans, J. A. Covault, M. Levy, H. W. Posamentier, and N. J. Drinkwater, 2011, Architecture of turbidite channel systems on the continental slope: Patterns and predictions: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 28, p. 728-743, doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo .2010.07.008.
56. Meyer, L., and G. M. Ross, 2007, Channelized lobe and sheet sandstones of the upper Kaza Group basin-floor turbidite system, Castle Creek South, Windermere Supergroup, British Columbia, Canada, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Atlas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 85-88.
57. Navarre, J. C, D. Claude, and E. Liberelle, 2002, Deep-water turbidite system analysis, west Africa: Sedimentary model and implications for reservoir model construction: The Leading Edge, v. 21, p. 1132-1139, doi:10 .1190/1.1523754. (Pubitemid 35426872)
58. Navarro, L., Z. A. Khan, and R. W. C. Arnott, 2007, Architecture of a deep-water channel-levee complex: Channel 3, Castle Creek South, Isaac Formation, Windermere Supergroup, British Columbia, Canada, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Atlas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 93-96.
59. Nilsen, T. H., R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, (eds.), 2007, Atlas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, 504 p.
60. O'Byrne, C. J., M. D. Barton, G. S. Steffens, C. Pirmez, and H. Buergisser, 2007, Architecture of a laterally migrating channel complex: Channel 4, Isaac Formation, Windermere Supergroup, Castle Creek North, British Columbia, Canada, inT. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Atlas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 115-118.
61. Pettingill, H. S., and P. Weimer, 2002, Worldwide deep-water exploration and production: Past, present and future: The Leading Edge, v. 21, p. 371-376. (Pubitemid 34300457)
62. Pickering, K. T., and V. C. Hilton, 1998, Turbidite systems of soudieast France: Application to hydrocarbon prospec-tivity: London, Vallis Press, 229 p.
63. Pringle, J. K., A. R. Westerman, J. D. Clark, N. J. Drinkwater, and A. R. Gardiner, 2004, 3-D high-resolution digital models of outcrop analog study sites to constrain reservoir model uncertainty: An example from Alport Cas-teles, Derbyshire, United Kingdom: Petroleum Geosdence, v. 10, p. 343-352, doi:10.1144/1354-079303-617. (Pubitemid 39622035)
64. Pyles, D. R., 2004, On die stratigraphic evolution of a structurally confined submarine fan, Carboniferous Ross Sandstone, western Ireland: Ph.D. dissertation, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, 322 p.
65. Pyles, D. R., 2007, Architectural elements in a ponded submarine fan, Carboniferous Ross Sandstone, western Ireland, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Adas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 206-209.
66. Pyles, D. R., and R. M. Slatt, 2007, Applications to understanding shelf edge to base-of-slope changes in strati-graphic architecture of prograding basin margins: Stratigraphy of the Lewis Shale, Wyoming, U.S.A., in T. H. Nilsen, R. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Atlas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, CD-ROM, 19 p.
67. Pyles, D. R., D. C. Jennette, M. Tomasso, R. T. Beaubouef, and C. Rossen, 2010, Concepts learned from a 3-D outcrop of a sinuous slope-channel complex: Beacon channel complex, Brushy Canyon Formation, west Texas, U.S.A: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 80, p. 67-96, doi:10.2110/jsr.2010.009.
68. Ragagnin, G. M., and M. A. S. Moraes, 2008, Seismic geo-morphology and connectivity of deep-water reservoirs: Society of Petroleum Engineers Reservoir Evaluation and Engineering, v. 11, p. 686-695.
69. Romans, B. W., M. R. Shultz, S. M. Hubbard, and S. A. Graham, 2007, Fades architecture of slope-channel complexes, Tres Pasos Formation at Cerro Divisadero, Chile, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Adas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 132-135.
70. Rossen, C, and R. T. Beaubouef, 2007a, Slope-channel complexes at Guadalupe Canyon, Upper Brushy Canyon Formation, Texas, U.S.A., in T. H. Nilsen, R. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Atlas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 429-431.
71. Rossen, C, and R. T. Beaubouef, 2007b, Toe-of-slope channel complexes at Buena Vista, Upper Brushy Canyon Formation, Texas, U.S.A., in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Atlas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 450-456.
72. Santacruz, C, 2009, 3-D geological modeling and reservoir flow simulation of a leveed-channel outcrop, Lewis Shale Formation, Rattlesnake Ridge, Wyoming, with application to deep-water leveed channel reservoirs: M.S. diesis, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, 74 p.
73. Satur, N., A. Hurst, G. Kelling, B. T. Cronin, and K. Gurbuz, 2007, Components of feeder systems to a deep-water fan, Cingoz Formation at Karaisali, Turkey, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Atlas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology, p. 351-356.
74. Schwarz, E., and R. W. C. Arnott, 2007a, Anatomy and evolution of a slope-channel complex set (Neoproterozoic Isaac Formation, Windermere Supergroup, soutiiern Canadian Cordillera): Implications for reservoir characterization: Journal of Sedimentary Research, v. 77, p. 89-109, doi:10.2110/jsr.2007.015. (Pubitemid 47045079)
75. Schwarz, E., and R. W. C. Arnott, 2007b, Stratigraphic and depositional architecture of a slope-channel system: Isaac channel 5, Castle Creek South, Isaac Formation, Windermere Supergroup, British Columbia, Canada, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Adas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 97-101.
76. Shew, R., 2007a, Sheet, tihin-bed, and channel architectures in die Tourelle Formation, Ste. Anne des Monts, Gaspe Peninsula, Canada, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Adas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 73-79.
77. Shew, R. D., 2007b, Channel architectures and associated fades in die Brushy Canyon and Cherry Canyon formations, Guadalupe Mountains area, Texas, U.S.A., in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R.J. Studlick,eds., Adas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 475-484.
78. Slatt, R. M., 2006, Stratigraphic reservoir characterization for petroleum geologists, geophysicists and engineers: Handbook of petroleum exploration and production: Amsterdam, Netherlands, Elsevier, v. 6, 478 p.
79. Slatt, R. M., C. G. Stone, and P. Weimer, 2000, Characterization of slope and basin facies tracts, Jackfork Group, Arkansas, with applications to deep-water (turbidite) reservoir management (abs.j, in P. Weimer, R. M. Slatt, J. Coleman, N. C. Rosen, H. Nelson, A. H. Bouma, M.J. Styzen, and D. T. Lawrence, eds., Deep-water reservoirs of the world: 20th Annual Bob F. Perkins Research Conference, Gulf Coast Section-SEPM, p.87-103.
80. Slatt, R. M., J. Minken, S. K. Van Dyke, D. R. Pyles, A. J. Witten, and R. Young, 2007, Scales of heterogeneity of an outcropping leveed-channel deep-water system, Cretaceous Dad Sandstone Member, Lewis Shale, Wyoming, U.S.A., in T. H. Nilsen, R. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Atlas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 490-497.
81. Sprague, A. R., et al., 2002, The physical stratigraphy of deep-water strata: A hierarchical approach to the analysis of genetically related stratigraphic elements for improved reservoir prediction (abs.j: AAPG Annual Meeting, Program with Abstracts, v. 11, p. A167-A168.
82. Sprague, A. R., et al., 2005, Integrated slope-channel deposi- tional models: The key to successful prediction of reservoir presence and quality in offshore west Africa: E-Exitep, Veracruz, Mexico, Colegio de Ingenenieros Petroleros de Mexico, p. 1-13.
83. Stright, L., J. Caers, H. Li, F. Van der Vlugt, C. Pirmez, and M. Barton, 2006, Modeling, upscaling and history matching thin, irregularly shaped flow barriers: A comprehensive approach for predicting reservoir connectivity: Gulf Coast Section-SEPM Foundation Annual Bob F. Perkins Research Conference, v. 26, p. 985.
84. Sullivan, M. D., J. L. Foreman, D. C. Jennette, D. Stern, G. N. Jensen, and F. J. Goulding, 2004, An integrated approach to characterization and modeling of deep-water reservoirs, Diana field, western Gulf of Mexico, Integration of outcrop and modern analogs in reservoir modeling: AAPG Memoir 80, p. 215-234.
85. Tomasso, M., R. Bouroullec, and D. R. Pyles, 2010, The use of spectral recomposition in tailored forward seismic modeling of outcrop analogs: AAPG Bulletin, v. 94, p. 457-474.
86. Valente, A., G. Cavuoto, G. Nardi, and L. Martelli, 2007, Miocene channel-fill deposits, Tempa della Pantanella, Italy, in T. H. Nilsen, R. D. Shew, G. S. Steffens, and J. R. J. Studlick, eds., Atlas of deep-water outcrops: AAPG Studies in Geology 56, p. 218-221.
87. Walker, R. G., 1975, Nested submarine-fan channels in the Capistrano Formation, San Clemente, California: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 86, p. 915-924, doi:10 . 1130/0016-7606(1975)86915:NSCITC2.0.CO;2.