The accessibility, acceptability, health impact and cost implications of primary healthcare outlets that target injecting drug users: A narrative synthesis of literature

International Journal of Drug Policy

Volumn 23, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 94-102

  Islam, M Mofizul ^a,b   Topp, Libby ^c   Day, Carolyn A ^b,d   Dawson, Angela ^e   Conigrave, Katherine M ^b,d,f  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES   (Australia)

^b ROYAL PRINCE ALFRED HOSPITAL   (Australia)

^c UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES   (Australia)

^d UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY   (Australia)

^e UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY SYDNEY   (Australia)

^f UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES   (Australia)

Author keywords

Harm reduction; Injecting drug users; Narrative synthesis; Primary healthcare

Indexed keywords

COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH; DRUG ABUSE; EMERGENCY WARD; HARM REDUCTION; HEALTH CARE ACCESS; HEALTH CARE COST; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HEALTH CARE QUALITY; HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION; HEALTH STATUS; HUMAN; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PRIMARY HEALTH CARE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PUBLIC HEALTH; SHORT SURVEY; TERTIARY HEALTH CARE;

DELIVERY OF HEALTH CARE; DRUG USERS; HARM REDUCTION; HEALTH CARE COSTS; HEALTH POLICY; HEALTH SERVICES ACCESSIBILITY; HUMANS; PATIENT ACCEPTANCE OF HEALTH CARE; PRIMARY HEALTH CARE; SUBSTANCE ABUSE, INTRAVENOUS;

EID: 84857798690     PISSN: 09553959     EISSN: 18734758     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2011.08.005     Document Type: Short Survey

References (65)

1. Abouyanni G., Stevens L.J., Harris M.F., Wickes W.A., Ramakrishna S.S., Ta E., et al. GP attitudes to managing drug- and alcohol-dependent patients: A reluctant role. Drug and Alcohol Review 2000, 19:165-170.
2. Altice F.L., Bruce R.D., Walton M.R., Buitrago M.I. Adherence to hepatitis B virus vaccination at syringe exchange sites. Journal of Urban Health: Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine 2005, 82:151-161.
3. Anex Primary health care 2005, Vol. 4. Bulletin, Australia.
4. Ansari Z. A review of literature on access to primary health care. Australian Journal of Primary Health 2007, 13:80-95.
5. Arai L., Britten N., Popay J., Roberts H., Petticrew M., Rodgers M., et al. Testing methodological developments in the conduct of narrative synthesis: A demonstration review of research on the implementation of smoke alarm interventions. Evidence & Policy 2007, 3:361-383.
6. Arponen A., Brummer-Korvenkontio H., Liitsola K., Salminen M. Trust and free will as the keys to success for the low threshold health service centers (LTHSC) 2008, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland, Retrieved 27 December 2009 from http://www.ktl.fi/attachments/suomi/julkaisut/julkaisusarja_b/2008/2008b24.pdf.
7. Australian Primary Health Care Research Institute What is primary health care? 2005, APHCRI, Canberra, Australia, Retrieved January 2011 from http://www.anu.edu.au/aphcri/General/phc_definition.php.
8. Bergenstrom A., McLeod R., Sharma M., Mesquita F., Dorabjee J., Atun R., et al. How much will it cost? Estimation of resource needs and availability for HIV prevention, treatment and care for people who inject drugs in Asia. International Journal of Drug Policy 2010, 21:107-109.
9. Bluthenthal R.N., Kral A.H., Lorvick J., Watters J.K. Impact of law enforcement on syringe exchange programs: A look at Oakland and San Francisco. Medical Anthropology 1997, 18:61-83.
10. Burris S., Davis C.S. Blueprint for reforming access to therapeutic opioids 2008, Beasley School of Law, Temple University: Center for Health Law, Policy and Practice.
11. Campbell J.V., Garfein R.S., Thiede H., Hagan H., Ouellet L.J., Golub E.T., et al. Convenience is the key to hepatitis A and B vaccination uptake among young adult injection drug users. Drug Alcohol Depend 2007, 91(Suppl. 1):S64-S72.
12. Carr S., Goldberg D.J., Elliott L., Green S., Mackie C., Gruer L. A primary health care service for Glasgow street sex workers - 6 years experience of the " drop-in centre', 1989-1994. AIDS Care 1996, 8:489-497.
13. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 2010, 59:1488-1491.
14. Day C., Ross J., Dolan K. Hepatitis C-related discrimination among heroin users in Sydney: Drug user or hepatitis C discrimination?. Drug and Alcohol Review 2003, 22:317-321.
15. Day C.A., Islam M.M., White A., Reid S.E., Hayes S., Haber P.S. Development of a nurse-led primary healthcare service for injecting drug users in inner-city Sydney. Australian Journal of Primary Care 2011, 17:10-15.
16. Des Jarlais D.C., McKnight C., Goldblatt C., Purchase D. Doing harm reduction better: Syringe exchange in the United States. Addiction 2009, 104:1441-1446.
17. Donoghoe, M.C., Verster, A.D., Mathers, B., & Secretariat of the Reference Group to the United Nations on HIV and injecting drug use (2009). In B. Malhotra (Ed.), WHO, UNODC, UNAIDS technical guide for countries to set targets for universal access to HIV prevention, treatment and care for injecting drug users, Geneva: World Health Organization.
18. Drumm R.D., McBride D.C., Metsch L., Neufeld M., Sawatsky A. I'm a health nut!, Street drug users' accounts of self-care strategies. Journal of Drug Issues 2005, 35:607-629.
19. Eakin J.M., Mykhalovskiy E. Reframing the evaluation of qualitative health research: Reflections on a review of appraisal guidelines in the health sciences. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 2003, 9:187-194.
20. EMCDDA Direct aid and support unit of OKANA 2009, Retrieved 20 December 2009 from http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/modules/wbs/dsp_print_project_description.cfm?project_id=2647.
21. EMCDDA Low threshold service Ganslwirt, Austria 2009, Retrieved 24 December 2009 from http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/modules/wbs/dsp_print_project_description.cfm?project_id=5078.
22. EMCDDA Merchant's quay health promotion unit 2009, Retrieved 24 December 2009 from http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/modules/wbs/dsp_print_project_description.cfm?project_id=1483.
23. EMCDDA (2009d). Mountview/Blakestown Community Drug Team Ltd. Retrieved 20 December 2009 from http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/modules/wbs/dsp_print_project_description.cfm%3Fproject_id=5918.
24. EMCDDA (2009e). A syringe exchange programme for HIV prevention among intravenous drug users in Malmö, Sweden. Retrieved 20 December 2009 from http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/modules/wbs/dsp_print_project_description.cfm?project_id=371.
25. French M.T., McGeary K.A., Chitwood D.D., McCoy C.B. Chronic illicit drug use, health services utilization and the cost of medical care. Social Science & Medicine 2000, 50:1703-1713.
26. Friedmann P.D., Zhang Z., Hendrickson J., Stein M.D., Gerstein D.R. Effect of primary medical care on addiction and medical severity in substance abuse treatment programs. Journal of General Internal Medicine 2003, 18:1-8.
27. Gerada C., Orgel M., Strang J. Health clinics for problem drug misusers. Health Trends 1992, 24:68-69.
28. Harris H.W., Young D.M. Care of injection drug users with soft tissue infections in San Francisco, California. Archives of Surgery 2002, 137:1217-1222.
29. IKHLAS The IKHLAS drop-in centre (drug user programme) 2009, Retrieved 29 December 2009 from http://www.ptfmalaysia.org/Ikhlas.htm.
30. Islam M.M., Day C.A., Conigrave K.M. Harm reduction healthcare: From an alternative to the mainstream platform?. International Journal of Drug Policy 2010, 21:131-133.
31. Islam M.M., Grummett S., White A., Reid S.E., Day C.A., Haber P.S. A primary healthcare clinic in a needle syringe program may contribute to HIV prevention by early detection of incident HIV in an injecting drug user. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 2011, 35:294-295.
32. Islam M.M., Hayes S., White A., Day C., Reid S., Grummet S., et al. Assessment for hepatitis C treatment and referral uptake by IDUs attending a harm reduction based primary healthcare. 7th Australian viral hepatitis conference 2010.
33. Kwan L., Ho C.J., Preston C., Le V. Puentes clinic: An integrated model for the primary care of vulnerable populations. The Permanente Journal 2008, 12:10-15.
34. Latt N., Conigrave K., Saunders J.B., Marshall E.J., Nutt D. Addiction medicine 2009, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
35. Lauretta E., Grau L.E., Arevalo S., Catchpool C., Heimer R. Expanding harm reduction services through a wound and abscess clinic. American Journal of Public Health 2002, 92:1915-1917.
36. Lucas P.J., Baird J., Arai L., Law C., Roberts H.M. Worked examples of alternative methods for the synthesis of qualitative and quantitative research in systematic reviews. BMC Medical Research Methodology 2007, 7:4.
37. Mathers B.M., Degenhardt L., Ali H., Wiessing L., Hickman M., Mattick R.P., et al. HIV prevention, treatment, and care services for people who inject drugs: A systematic review of global, regional, and national coverage. Lancet 2010, 375:1014-1028.
38. McCoy C.B., Metsch L., Chitwood D.D., Miles C. Drug use and barriers to use of health care services. Substance Use & Misuse 2001, 36:789-806.
39. McDonald P. Prom streets to sidewalks: Developments in primary care services for injecting drug users. Australian Journal of Primary Health 2002, 8:65-69.
40. McLellan A.T., Arndt I.O., Metzger D.S., Woody G.E., O'Brien C.P. The effects of psychosocial services in substance abuse treatment. JAMA 1993, 269:1953-1959.
41. Merrill J.O., Rhodes L.A., Deyo R.A., Marlatt G.A., Bradley K.A. Mutual mistrust in the medical care of drug users: The keys to the " narc" cabinet. Journal of General Internal Medicine 2002, 17:327-333.
42. Morrison A., Elliott L., Gruer L. Injecting-related harm and treatment-seeking behaviour among injecting drug users. Addiction 1997, 92:1349-1352.
43. Morrison C.L., Ruben S.M. The development of healthcare services for drug misusers and prostitutes. Postgraduate Medical Journal 1995, 71:593-597.
44. Mund P.A., Heller D., Meissner P., Matthews D.W., Hill M., Cunningham C.O. Delivering care out of the box: the evolution of an HIV harm reduction medical program. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved 2008, 19:944-951.
45. Norman J., Mugavin J., Swan A. Evaluation of the primary health services 2006, Turning Point Alcohol and Drug Centre, Fitzroy, Victoria.
46. Palepu A., Tyndall M.W., Leon H., Muller J., O'Shaughnessy M.V., Schechter M.T., et al. Hospital utilization and costs in a cohort of injection drug users. Canadian Medical Association Journal 2001, 165:415-420.
47. Pollack H.A., Khoshnood K., Blankenship K.M., Altice F.L. The impact of needle exchange-based health services on emergency department use. Journal of General Internal Medicine 2002, 17:341-348.
48. Popay, J., Roberts, H., Sowden, A., Petticrew, M., Arai, L., Rodgers, M., et al. (2006). Guidance on the conduct of narrative synthesis in systematic reviews. Final Report Lancaster, Institute of Health Research, Lancaster: ESRC Methods Programme.
49. Riddell, S., Shanahan, M., Roxburgh, A., & Degenhardt, L. (2007). The cost of drug related hospital stays in Australia, 1999-2005. NDARC Technical Report Number 285. Sydney: National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales.
50. Ross D., Lo F., McKim R., Allan G.M. A primary care/multidisciplinary harm reduction clinic including opiate bridging. Substance Use & Misuse 2008, 43:1628-1639.
51. Rowe J. Needles and syringes to care and counselling: The need for innovative primary health care to meet the needs of street-based injecting drug users. Australian Journal of Primary Health 2004, 10:49-55.
52. Rowe J. Access health: Providing primary health care to vulnerable and marginalised populations - A practice paper. Australian Journal of Primary Health 2005, 11:32-37.
53. Saitz R., Horton N.J., Larson M.J., Winter M., Samet J.H. Primary medical care and reductions in addiction severity: A prospective cohort study. Addiction 2005, 100:70-78.
54. Silins E., Conigrave K.M., Rakvin C., Dobbins T., Curry K. The influence of structured education and clinical experience on the attitudes of medical students towards substance misusers. Drug and Alcohol Review 2007, 26:191-200.
55. Singh M. A harm reduction programme for injecting drug users in Nepal 1997, Retrieved 10 November 2009 from http://www.kit.nl/exchange/html/1997_2_a_harm_reduction_progra.asp.
56. Singh M. Harm reduction and street-based program: looking into Nepal. Substance Use & Misuse 1998, 33:1069-1074.
57. Stein M., Samet J. The linkage of primary care services with substance abuse treatment: New opportunities for academic generalists. Journal of General Internal Medicine 1993, 8:106-107.
58. Teesson M., Hall W., Lynskey M., Degenhardt L. Alcohol- and drug-use disorders in Australia: Implications of the National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing. The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 2000, 34:206-213.
59. UNAIDS. (1999). UNAIDS best practice collection: drug user programme, Ikhlas Community Centre, Pink Triangle, Malaysia. Retrieved 15 October 2009 from http://www.greenstone.org/greenstone3/nzdl?a=d&c=unaids&d=HASH4a2403552a02d729115e57.1&sib=1&p.a=q&p.sa=&p.s=TextQuery&p.c=unaids.
60. van Beek I. Case study: Accessible primary health care-a foundation to improve health outcomes for people who inject drugs. International Journal of Drug Policy 2007, 18:329-332.
61. Weigl M., Busch M., Eggerth A., Horvath I., Knaller C., Türscherl E., et al. Report on the drug situation 2009, Retrieved 20 December 2009 from http://www.goeg.at/media/download/berichte/DrugSituation2009_Austria.pdf.
62. Weisner C., Mertens J., Parthasarathy S., Moore C., Lu Y. Integrating primary medical care with addiction treatment: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2001, 286:1715-1723.
63. World Health Organization Best practice in HIV/AIDS prevention and care for injecting drug abusers 2004, The Triangular Clinic in Kermanshah, Islamic Republic of Iran. Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo.
64. World Health Organization Management of common health problems of drug users 2009, WHO, New Delhi, Retrieved 15 July 2011 from http://www.searo.who.int/en/Section10/Section18/Section356_4609.htm.
65. Wright N.M., Tompkins C.N. How can health services effectively meet the health needs of homeless people?. The British Journal of General Practice: The Journal of the Royal College of General 2006, 56:286-293.