In situ determination of iron(II) in the anoxic zone of the central Baltic Sea using ferene as spectrophotometric reagent

Marine Chemistry

Volumn 130-131, Issue , 2012, Pages 21-27

  Meyer, David ^a   Prien, Ralf D ^a   Dellwig, Olaf ^a   Connelly, Douglas P ^b   Schulz Bull, Detlef E ^a  

^a LEIBNIZ INSTITUTE FOR BALTIC SEA RESEARCH   (Germany)

^b NATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHY CENTRE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Ferene; In situ measurements; Iron(II) sensor; Redoxcline; Seawater; Speciation

Indexed keywords

ABSORBANCE; ANOXIC CONDITIONS; CLINE; COLORIMETRY; IN SITU MEASUREMENT; IRON; REDOX CONDITIONS; SAMPLING; SEAWATER; SENSOR; SPECIATION (CHEMISTRY); SPECTROPHOTOMETRY; WATER CHEMISTRY; WATER COLUMN;

ATLANTIC OCEAN; BALTIC SEA;

EID: 84857518416     PISSN: 03044203     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.marchem.2011.12.002     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Achterberg E.P., Holland T.W., Bowie A., Mantoura R., Worsfold P. Determination of iron in seawater. Anal. Chim. Acta 2001, 442:1-14.
2. Albrechtsen H.J., Christensen T.H. Evidence for microbial iron reduction in a landfill leachate-polluted aquifer (Vejen, Denmark). Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1994, 60:3920-3925.
3. Artiss J.D., Vinogradov S., Zak B. Spectrophotometric study of several sensitive reagents for serum iron. Clin. Biochem. 1981, 14:311-315.
4. Baker A.R., Croot P.L. Atmospheric and marine controls on aerosol iron solubility in seawater. Mar. Chem. 2010, 120:4-13.
5. Bennett S.A., Achterberg E.P., Connelly D.P., Statham P.J., Fones G.R., German C.R. The distribution and stabilisation of dissolved Fe in deep-sea hydrothermal plumes. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2008, 270:157-167.
6. Bowie A.R., Achterberg E.P., Sedwick P.N., Ussher S., Worsfold P.J. Real-time monitoring of picomolar concentrations of iron(II) in marine waters using automated flow injection-chemiluminescence instrumentation. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2002, 36:4600-4607.
7. Brügmann L., Hallberg R., Larsson C. Trace metal speciation in sea and pore water of the Gotland Deep, Baltic Sea, 1994. Appl. Geochem. 1998, 13:359-368.
8. Canfield D.E., Thamdrup B., Hansen J.W. The anaerobic degradation of organic matter in Danish coastal sediments: iron reduction, manganese reduction and sulfate reduction. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1993, 57:3867-3885.
9. Chapin T.P., Jannasch H.W., Johnson K.S. In situ osmotic analyzer for the year-long continiuous determination of Fe in hydrothermal systems. Anal. Chim. Acta 2002, 463:265-274.
10. Chin C.S., Coale K.H., Elrod V.A., Johnson K.S., Massoth G.J., Baker E.T. In situ observations of dissolved iron and manganese in hydrothermal vent plumes, Juan de Fuca Ridge. J. Geophys. Res. 1994, 99:4969-4984.
11. Coleman M.L., Hedrick D.B., Lovley D.R., White D.C., Pye K. Reduction of Fe(III) in sediments by sulphate-reducing bacteria. Nature 1993, 361:436-438.
12. Croot P.L., Hunter K.A. Determination of Fe(II) and total iron in natural waters with 3-(2-pyridyl)-5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazine (PDT). Anal. Chim. Acta 2000, 406:289-302.
13. Croot P.L., Laan P. Continuous shipboard determination of Fe(II) in Polar waters using flow injection analysis with chemiluminescence detection. Anal. Chim. Acta 2002, 466:261-273.
14. Croot P.L., Bluhm K., Schlosser C., Streu P., Breitbarth E., Frew R., van Ardelan M. Regeneration of Fe(II) during EIFeX and SOFeX. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2008, 35(19):L19606. 10.1029/2008GL035063.
15. de Jong J.T.M., Boye M., Schoemann V.F., Scholting R.F., de Baar H.J.W. Shipboard techniques based on flow injection analysis for measuring dissolved Fe, Mn and Al in seawater. J. Environ. Monit. 2000, 2:496-502.
16. Dellwig O., Leipe T., März C., Glockzin M., Pollehne F., Schnetger B., Yakushev E.V., Böttcher M.E., Brumsack H.J. A new particulate Mn-Fe-P-shuttle at the redoxcline of anoxic basins. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2010, 74:7100-7115. 10.1016/j.gca.2010.09.017.
17. Dellwig O., Schnetger B., Brumsack H.J., Grossart H.P., Umlauf L. Dissolved reactive manganese at pelagic redoxclines (part II): hydrodynamic conditions for accumulation. J. Mar. Syst. 2011, 90:31-41. 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2011.08.007.
18. Geider R.J., Roche J.L. The role of iron in phytoplankton photosynthesis, and the potential for iron-limitation of primary productivity in the sea. Photosynth. Res. 1994, 39:275-301.
19. Grasshoff K. The Hydrochemistry of Landlocked Basins and Fjords. Chemical Oceanography 1975, 456-593. Academic Press, London. J.P. Riley, G. Skirrow (Eds.).
20. Grasshoff K., Kremling K., Ehrhardt M. Methods of Seawater Analysis 1999, WILEY-VCH, Weinheim. 3rd edition.
21. Hansard S.P., Landing W.M. Determination of iron(II) in acidified seawater samples by luminol chemiluminescence. Limnol. Oceanogr. Methods 2009, 7:222-234.
22. Hanson K.H. A New In Situ Chemical Analyzer for Mapping Coastal Nutrient Distributions in Real Time. MTS/IEEE Oceans Conference 2000, 1975-1982.
23. Hennessy D.J., Reid G.R., Smith F.E., Thompson S.L. Ferene - a new spectrophotometric reagent for iron. Can. J. Chem. 1984, 62:721-724.
24. Jost G., Clement B., Pakhomova S.V., Yakushev E.V. Field studies of anoxic conditions in the Baltic Sea during the cruise of R/V Professor Albrecht Penck in July 2006. Oceanology 2007, 47:590-593.
25. Keeling R.F., Körtzinger A., Gruber N. Ocean deoxygenation in a warming world. Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci. 2009, 2:199-229.
26. 2 change: the iron hypothesis. Paleoceanography 1990, 5:1-13.
27. Martin J.H., Fitzwater S.E. Iron deficiency limits phytoplankton growth in the north-east Pacific subarctic. Nature 1988, 331:341-343.
28. Martin J.H., Coale K.H., Johnson K.S., Fitzwater S.E., Gordon R.M., Tanner S.J., Hunter C.N., Elrod V.A., Nowicki J.L., Coley T.L., Barber R.T., Lindley S., Watson A.J., Scoy K.V., Law C.S., Liddicoat M.I., Ling R., Stanton T., Stockel J., Collins C., Anderson A., Bidigare R., Ondrusek M., Latasa M., Millero F.J., Lee K., Yao W., Zhang J.Z., Friederich G., Sakamoto C., Chavez F., Buck K., Kolber Z., Greene R., Falkowski P., Chisholm S.W., Hoge F., Swift R., Yungel J., Turner S., Nightingale P., Hatton A., Liss P., Tindale N.W. Testing the iron hypothesis in ecosystems of the equatorial Pacific Ocean. Nature 1994, 371:123-129.
29. Millero F.J. The effect of ionic interactions on the oxidation of metals in natural waters. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1985, 49:547-553.
30. 2 in seawater. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1989, 53:1867-1873.
31. Millero F.J., Sotolongo S., Izaguirre M. The oxidation kinetics of Fe(II) in seawater. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1987, 51:793-801.
32. Millero F.J., Yao W., Aicher J. The speciation of Fe(II) and Fe(III) in natural waters. Mar. Chem. 1995, 50:21-39.
33. Morse J.W., Millero F.J., Cornwell J.C., Rickard D. The chemistry of the hydrogen sulfide and iron sulfide systems in natural waters. Earth Sci. Rev. 1987, 24:1-42.
34. Nealson K.H., Saffarini D. Iron and manganese in anaerobic respiration: environmental significance, physiology, and regulation. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 1994, 48:311-343.
35. Neretin L.N., Pohl C., Jost G., Leipe T., Pollehne F. Manganese cycling in the Gotland Deep, Baltic Sea. Mar. Chem. 2003, 82:125-143.
36. Páscoa R.N.M.J., Clement B., Pakhomova S.V., Yakushev E.V. A multi-syringe flow injection system for the spectrophotometric determination of trace levels of iron in waters using a liquid waveguide capillary cell and different chelating resins and reaction chemistries. Microchem. J. 2009, 93:153-158.
37. Perret D., Gaillard J.F., Dominik J., Atteiall O. The diversity of natural hydrous iron oxides. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2000, 34:3540-3546.
38. Piker L.P., Schmaljohann R., Imhoff J.F. Dissimilatory sulfate reduction and methane production in Gotland Deep sediments (Baltic Sea) during a transition period from oxic to anoxic bottom water (1993-1996). Aquat. Microb. Ecol. 1998, 14:183-193.
39. Pohl C., Hennings U. The effect of redox processes on the partitioning of Cd, Pb, Cu and Mn between dissolved and particulate phases in the Baltic Sea. Mar. Chem. 1999, 65:41-53.
40. Postma D. Formation of siderite and vivianite and the pore-water composition of a recent bog sediment in Denmark. Chem. Geol. 1981, 31:225-244.
41. Prien R.D. The future of chemical in situ sensors. Mar. Chem. 2007, 107:422-432.
42. Prien R.D., Connelly D.P., German C. In Situ Chemical Analyser for the Determination of Dissolved Fe(II) and Mn(II). EOS Trans. AGU 87, Ocean Science Meeting Supplement, Abstract OS44B-06 2006.
43. Roden E.E., Zachara J.M. Microbial reduction of crystalline iron(III) oxides: influence of oxide surface area and potential for cell growth. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1996, 30:1618-1628.
44. Santana-Casiano J.M., González-Dávila M., Rodriguez M.J., Millero F.J. The effect of organic compounds in the oxidation kinetics of Fe(II). Mar. Chem. 2000, 70:211-222.
45. Santana-Casiano J.M., González-Dávila M., Millero F.J. Oxidation of nanomolar levels of Fe(II) with oxygen in natural waters. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2005, 39:2073-2079.
46. Sarradin P.M., LeBris N., Gall C., Rodier P. Fe analysis by the ferrozine method: adaption to FIA towards in situ analysis in hydrothermal environment. Talanta 2005, 66:1131-1138.
47. Stookey L.L. Ferrozine - a new spectrophotometric reagent for iron. Anal. Chem. 1970, 42:779-782.
48. Strady E., Pohl C., Yakushev E.V., Krüger S., Hennings U. PUMP-CTD-system for trace metal sampling with a high vertical resolution. A test in the Gotland Basin, Baltic Sea. Chemosphere 2008, 70:1309-1319.
49. Stumm W., Morgan J.J. Aquatic Chemistry 1995, Wiley, New York. 3rd edition.
50. Sunda W.G., Huntsman S.A. Iron uptake and growth limitation in oceanic and coastal phytoplankton. Mar. Chem. 1995, 50:189-206.
51. Timmermans K.R., Stolte W., de Barr H.J.W. Iron-mediated effects on nitrate reductase in marine phytoplankton. Mar. Biol. 1994, 121:389-396.
52. Turnewitsch R., Pohl C. An estimate of the efficiency of the iron- and manganese-driven dissolved inorganic phosphorus trap at an oxic/euxinic water column redoxcline. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 2010, 24:1-15.
53. Vuillemin R., Roux D.L., Dorval P., Bucas K., Sudreau J.P., Hamon M., Call C.L., Sarradin P.M. Chemini: a new in situ chemical miniaturized analyzer. Deep Sea Res. Part I 2009, 56:1391-1399.
54. Waite T.D. Thermodynamics of the Iron System in Seawater. The Biogeochemistry of Iron in Seawater 2001, 291-342. Wiley, Chichester. D.R. Turner, K.A. Hunter (Eds.).
55. Waterbury R.D., Yao W., Byrne R.H. Long pathlength absorbance spectroscopy: trace analysis of Fe(II) using a 4.5m liquid core waveguide. Anal. Chim. Acta 1997, 357:99-102.
56. 2. Nature 2000, 407:730-733.
57. Wells M.L., Price N.M., Bruland K.W. Iron chemistry in seawater and its relationship to phytoplankton: a workshop report. Mar. Chem. 1995, 48:157-182.
58. Yücel M., Gartman A., Chan C.S., G.W.L. Hydrothermal vents as a kinetically stable source of iron-sulphide-bearing nanoparticles to the ocean. Nat. Geosci. 2011, 4:367-371.
59. Zhang J.-Z., Kelble C., Millero F.J. Gas-segmented continuous flow analysis of iron in water with a long liquid wavegudie capillary flow cell. Anal. Chim. Acta 2001, 438:49-57.