Repeat syphilis among men who have sex with men in California 2002-2006: Implications for syphilis elimination efforts

American Journal of Public Health

Volumn 102, Issue 1, 2012, Pages

  Cohen, Stephanie E ^a   Ng, Rilene A Chew ^b   Katz, Kenneth A ^c   Bernstein, Kyle T ^d   Samuel, Michael C ^b   Kerndt, Peter R ^e   Bolan, Gail ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b STD Control Branch   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA COOPERATIVE EXTENSION   (United States)

^d SAN FRANCISCO DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^e STD Program   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; HOMOSEXUALITY; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; MALE; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; RACE; RECURRENT DISEASE; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; RISK; SEXUALITY; STATISTICAL MODEL; STATISTICS; SYPHILIS; TIME; UNITED STATES;

ADULT; CALIFORNIA; CONTINENTAL POPULATION GROUPS; HIV INFECTIONS; HOMOSEXUALITY, MALE; HUMANS; LOGISTIC MODELS; MALE; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; ODDS RATIO; RECURRENCE; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SEXUAL PARTNERS; SYPHILIS; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 84857324955     PISSN: 00900036     EISSN: 15410048     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300383     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Sexually Transmitted Diseases in California, 2008. Richmond, CA: California Dept of Public Health, STD Control Branch; 2009.
2. Zetola NM, Klausner JD. Syphilis and HIV infection: an update. Clin Infect Dis. 2007;44(9):1222-1228. (Pubitemid 46651249)
3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Trends in primary and secondary syphilis and HIV infections in men who have sex with men-San Francisco and Los Angeles, California, 1998-2002. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2004;53(26):575-578.
4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Primary and secondary syphilis-United States, 2003-2004. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2006;55:269-273.
5. Heffelfinger JD, Swint EB, Berman SM, Weinstock HS. Trends in primary and secondary syphilis among men who have sex with men in the United States. Am J Public Health. 2007;97(6):1076-1083. (Pubitemid 351181931)
6. Fenton KA. A multilevel approach to understanding the resurgence and evolution of infectious syphilis in Western Europe. Euro Surveill. 2004;9(12):3-4.
7. Buchacz K, Klausner JD, Kerndt PR, et al. HIV incidence among men diagnosed with early syphilis in Atlanta, San Francisco, and Los Angeles, 2004 to 2005. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2008;47(2):234-240. (Pubitemid 351172192)
8. Taylor MM, Hawkins K, Gonzalez A, et al. Use of the serologic testing algorithm for recent HIV seroconversion (STARHS) to identify recently acquired HIV infections in men with early syphilis in Los Angeles county. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2005;38(5):505-508. (Pubitemid 40524471)
9. Fleming DT, Wasserheit JN. From epidemiological synergy to public health policy and practice: the contribution of other sexually transmitted diseases to sexual transmission of HIV infection. Sex Transm Infect. 1999; 75(1):3-17. (Pubitemid 29117474)
10. Palacios R, Jimenez-Onate F, Aguilar M, et al. Impact of syphilis infection on HIV viral load and CD4 cell counts in HIV-infected patients. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2007;44(3):356-359. (Pubitemid 46328355)
11. Buchacz K, Patel P, Taylor M, et al. Syphilis increases HIV viral load and decreases CD4 cell counts in HIVinfected patients with new syphilis infections. AIDS. 2004;18(15):2075-2079. (Pubitemid 39463361)
12. Thomas JC, Tucker MJ. The development and use of the concept of a sexually transmitted disease core. J Infect Dis. 1996;174(suppl 2):S134-S143. (Pubitemid 26326151)
13. Ghani AC, Garnett GP. Risks of acquiring and transmitting sexually transmitted diseases in sexual partner networks. Sex Transm Dis. 2000;27(10):579-587.
14. Phipps W, Kent CK, Kohn R, Klausner JD. Risk factors for repeat syphilis in men who have sex with men, San Francisco. Sex Transm Dis. 2009;36(6):331-335.
15. Katz KA, Lee MA, Gray T, Marcus JL, Pierce EF. Repeat syphilis among men who have sex with men-San Diego county, 2004-2009. Sex Transm Dis. 2011;38 (4):349-352.
16. Ogilvie GS, Taylor DL, Moniruzzaman A, et al. A population-based study of infectious syphilis rediagnosis in British Columbia, 1995-2005. Clin Infect Dis. 2009;48(11):1554-1558.
17. Brewer TH, Peterman TA, Newman DR, Schmitt K. Reinfections during the Florida syphilis epidemic, 2000- 2008. Sex Transm Dis. 2011;38(1):12-17.
18. Ciesielski C. Repeat syphilis infection in MSM, 2000-2005. Paper presented at: National STD Prevention Conference, May 8-11, 2006, Jacksonville, FL.
19. Newbern EC, Anschuetz G, Salmon M, Asbel L. Syphilis again and again-syphilis re-infection in Philadelphia, 2002-2009. Paper presented at: National STD Prevention Conference, March 8-11, 2010, Atlanta, GA.
20. Workowski KA, Berman SM. Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, 2006. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2006;55(RR-11):1-94.
21. Aberg JA, Kaplan JE, Libman H, et al. Primary care guidelines for the management of persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus: 2009 update by the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2009;49(5):651-681.
22. Cal Code Regs §§ 2500, 2505 (2011).
23. California Gonorrhea Surveillance System Quarterly Summary Data Tables for Cases Diagnosed From January 1-December 31, 2008. Richmond, CA: California Dept of Public Health, STD Control Branch; 2009.
24. Xia Q, Molitor F, Osmond DH, et al. Knowledge of sexual partner's HIV serostatus and serosorting practices in a California population-based sample of men who have sex with men. AIDS. 2006;20(16):2081-2089. (Pubitemid 44611061)
25. McConnell JJ, Bragg L, Shiboski S, Grant RM. Sexual seroadaptation: lessons for prevention and sex research from a cohort of HIV-positive men who have sex with men. PLoS ONE. 2010;5(1):e8831.
26. Eaton LA, Kalichman SC, Cain DN, et al. Serosorting sexual partners and risk for HIV among men who have sex with men. Am J Prev Med. 2007;33(6):479-485. (Pubitemid 350088357)
27. McClelland RS, Lavreys L, Katingima C, et al. Contribution of HIV-1 infection to acquisition of sexually transmitted disease: a 10-year prospective study. J Infect Dis. 2005;191(3):333-338. (Pubitemid 40139757)
28. Marcus JL, Katz KA, Bernstein KT, Nieri G, Philip SS. Syphilis testing behavior following diagnosis with early syphilis among men who have sex with men-San Francisco, 2005-2008. Sex Transm Dis. 2011;38(1): 24-29.
29. Horberg MA, Ranatunga DK, Quesenberry CP, Klein DB, Silverberg MJ. Syphilis epidemiology and clinical outcomes in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected patients in Kaiser Permanente northern California. Sex Transm Dis. 2010;37(1):53-58.
30. Peterman TA, Kahn RH, Ciesielski CA, et al. Misclassification of the stages of syphilis: implications for surveillance. Sex Transm Dis. 2005;32(3):144-149. (Pubitemid 40271266)
31. Ghanem KG, Erbelding EJ, Wiener ZS, Rompalo AM. Serological response to syphilis treatment in HIVpositive and HIV-negative patients attending sexually transmitted diseases clinics. Sex Transm Infect. 2007;83 (2):97-101. (Pubitemid 46713595)
32. Rolfs RT, Joesoef MR, Hendershot EF, et al. A randomized trial of enhanced therapy for early syphilis in patients with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection. N Engl J Med. 1997;337(5):307-314. (Pubitemid 27318992)
33. Millett GA, Flores SA, Peterson JL, Bakeman R. Explaining disparities in HIV infection among black and white men who have sex with men: a meta-analysis of HIV risk behaviors. AIDS. 2007;21(15):2083-2091. (Pubitemid 47462158)
34. Aral SO, Lipshutz J, Blanchard J. Drivers of STD/HIV epidemiology and the timing and targets of STD/HIV prevention. Sex Transm Infect. 2007;83(suppl 1): i1-i4. (Pubitemid 47242466)
35. Laumann EO, Youm Y. Racial/ethnic group differences in the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases in the United States: a network explanation. Sex Transm Dis. 1999;26(5):250-261.
36. Raymond HF, McFarland W. Racial mixing and HIV risk among men who have sex with men. AIDS Behav. 2009;13(4):630-637.
37. Aral SO. Patterns of sexual mixing: mechanisms for or limits to the spread of STIs? Sex Transm Infect. 2000;76(6):415-416. (Pubitemid 32055916)
38. Mimiaga MJ, Reisner SL, Cranston K, et al. Sexual mixing patterns and partner characteristics of black MSM in Massachusetts at increased risk for HIV infection and transmission. J Urban Health. 2009;86(4):602-623.
39. Eaton LA, Kalichman SC, Cherry C. Sexual partner selection and HIV risk reduction among black and white men who have sex with men. Am J Public Health. 2010;100(3):503-509.
40. Mimiaga MJ, Reisner SL, Bland S, et al. Health system and personal barriers resulting in decreased utilization of HIV and STD testing services among at-risk black men who have sex with men in Massachusetts. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2009;23(10):825-835.
41. Johnson CV, Mimiaga MJ, Reisner SL, et al. Health care access and sexually transmitted infection screening frequency among at-risk Massachusetts men who have sex with men. Am J Public Health. 2009;99(suppl 1): S187-S192.
42. Fenton KA, Breban R, Vardavas R, et al. Infectious syphilis in high-income settings in the 21st century. Lancet Infect Dis. 2008;8(4):244-253. (Pubitemid 351391990)
43. Koumans EH, Farley TA, Gibson JJ, et al. Characteristics of persons with syphilis in areas of persisting syphilis in the United States: sustained transmission associated with concurrent partnerships. Sex Transm Dis. 2001;28(9):497-503. (Pubitemid 32852653)
44. Aral SO. Just one more day: the gap as population level determinant and risk factor for STI spread. Sex Transm Dis. 2008;35(5):445-446. (Pubitemid 351670559)
45. Gray RT, Hoare A, Prestage GP, Donovan B, Kaldor JM, Wilson DP. Frequent testing of highly sexually active gay men is required to control syphilis. Sex Transm Dis. 2010;37(5):298-305.