메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 43, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 511-535

Generic concepts in parmelioid lichens, and the phylogenetic value of characters used in their circumscription

Author keywords

chemotaxonomy; Lecanoromycetes; molecular systematics; Parmeliaceae; taxonomy

Indexed keywords


EID: 84857322343     PISSN: 00242829     EISSN: 10961135     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0024282911000570     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (48)

References (164)
  • 5
    • 84857261614 scopus 로고
    • Special committee for lichenes
    • Ahlner, S. (1954) Special Committee for Lichenes. Taxon 3: 235-240.
    • (1954) Taxon , vol.3 , pp. 235-240
    • Ahlner, S.1
  • 6
    • 5844421312 scopus 로고
    • Parmelia olivacea and the allied nonisidiate and non-sorediate corticolous lichens in the Northern Hemisphere
    • Ahti, T. (1966) Parmelia olivacea and the allied nonisidiate and non-sorediate corticolous lichens in the Northern Hemisphere. Acta Botanica Fennica 70: 1-68.
    • (1966) Acta Botanica Fennica , vol.70 , pp. 1-68
    • Ahti, T.1
  • 7
    • 77954496101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The morphologically deviating genera Omphalodiella and Placoparmelia belong to Xanthoparmelia (Parmeliaceae)
    • Amo de Paz, G., Lumbsch, H. T., Cubas, P., Elix, J. A. & Crespo, A. (2010a) The morphologically deviating genera Omphalodiella and Placoparmelia belong to Xanthoparmelia (Parmeliaceae). Bryologist 113: 376-386.
    • (2010) Bryologist , vol.113 , pp. 376-386
    • Amo De Paz, G.1    Lumbsch, H.T.2    Cubas, P.3    Elix, J.A.4    Crespo, A.5
  • 8
    • 77954713665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The genus Karoowia (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota) includes unrelated clades nested within Xanthoparmelia
    • Amo de Paz, G., Lumbsch, H. T., Cubas, P., Elix, J. A. & Crespo, A. (2010b) The genus Karoowia (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota) includes unrelated clades nested within Xanthoparmelia. Australian Systematic Botany 23: 173-184.
    • (2010) Australian Systematic Botany , vol.23 , pp. 173-184
    • Amo De Paz, G.1    Lumbsch, H.T.2    Cubas, P.3    Elix, J.A.4    Crespo, A.5
  • 9
    • 84857291053 scopus 로고
    • Genus Parmelia. Tokyo: Research Institute for Natural Resources
    • Asahina, Y. (1952) Lichens of Japan. Vol. 2. Genus Parmelia. Tokyo: Research Institute for Natural Resources.
    • (1952) Lichens of Japan , vol.2
    • Asahina, Y.1
  • 12
    • 0014243809 scopus 로고
    • Cell wall chemistry, morphogenesis, and taxonomy of fungi
    • Bartnicki-Garcia, S. (1968) Cell wall chemistry, morphogenesis, and taxonomy of fungi. Annual Review of Microbiology 22: 87-108.
    • (1968) Annual Review of Microbiology , vol.22 , pp. 87-108
    • Bartnicki-Garcia, S.1
  • 13
    • 0002040883 scopus 로고
    • Vegetative strukturen der parmeliaceae und ihre entwicklung
    • Beltman, H. A. (1978) Vegetative Strukturen der Parmeliaceae und ihre Entwicklung. Bibliotheca Lichenologica 11: 1-193.
    • (1978) Bibliotheca Lichenologica , vol.11 , pp. 1-193
    • Beltman, H.A.1
  • 14
    • 84857242905 scopus 로고
    • A monograph of the genus Parmelia in North America, north of Mexico
    • Berry, E. C. (1941) A monograph of the genus Parmelia in North America, north of Mexico. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 28: 31-146.
    • (1941) Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden , vol.28 , pp. 31-146
    • Berry, E.C.1
  • 15
    • 2442478065 scopus 로고
    • Zur morphologie und systematic von parmelia, untergattung hypogymnia
    • Bitter, G. (1901) Zur Morphologie und Systematic von Parmelia, untergattung Hypogymnia. Hedwigia 40: 171-274.
    • (1901) Hedwigia , vol.40 , pp. 171-274
    • Bitter, G.1
  • 16
    • 4944236506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A molecular phylogeny and a new classification of parmelioid lichens containing Xanthoparmelia-type lichenan (Ascomycota: Lecanorales)
    • Blanco,O., Crespo, A., Elix, J. A.,Hawksworth,D. L. & Lumbsch, H. T. (2004a) A molecular phylogeny and a new classification of parmelioid lichens containing Xanthoparmelia-type lichenan (Ascomycota: Lecanorales). Taxon 53: 959-975.
    • (2004) Taxon , vol.53 , pp. 959-975
    • Blanco, O.1    Crespo, A.2    Elix, J.A.3    Hawksworth, D.L.4    Lumbsch, H.T.5
  • 17
    • 4544227012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Melanelixia and Melanohalea, two new genera segregated from Melanelia (Parmeliaceae) based on molecular and morphological data
    • Blanco, O., Crespo, A., Divakar, P. K., Esslinger, T. L., Hawksworth, D. L. & Lumbsch, H. T. (2004b) Melanelixia and Melanohalea, two new genera segregated from Melanelia (Parmeliaceae) based on molecular and morphological data. Mycological Research 108: 873-884.
    • (2004) Mycological Research , vol.108 , pp. 873-884
    • Blanco, O.1    Crespo, A.2    Divakar, P.K.3    Esslinger, T.L.4    Hawksworth, D.L.5    Lumbsch, H.T.6
  • 18
    • 19444366827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular phylogeny of parmotremoid lichens (Ascomycota, Parmeliaceae)
    • Blanco, O., Crespo, A., Divakar, P. K., Elix, J. A. & Lumbsch, H.T. (2005) Molecular phylogeny of parmotremoid lichens (Ascomycota, Parmeliaceae). Mycologia 97: 150-159.
    • (2005) Mycologia , vol.97 , pp. 150-159
    • Blanco, O.1    Crespo, A.2    Divakar, P.K.3    Elix, J.A.4    Lumbsch, H.T.5
  • 19
    • 33645010969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Major clades of parmelioid lichens (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota) and the evolution of their morphological and chemical diversity
    • Blanco, O., Crespo, A., Ree, R. H. & Lumbsch, H. T. (2006) Major clades of parmelioid lichens (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota) and the evolution of their morphological and chemical diversity. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 39: 52-69.
    • (2006) Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution , vol.39 , pp. 52-69
    • Blanco, O.1    Crespo, A.2    Ree, R.H.3    Lumbsch, H.T.4
  • 21
    • 0002727864 scopus 로고
    • Alectoria and allied genera in North America
    • Brodo, I. M. & Hawksworth, D. L. (1977) Alectoria and allied genera in North America. Opera Botanica 42: 1-164.
    • (1977) Opera Botanica , vol.42 , pp. 1-164
    • Brodo, I.M.1    Hawksworth, D.L.2
  • 22
    • 58149175421 scopus 로고
    • Three new species of Parmelia (Lichenes) from southern Africa
    • Brusse, F. A. (1988) Three new species of Parmelia (Lichenes) from southern Africa. Mycotaxon 31: 155-162.
    • (1988) Mycotaxon , vol.31 , pp. 155-162
    • Brusse, F.A.1
  • 23
    • 21344490197 scopus 로고
    • Eight new species in the lichen genus Parmelia (Ascomycotina, Parmeliaceae) from southern Africa, with notes on southern African lichens
    • Brusse, F. A. (1993) Eight new species in the lichen genus Parmelia (Ascomycotina, Parmeliaceae) from southern Africa, with notes on southern African lichens. Mycotaxon 49: 1-17.
    • (1993) Mycotaxon , vol.49 , pp. 1-17
    • Brusse, F.A.1
  • 24
    • 19444368783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemotypes significance of lichenized fungi by structural characterization of heteropolysaccharides from the genera Parmotrema and Rimelia
    • Carbonero, E. R., Mellinger, C. G., Eliasaro, S., Gorin, P. A. J. & Iacomini, M. (2005a) Chemotypes significance of lichenized fungi by structural characterization of heteropolysaccharides from the genera Parmotrema and Rimelia. FEMS Microbiology Letters 246: 273-278.
    • (2005) FEMS Microbiology Letters , vol.246 , pp. 273-278
    • Carbonero, E.R.1    Mellinger, C.G.2    Eliasaro, S.3    Gorin, P.A.J.4    Iacomini, M.5
  • 26
    • 84857304704 scopus 로고
    • Prodrome d'un catalogue descriptif des lichens du globe. I. Archilichens
    • sine pagin
    • Choisy, M. (1930) Prodrome d'un catalogue descriptif des lichens du globe. I. Archilichens. Icones Lichenum Universalis, sér. 2, 1: sine pagin.
    • (1930) Icones Lichenum Universalis, Sér. 2 , vol.1
    • Choisy, M.1
  • 27
    • 84857279016 scopus 로고
    • Catalogue des lichens de la region Lyonnaise. Fasc. 9
    • Choisy, M. (1952) Catalogue des lichens de la region Lyonnaise. Fasc. 9. Bulletin de la Société linnéenne de Lyon 21: 165-180.
    • (1952) Bulletin de la Société Linnéenne de Lyon , vol.21 , pp. 165-180
    • Choisy, M.1
  • 30
    • 0002440354 scopus 로고
    • The distribution and taxonomic significance of lichenan and isolichenan in the Parmeliaceae (lichenized Ascomycotina), as determined by iodine reactions. 1. Introduction and methods. II. The genus Alectoria and associated taxa
    • Common, R. S. (1991) The distribution and taxonomic significance of lichenan and isolichenan in the Parmeliaceae (lichenized Ascomycotina), as determined by iodine reactions. 1. Introduction and methods. II. The genus Alectoria and associated taxa. Mycotaxon 41: 67-112.
    • (1991) Mycotaxon , vol.41 , pp. 67-112
    • Common, R.S.1
  • 31
    • 0032124966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A molecular approach to the circumscription and evaluation of some genera segregated from Parmelia s. lat
    • Crespo, A. & Cubero, O. F. (1998) A molecular approach to the circumscription and evaluation of some genera segregated from Parmelia s. lat. Lichenologist 30: 369-380.
    • (1998) Lichenologist , vol.30 , pp. 369-380
    • Crespo, A.1    Cubero, O.F.2
  • 32
    • 0032758743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of morphological, chemical and molecular characters in some parmelioid genera
    • Crespo, A., Gavilán, R., Elix, J. A. & Gutiérrez, G. (1999) A comparison of morphological, chemical and molecular characters in some parmelioid genera. Lichenologist 31: 451-460.
    • (1999) Lichenologist , vol.31 , pp. 451-460
    • Crespo, A.1    Gavilán, R.2    Elix, J.A.3    Gutiérrez, G.4
  • 33
    • 0034836861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The potential of mitochondrial DNA for establishing phylogeny and stabilising generic concepts in the parmelioid lichens
    • Crespo, A., Blanco, O. & Hawksworth, D. L. (2001) The potential of mitochondrial DNA for establishing phylogeny and stabilising generic concepts in the parmelioid lichens. Taxon 50: 807-819.
    • (2001) Taxon , vol.50 , pp. 807-819
    • Crespo, A.1    Blanco, O.2    Hawksworth, D.L.3
  • 38
    • 0002048133 scopus 로고
    • A phylogenetic view of chemical evolution in the lichens
    • Culberson, W. L. & Culberson, C. F. (1970) A phylogenetic view of chemical evolution in the lichens. Bryologist 73: 1-31.
    • (1970) Bryologist , vol.73 , pp. 1-31
    • Culberson, W.L.1    Culberson, C.F.2
  • 39
    • 0011894157 scopus 로고
    • Microconidial dimorphism in the lichen genus Parmelia
    • Culberson, W. L. & Culberson, C. F. (1980) Microconidial dimorphism in the lichen genus Parmelia. Mycologia 72: 127-135.
    • (1980) Mycologia , vol.72 , pp. 127-135
    • Culberson, W.L.1    Culberson, C.F.2
  • 40
    • 0008027082 scopus 로고
    • The genera Cetrariastrum and Concarmerella (Parmeliaceae): A chemosystematic synopsis
    • Culberson, W. L.&Culberson, C. F. (1981) The genera Cetrariastrum and Concarmerella (Parmeliaceae): a chemosystematic synopsis. Bryologist 84: 273-314.
    • (1981) Bryologist , vol.84 , pp. 273-314
    • Culberson, W.1    Culberson, C.F.2
  • 41
    • 0005050185 scopus 로고
    • Lichens from southern Alaska and the Aleuthian Islands
    • collected by Dr. E. Hultén
    • Degelius, G. (1937) Lichens from southern Alaska and the Aleuthian Islands, collected by Dr. E. Hultén. Meddelelser fran Göteborgs Botaniska Trädgard 12: 105-144.
    • (1937) Meddelelser Fran Göteborgs Botaniska Trädgard , vol.12 , pp. 105-144
    • Degelius, G.1
  • 42
    • 34447548497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The arachiform vacuolar body, an overlooked shared character in the ascospores of a large monophyletic group within Parmeliaceae (Xanthoparmelia clade, Lecanorales)
    • Del Prado, R., Ferencovà, Z., Armas-Crespo, V., Amo de Paz, G., Cubas, P. & Crespo, A. (2007). The arachiform vacuolar body, an overlooked shared character in the ascospores of a large monophyletic group within Parmeliaceae (Xanthoparmelia clade, Lecanorales). Mycological Research 111: 685-692.
    • (2007) Mycological Research , vol.111 , pp. 685-692
    • Del Prado, R.1    Ferencovà, Z.2    Armas-Crespo, V.3    Amo De Paz, G.4    Cubas, P.5    Crespo, A.6
  • 43
    • 0032863677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of Mason E.Hale's list of epithets in the parmelioid genera (lichenforming Ascomycotina): A bibliographic review
    • DePriest, P. T. (1999) Development of Mason E.Hale's list of epithets in the parmelioid genera (lichenforming Ascomycotina): a bibliographic review. Bryologist 102: 443-461.
    • (1999) Bryologist , vol.102 , pp. 443-461
    • De Priest, P.T.1
  • 44
    • 0012747028 scopus 로고
    • Fruticose and foliose lichens of the high-mountain areas of the southern Appalachians
    • Dey, J. P. (1978) Fruticose and foliose lichens of the high-mountain areas of the southern Appalachians. Bryologist 81: 1-93.
    • (1978) Bryologist , vol.81 , pp. 1-93
    • Dey, J.P.1
  • 46
    • 0035486579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New species and new records in the lichen family Parmeliaceae (Ascomycotina) from India
    • Divakar, P. K., Upreti, D. K. & Elix, J. A. (2001) New species and new records in the lichen family Parmeliaceae (Ascomycotina) from India. Mycotaxon 80: 355-362.
    • (2001) Mycotaxon , vol.80 , pp. 355-362
    • Divakar, P.K.1    Upreti, D.K.2    Elix, J.A.3
  • 47
    • 13444302814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parmelia barrenoae, a new lichen species related to Parmelia sulcata (Parmeliaceae) based on molecular and morphological data
    • Divakar, P. K., Molina, M. C., Lumbsch, H. T. & Crespo, A. (2005) Parmelia barrenoae, a new lichen species related to Parmelia sulcata (Parmeliaceae) based on molecular and morphological data. Lichenologist 37: 37-46.
    • (2005) Lichenologist , vol.37 , pp. 37-46
    • Divakar, P.K.1    Molina, M.C.2    Lumbsch, H.T.3    Crespo, A.4
  • 48
    • 33745806934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic significance of morphological characters in the tropical Hypotrachyna clade of parmelioid lichens (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota)
    • Divakar, P. K., Crespo, A., Blanco, O. & Lumbsch, H. T. (2006) Phylogenetic significance of morphological characters in the tropical Hypotrachyna clade of parmelioid lichens (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 40: 448-458.
    • (2006) Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution , vol.40 , pp. 448-458
    • Divakar, P.K.1    Crespo, A.2    Blanco, O.3    Lumbsch, H.T.4
  • 49
    • 77950144955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Remototrachyna, a newly recognized tropical lineage of lichens in the Hypotrachyna clade (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota), originated in the Indian subcontinent
    • Divakar, P. K., Lumbsch, H. T., Ferencova, Z., Del Prado, R. & Crespo, A. (2010) Remototrachyna, a newly recognized tropical lineage of lichens in the Hypotrachyna clade (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota), originated in the Indian subcontinent. American Journal of Botany 97: 579-590.
    • (2010) American Journal of Botany , vol.97 , pp. 579-590
    • Divakar, P.K.1    Lumbsch, H.T.2    Ferencova, Z.3    Del Prado, R.4    Crespo, A.5
  • 50
    • 0002903087 scopus 로고
    • Some lichens of tropical Africa. III. Parmeliaceae
    • Dodge, C. W. (1959) Some lichens of tropical Africa. III. Parmeliaceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 46: 39-193.
    • (1959) Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden , vol.46 , pp. 39-193
    • Dodge, C.W.1
  • 51
    • 33747831482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preliminary statistical studies of the infraspecific variation in the ascospores of Nesolechia oxyspora growing on different genera of parmelioid lichens
    • Doré, C. J., Cole, M. S. & Hawksworth, D. L. (2006) Preliminary statistical studies of the infraspecific variation in the ascospores of Nesolechia oxyspora growing on different genera of parmelioid lichens. Lichenologist 38: 425-434.
    • (2006) Lichenologist , vol.38 , pp. 425-434
    • Doré, C.J.1    Cole, M.S.2    Hawksworth, D.L.3
  • 52
    • 33645175016 scopus 로고
    • Flechtensystematische Studien IV
    • Du Rietz, G. E. (1924) Flechtensystematische Studien IV. Botaniska Notiser 1924: 329-342.
    • (1924) Botaniska Notiser , vol.1924 , pp. 329-342
    • Du Rietz, G.E.1
  • 53
    • 0000734518 scopus 로고
    • Progress in generic delimitation of Parmelia sensu lato lichens (Ascomycotina: Parmeliaceae) and a synoptic key to the Parmeliaceae
    • Elix, J. A. (1993) Progress in generic delimitation of Parmelia sensu lato lichens (Ascomycotina: Parmeliaceae) and a synoptic key to the Parmeliaceae. Bryologist 96: 359-383.
    • (1993) Bryologist , vol.96 , pp. 359-383
    • Elix, J.A.1
  • 54
    • 0010671796 scopus 로고
    • Lichens-lecanorales 2, parmeliaceae
    • Elix, J. A. (1994) Lichens-Lecanorales 2, Parmeliaceae. Flora of Australia 55: 1-360.
    • (1994) Flora of Australia , vol.55 , pp. 1-360
    • Elix, J.A.1
  • 55
    • 0141564623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The lichen genus Paraparmelia, a synonym of Xanthoparmelia (Ascomycota, Parmeliaceae)
    • Elix, J. A. (2003) The lichen genus Paraparmelia, a synonym of Xanthoparmelia (Ascomycota, Parmeliaceae). Mycotaxon 87: 395-403.
    • (2003) Mycotaxon , vol.87 , pp. 395-403
    • Elix, J.A.1
  • 56
    • 38849116057 scopus 로고
    • Canomaculina, Myelochroa, Parmelinella, Parmelinopsis and Parmotremopsis, five new genera in the Parmeliaceae (lichenized Ascomycotina)
    • Elix, J. A. & Hale, M. E. (1987). Canomaculina, Myelochroa, Parmelinella, Parmelinopsis and Parmotremopsis, five new genera in the Parmeliaceae (lichenized Ascomycotina). Mycotaxon 31: 491-510.
    • (1987) Mycotaxon , vol.31 , pp. 491-510
    • Elix, J.A.1    Hale, M.E.2
  • 57
    • 0001430587 scopus 로고
    • A revision of the lichen genus Xanthoparmelia in Australasia. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History)
    • Elix, J. A., Johnston, J. & Armstrong, P. A. (1986a) A revision of the lichen genus Xanthoparmelia in Australasia. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Botany 15: 163-362.
    • (1986) Botany , vol.15 , pp. 163-362
    • Elix, J.A.1    Johnston, J.2    Armstrong, P.A.3
  • 58
    • 0001165633 scopus 로고
    • Canoparmelia, Paraparmelia and Relicinopsis, three new genera in the Parmeliaceae (lichenized Ascomycotina)
    • Elix, J. A., Johnston, J. & Verdon, D. (1986b). Canoparmelia, Paraparmelia and Relicinopsis, three new genera in the Parmeliaceae (lichenized Ascomycotina). Mycotaxon 27: 372-383.
    • (1986) Mycotaxon , vol.27 , pp. 372-383
    • Elix, J.A.1    Johnston, J.2    Verdon, D.3
  • 60
    • 0001797335 scopus 로고
    • A new status for the brown Parmeliae
    • Esslinger, T. L. (1978) A new status for the brown Parmeliae. Mycotaxon 7: 45-54.
    • (1978) Mycotaxon , vol.7 , pp. 45-54
    • Esslinger, T.L.1
  • 61
    • 0344761162 scopus 로고
    • Almbornia, a new lichen genus from South Africa
    • Esslinger, T. L. (1981) Almbornia, a new lichen genus from South Africa. Nordic Journal of Botany 1: 125-127.
    • (1981) Nordic Journal of Botany , vol.1 , pp. 125-127
    • Esslinger, T.L.1
  • 62
    • 0033860915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Notes on the brown-colored species of Parmeliaceae (lichenized Ascomycota) in southern Africa
    • Esslinger, T. L. (2000) Notes on the brown-colored species of Parmeliaceae (lichenized Ascomycota) in southern Africa. Bryologist 103: 568-591.
    • (2000) Bryologist , vol.103 , pp. 568-591
    • Esslinger, T.L.1
  • 65
    • 0001620603 scopus 로고
    • Structural diversity of D-galacto-D-mannan components isolated from lichens having ascomycetous mycosymbionts
    • Gorin, P. A. J. & Iacomini, M. (1985) Structural diversity of D-galacto-D-mannan components isolated from lichens having ascomycetous mycosymbionts. Carbohydrate Research 142: 253-267.
    • (1985) Carbohydrate Research , vol.142 , pp. 253-267
    • Gorin, P.A.J.1    Iacomini, M.2
  • 66
    • 0344346450 scopus 로고
    • Brodoa, a new lichen genus in the Parmeliaceae
    • Goward, T. (1986) Brodoa, a new lichen genus in the Parmeliaceae. Bryologist 89: 219-223.
    • (1986) Bryologist , vol.89 , pp. 219-223
    • Goward, T.1
  • 67
    • 0002577341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Report on botanical nomenclature -Saint Louis 1999
    • Greuter, W., McNeill, J., Hawksworth, D. L. & Barrie, F. R. (2000) Report on botanical nomenclature -Saint Louis 1999. Englera 20: 1-253.
    • (2000) Englera , vol.20 , pp. 1-253
    • Greuter, W.1    McNeill, J.2    Hawksworth, D.L.3    Barrie, F.R.4
  • 68
    • 36148972811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trouble with lichen: The re-evaluation and re-interpretation of thallus form and fruit body types in the molecular era
    • Grube, M. & Hawksworth, D. L. (2007) Trouble with lichen: the re-evaluation and re-interpretation of thallus form and fruit body types in the molecular era. Mycological Research 111: 1116-1132.
    • (2007) Mycological Research , vol.111 , pp. 1116-1132
    • Grube, M.1    Hawksworth, D.L.2
  • 72
    • 0002531680 scopus 로고
    • Fine structure of the cortex in the lichen family Parmeliaceae viewed with the scanningelectron microscope
    • Hale, M. E. (1973) Fine structure of the cortex in the lichen family Parmeliaceae viewed with the scanningelectron microscope. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 10: 1-92.
    • (1973) Smithsonian Contributions to Botany , vol.10 , pp. 1-92
    • Hale, M.E.1
  • 73
    • 0010306069 scopus 로고
    • Bulbothrix, parmelina, relicina, and xanthoparmelia, four new genera in the parmeliaceae (Lichenes)
    • Hale, M. E. (1974a) Bulbothrix, Parmelina, Relicina, and Xanthoparmelia, four new genera in the Parmeliaceae (Lichenes). Phytologia 28: 479-490.
    • (1974) Phytologia , vol.28 , pp. 479-490
    • Hale, M.E.1
  • 74
    • 0009065248 scopus 로고
    • New combinations in the lichen genus Parmotrema
    • Hale, M. E. (1974b) New combinations in the lichen genus Parmotrema. Phytologia 28: 333-339.
    • (1974) Phytologia , vol.28 , pp. 333-339
    • Hale, M.E.1
  • 75
    • 0038192210 scopus 로고
    • Delimitation of the lichen genus Hypotrachyna (Vain.) Hale
    • Hale, M. E. (1974c) Delimitation of the lichen genus Hypotrachyna (Vain.) Hale. Phytologia 28: 340-341.
    • (1974) Phytologia , vol.28 , pp. 340-341
    • Hale, M.E.1
  • 76
    • 0002668529 scopus 로고
    • A revision of the lichen genus Hypotrachyna (Parmeliaceae) in tropical America
    • Hale, M. E. (1975) A revision of the lichen genus Hypotrachyna (Parmeliaceae) in tropical America. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 25: 1-73.
    • (1975) Smithsonian Contributions to Botany , vol.25 , pp. 1-73
    • Hale, M.E.1
  • 77
    • 0002668531 scopus 로고
    • A monograph of the lichen genus Bulbothrix Hale (Parmeliaceae)
    • Hale, M. E. (1976a) A monograph of the lichen genus Bulbothrix Hale (Parmeliaceae). Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 32: 1-29.
    • (1976) Smithsonian Contributions to Botany , vol.32 , pp. 1-29
    • Hale, M.E.1
  • 78
    • 0002668531 scopus 로고
    • A monograph of the lichen genus Parmelina Hale (Parmeliaceae)
    • Hale, M. E. (1976b) A monograph of the lichen genus Parmelina Hale (Parmeliaceae). Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 33: 1-60.
    • (1976) Smithsonian Contributions to Botany , vol.33 , pp. 1-60
    • Hale, M.E.1
  • 79
    • 0002668531 scopus 로고
    • A monograph of the lichen genus Pseudoparmelia Lynge (Parmeliaceae)
    • Hale, M. E. (1976c) A monograph of the lichen genus Pseudoparmelia Lynge (Parmeliaceae). Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 31: 1-62.
    • (1976) Smithsonian Contributions to Botany , vol.31 , pp. 1-62
    • Hale, M.E.1
  • 80
    • 0038923167 scopus 로고
    • Synopsis of a new lichen genus Everniastrum Hale (Parmeliaceae)
    • Hale, M. E. (1976d) Synopsis of a new lichen genus Everniastrum Hale (Parmeliaceae). Mycotaxon 3: 345-353.
    • (1976) Mycotaxon , vol.3 , pp. 345-353
    • Hale, M.E.1
  • 81
    • 0002921807 scopus 로고
    • Pseudocyphellae and pored epicortex in the Parmeliaceae: Their delimitation and evolutionary significance
    • Hale, M. E. (1981) Pseudocyphellae and pored epicortex in the Parmeliaceae: their delimitation and evolutionary significance. Lichenologist 13: 1-10.
    • (1981) Lichenologist , vol.13 , pp. 1-10
    • Hale, M.E.1
  • 82
    • 0002768671 scopus 로고
    • An historical review of the genus concept in lichenology
    • Hale, M. E. (1984a) An historical review of the genus concept in lichenology. Beiheft zur Nova Hedwigia 79: 11-23.
    • (1984) Beiheft Zur Nova Hedwigia , vol.79 , pp. 11-23
    • Hale, M.E.1
  • 83
    • 0000084397 scopus 로고
    • Flavopunctelia, a new genus in the Parmeliaceae (Ascomycotina)
    • Hale, M. E. (1984b) Flavopunctelia, a new genus in the Parmeliaceae (Ascomycotina). Mycotaxon 20: 681-682.
    • (1984) Mycotaxon , vol.20 , pp. 681-682
    • Hale, M.E.1
  • 84
    • 0008074457 scopus 로고
    • Xanthomaculina Hale, a new lichen genus in the Parmeliaceae (Ascomycotina)
    • Hale, M. E. (1985) Xanthomaculina Hale, a new lichen genus in the Parmeliaceae (Ascomycotina). Lichenologist 17: 255-265.
    • (1985) Lichenologist , vol.17 , pp. 255-265
    • Hale, M.E.1
  • 85
    • 0000020696 scopus 로고
    • Arctoparmelia, a new genus in the Parmeliaceae (Ascomycotina)
    • Hale, M. E. (1986a) Arctoparmelia, a new genus in the Parmeliaceae (Ascomycotina). Mycotaxon 25: 251-254.
    • (1986) Mycotaxon , vol.25 , pp. 251-254
    • Hale, M.E.1
  • 86
    • 0000164782 scopus 로고
    • Flavoparmelia, a new genus in the lichen family Parmeliaceae (Ascomycotina)
    • Hale, M. E. (1986b) Flavoparmelia, a new genus in the lichen family Parmeliaceae (Ascomycotina). Mycotaxon 25: 603-605.
    • (1986) Mycotaxon , vol.25 , pp. 603-605
    • Hale, M.E.1
  • 87
    • 0002539197 scopus 로고
    • A monograph of the lichen genus Parmelia Acharius sensu stricto (Ascomycotina: Parmeliaceae)
    • Hale, M. E. (1987) A monograph of the lichen genus Parmelia Acharius sensu stricto (Ascomycotina: Parmeliaceae). Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 66: 1-55.
    • (1987) Smithsonian Contributions to Botany , vol.66 , pp. 1-55
    • Hale, M.E.1
  • 88
    • 0343820717 scopus 로고
    • Namakwa, a new lichen genus in the Parmeliaceae (Ascomycotina: Parmeliaceae)
    • Hale, M. E. (1988) Namakwa, a new lichen genus in the Parmeliaceae (Ascomycotina: Parmeliaceae). Mycotaxon 32: 169-174.
    • (1988) Mycotaxon , vol.32 , pp. 169-174
    • Hale, M.E.1
  • 89
    • 0040334790 scopus 로고
    • A monograph of the lichen genus Karoowia Hale (Ascomycotina: Parmeliaceae)
    • Hale, M. E. (1989a) A monograph of the lichen genus Karoowia Hale (Ascomycotina: Parmeliaceae). Mycotaxon 35: 177-198.
    • (1989) Mycotaxon , vol.35 , pp. 177-198
    • Hale, M.E.1
  • 90
    • 0344503300 scopus 로고
    • A new lichen genus Psiloparmelia Hale (Ascomycotina: Parmeliaceae)
    • Hale, M. E. (1989b) A new lichen genus Psiloparmelia Hale (Ascomycotina: Parmeliaceae). Mycotaxon 35:41-44.
    • (1989) Mycotaxon , vol.35 , pp. 41-44
    • Hale, M.E.1
  • 91
    • 0002043059 scopus 로고
    • A synopsis of the lichen genus Xanthoparmelia (Vainio) Hale (Ascomycotina: Parmeliaceae)
    • Hale, M. E. (1990) A synopsis of the lichen genus Xanthoparmelia (Vainio) Hale (Ascomycotina: Parmeliaceae). Smithsonian Contributions to Botany 74:1-250.
    • (1990) Smithsonian Contributions to Botany , vol.74 , pp. 1-250
    • Hale, M.E.1
  • 92
    • 0003095826 scopus 로고
    • Rimelia Hale & Fletcher, a new lichen genus (Ascomycotina: Parmeliaceae)
    • Hale, M. E. & Fletcher, A. (1990) Rimelia Hale & Fletcher, a new lichen genus (Ascomycotina: Parmeliaceae). Bryologist 93: 23-29.
    • (1990) Bryologist , vol.93 , pp. 23-29
    • Hale, M.E.1    Fletcher, A.2
  • 95
    • 0000077674 scopus 로고
    • Lichen chemotaxonomy
    • (D. H. Brown, D. L. Hawksworth & R. H. Bailey, eds). London: Academic Press
    • Hawksworth, D. L. (1976) Lichen chemotaxonomy. In Lichenology: Progress and Problems (D. H. Brown, D. L. Hawksworth & R. H. Bailey, eds): 139-184. London: Academic Press.
    • (1976) Lichenology: Progress and Problems , pp. 139-184
    • Hawksworth, D.L.1
  • 96
    • 0041119679 scopus 로고
    • The application and citation of the generic name Parmeliopsis (Lecanorales, Parmeliaceae)
    • Hawksworth, D. L. (1985) The application and citation of the generic name Parmeliopsis (Lecanorales, Parmeliaceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 149: 303-307.
    • (1985) Plant Systematics and Evolution , vol.149 , pp. 303-307
    • Hawksworth, D.L.1
  • 97
    • 0002814012 scopus 로고
    • Checklist of British lichen-forming, lichenicolous and allied fungi
    • Hawksworth, D. L., James, P. W. & Coppins, B. J. (1980) Checklist of British lichen-forming, lichenicolous and allied fungi. Lichenologist 12: 1-115.
    • (1980) Lichenologist , vol.12 , pp. 1-115
    • Hawksworth, D.L.1    James, P.W.2    Coppins, B.J.3
  • 98
    • 0344946574 scopus 로고
    • Omphalodiella patagonica, a new peltate lichen genus and species from South America
    • Henssen, A. (1991) Omphalodiella patagonica, a new peltate lichen genus and species from South America. Lichenologist 23: 333-342.
    • (1991) Lichenologist , vol.23 , pp. 333-342
    • Henssen, A.1
  • 100
    • 0038733253 scopus 로고
    • Lichenes exoticos a professore W. Nylander descriptos vel recognitos et in herbario musei Parisiense pro maxima parte asservatos in ordine systematico disposuit (continuatio)
    • Hue, A. (1892) Lichenes exoticos a professore W. Nylander descriptos vel recognitos et in herbario musei Parisiense pro maxima parte asservatos in ordine systematico disposuit (continuatio). Nouvelles Archives du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris, séries 3 4: 103-210.
    • (1892) Nouvelles Archives du Muséum D'Histoire Naturelle de Paris, Séries 3 , vol.4 , pp. 103-210
    • Hue, A.1
  • 105
    • 79959536773 scopus 로고
    • Microchemical studies on Parmelia
    • Krog, H. (1951) ['1950'] Microchemical studies on Parmelia. Nytt Magasin for Naturvidenskapene 88: 57-85.
    • (1950) Nytt Magasin for Naturvidenskapene , vol.88 , pp. 57-85
    • Krog, H.1
  • 106
    • 0003544240 scopus 로고
    • Evolutionary trends in foliose and fruticose lichens of the Parmeliaceae
    • Krog, H. (1982a) Evolutionary trends in foliose and fruticose lichens of the Parmeliaceae. Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory 52: 303-311.
    • (1982) Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory , vol.52 , pp. 303-311
    • Krog, H.1
  • 107
    • 0000709963 scopus 로고
    • Punctelia, a new lichen genus in the Parmeliaceae
    • Krog, H. (1982b) Punctelia, a new lichen genus in the Parmeliaceae. Nordic Journal of Botany 2: 287-292.
    • (1982) Nordic Journal of Botany , vol.2 , pp. 287-292
    • Krog, H.1
  • 108
    • 0002280170 scopus 로고
    • Parmelia subgenus hypotrachyna in East Africa
    • Krog, H. & Swinscow, T. D. V. (1979) Parmelia subgenus Hypotrachyna in East Africa. Norwegian Journal of Botany 26: 11-43.
    • (1979) Norwegian Journal of Botany , vol.26 , pp. 11-43
    • Krog, H.1    Swinscow, T.D.V.2
  • 110
    • 0009077354 scopus 로고
    • A new species and new combinations in Parmotrema (Parmeliaceae)
    • Krog, H. & Swinscow, T. D. V. (1983) A new species and new combinations in Parmotrema (Parmeliaceae). Lichenologist 15: 127-130.
    • (1983) Lichenologist , vol.15 , pp. 127-130
    • Krog, H.1    Swinscow, T.D.V.2
  • 111
    • 38249037189 scopus 로고
    • New species and new combinations in some parmelioid lichen genera, with special emphasis on East African taxa
    • Krog, H. & Swinscow, T. D. V. (1987) New species and new combinations in some parmelioid lichen genera, with special emphasis on East African taxa. Lichenologist 19: 419-431.
    • (1987) Lichenologist , vol.19 , pp. 419-431
    • Krog, H.1    Swinscow, T.D.V.2
  • 112
    • 0008990034 scopus 로고
    • Rimeliella, a new lichen genus related to Rimelia of the Parmeliaceae
    • Kurokawa, S. (1991) Rimeliella, a new lichen genus related to Rimelia of the Parmeliaceae. Annals of the Tsukuba Botanical Garden 10: 1-14.
    • (1991) Annals of the Tsukuba Botanical Garden , vol.10 , pp. 1-14
    • Kurokawa, S.1
  • 113
    • 0039744027 scopus 로고
    • Japanese species of parmelia ach. (sens. str.), Parmeliaceae (2)
    • Kurokawa, S. (1994). Japanese species of Parmelia Ach. (sens. str.), Parmeliaceae (2). Journal of Japanese Botany 69: 121-126.
    • (1994) Journal of Japanese Botany , vol.69 , pp. 121-126
    • Kurokawa, S.1
  • 114
    • 0001974001 scopus 로고
    • Antarctic lichens I. The genera usnea, ramalina, himantormia, alectoria, cornicularia
    • Lamb, I. M. (1964) Antarctic lichens I. The genera Usnea, Ramalina, Himantormia, Alectoria, Cornicularia. British Antarctic Survey Scientific Reports 38: 1-34.
    • (1964) British Antarctic Survey Scientific Reports , vol.38 , pp. 1-34
    • Lamb, I.M.1
  • 116
    • 78649407843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An assessment of fungal wall heteromannans as a phylogenetically informative character in ascomycetes
    • Leal, J. A., Prieto, A., Bernabé, M. & Hawksworth, D. L. (2010) An assessment of fungal wall heteromannans as a phylogenetically informative character in ascomycetes. FEMS Microbiology Reviews 34: 986-1014.
    • (2010) FEMS Microbiology Reviews , vol.34 , pp. 986-1014
    • Leal, J.A.1    Prieto, A.2    Bernabé, M.3    Hawksworth, D.L.4
  • 117
    • 79851482422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Species delimitation and evolution in morphologically and chemically diverse communities of the lichen-forming genus Xanthoparmelia (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota) in western North America
    • Leavitt, S. D., Johnson, L. & St Clair, L. L. (2011) Species delimitation and evolution in morphologically and chemically diverse communities of the lichen-forming genus Xanthoparmelia (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota) in western North America. Amertican Journal of Botany 98: 175-188.
    • (2011) Amertican Journal of Botany , vol.98 , pp. 175-188
    • Leavitt, S.D.1    Johnson, L.2    St Clair, L.L.3
  • 118
    • 77951911317 scopus 로고
    • Les apothécies et les ascques du Parmelia conspersa (Discolichen, Parmeliacée)
    • Letrouit-Galinou, M.-A. (1970) Les apothécies et les ascques du Parmelia conspersa (Discolichen, Parmeliacée). Bryologist 73: 39-58.
    • (1970) Bryologist , vol.73 , pp. 39-58
    • Letrouit-Galinou, M.-A.1
  • 119
    • 0033850042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogeneticanalysis of Parmotrema (Parmeliaceae: Lichenized Ascomycotina)
    • Louwhoff, S. H. J. J. & Crisp, M. D. (2000) Phylogeneticanalysis of Parmotrema (Parmeliaceae: lichenized Ascomycotina). Bryologist 103: 541-554.
    • (2000) Bryologist , vol.103 , pp. 541-554
    • Louwhoff, S.H.J.J.1    Crisp, M.D.2
  • 120
    • 0002886017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Taxonomic use of metabolic data in lichen-forming fungi
    • (J. C. Frisvad, P. D. Bridge & D. K. Arora, eds). New York: Marcel Dekker
    • Lumbsch, H. T. (1998) Taxonomic use of metabolic data in lichen-forming fungi. In Chemical Fungal Taxonomy (J. C. Frisvad, P. D. Bridge & D. K. Arora, eds): 345-387. New York: Marcel Dekker.
    • (1998) Chemical Fungal Taxonomy , pp. 345-387
    • Lumbsch, H.T.1
  • 121
    • 0000887958 scopus 로고
    • Resurrection of the lichen genus pleurosticta petrak (Parmeliaceae: Ascomycotina)
    • Lumbsch, H. T., Kothe, H. W. & ELix, J. A. (1988) Resurrection of the lichen genus Pleurosticta Petrak (Parmeliaceae: Ascomycotina). Mycotaxon 33: 447-455.
    • (1988) Mycotaxon , vol.33 , pp. 447-455
    • Lumbsch, H.T.1    Kothe, H.W.2    Elix, J.A.3
  • 122
    • 53649108009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accelerated evolutionary rates in tropical and oceanic parmelioid lichens (Ascomycota)
    • Doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-8-257
    • Lumbsch,H.T., Hipp, A. L.,Divakar, P. K., Blanco,O. & Crespo, A. (2008) Accelerated evolutionary rates in tropical and oceanic parmelioid lichens (Ascomycota). BMC Evolutionary Biology 8: 257. Doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-8-257.
    • (2008) BMC Evolutionary Biology , vol.8 , pp. 257
    • Lumbsch, H.T.1    Hipp, A.L.2    Divakar, P.K.3    Blanco, O.4    Crespo, A.5
  • 124
    • 0344072070 scopus 로고
    • Die flechten der ersten regnellschen expedition. Die gattung pseudoparmelia and parmelia ach
    • Lynge, B. (1914) Die Flechten der ersten Regnellschen Expedition. Die Gattung Pseudoparmelia and Parmelia Ach. Arkiv för Botanik 13 (13): 1-172.
    • (1914) Arkiv för Botanik , vol.13 , Issue.13 , pp. 1-172
    • Lynge, B.1
  • 125
    • 0030248765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The lichen genus Bulbothricella, a new segregate in the Parmeliaceae from Venezuela
    • Marcano, V., Mohali, S., Palacios-Prü, E. & Morales, A. (1996) The lichen genus Bulbothricella, a new segregate in the Parmeliaceae from Venezuela. Lichenologist 28: 421-430.
    • (1996) Lichenologist , vol.28 , pp. 421-430
    • Marcano, V.1    Mohali, S.2    Palacios-Prü, E.3    Morales, A.4
  • 128
    • 0002927706 scopus 로고
    • Segregation of the new lichen genus Foraminella from Parmeliopsis
    • Meyer, S. L. F. (1982) Segregation of the new lichen genus Foraminella from Parmeliopsis. Mycologia 74:592-598.
    • (1982) Mycologia , vol.74 , pp. 592-598
    • Meyer, S.L.F.1
  • 129
    • 0039340553 scopus 로고
    • The new lichen genus Imshaugia (Ascomycotina, Parmeliaceae)
    • Meyer, S. L. F. (1985) The new lichen genus Imshaugia (Ascomycotina, Parmeliaceae). Mycologia 77:336-338.
    • (1985) Mycologia , vol.77 , pp. 336-338
    • Meyer, S.L.F.1
  • 131
    • 0003936611 scopus 로고
    • Torino: Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali
    • Nimis, P. L. (1993) The Lichens of Italy. Torino: Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali.
    • (1993) The Lichens of Italy
    • Nimis, P.L.1
  • 132
    • 0032123425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A critical appraisal of modern generic concepts in lichenology
    • Nimis, P. L. (1998) A critical appraisal of modern generic concepts in lichenology. Lichenologist 30: 427-438.
    • (1998) Lichenologist , vol.30 , pp. 427-438
    • Nimis, P.L.1
  • 135
    • 0001919779 scopus 로고
    • Nomenclatural stability and the Botanical Code: A historical review
    • (D. L. Hawksworth, ed.). [Regnum Vegetabile no. 123.] Königstein: Koeltz Scientific Books
    • Perry, G. (1991) Nomenclatural stability and the Botanical Code: a historical review. In Improving the Stability of Names: Needs and Options (D. L. Hawksworth, ed.): 79-93. [Regnum Vegetabile no. 123.] Königstein: Koeltz Scientific Books.
    • (1991) Improving the Stability of Names: Needs and Options , pp. 79-93
    • Perry, G.1
  • 136
    • 77958485198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A molecular phylogeny of the Lecanora varia group, including species from western North America
    • Pérez-Ortega, S., Spribille, T., Palice, Z., Elix, J. A. & Printzen, C. (2010) A molecular phylogeny of the Lecanora varia group, including species from western North America. Mycological Progress 9: 523-535.
    • (2010) Mycological Progress , vol.9 , pp. 523-535
    • Pérez-Ortega, S.1    Spribille, T.2    Palice, Z.3    Elix, J.A.4    Printzen, C.5
  • 137
    • 84857342275 scopus 로고
    • Fungi adeani. Ein beitrag zur pilzflora bayerns und der angrenzenden
    • Petrak, F. (1931) Fungi Adeani. Ein Beitrag zur Pilzflora Bayerns und der angrenzenden. Kryptogamische Forschungen 2: 155-194.
    • (1931) Kryptogamische Forschungen , vol.2 , pp. 155-194
    • Petrak, F.1
  • 139
    • 0002812208 scopus 로고
    • Homologies and analogies in the evolution of lichens
    • (D. L. Hawksworth, ed.). Wallingford: CAB International
    • Poelt, J. (1991) Homologies and analogies in the evolution of lichens. In Frontiers in Mycology (D. L. Hawksworth, ed.): 85-97. Wallingford: CAB International.
    • (1991) Frontiers in Mycology , pp. 85-97
    • Poelt, J.1
  • 140
    • 0002146757 scopus 로고
    • Bestimmungsschlussel europaischer flechten. Erganzungsheft II
    • Poelt, J. & Vězda, A. (1981) Bestimmungsschlussel europaischer Flechten. Erganzungsheft II. Bibliotheca Lichenologica 16: 1-390.
    • (1981) Bibliotheca Lichenologica , vol.16 , pp. 1-390
    • Poelt, J.1    Vězda, A.2
  • 142
  • 144
  • 146
    • 0034901663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular data support rejection of the generic concept in the Coccotremataceae (Ascomycota)
    • Schmitt, I., Messuti, M. I., Feige, G. B. & Lumbsch, H. T. (2001) Molecular data support rejection of the generic concept in the Coccotremataceae (Ascomycota). Lichenologist 33: 315-321.
    • (2001) Lichenologist , vol.33 , pp. 315-321
    • Schmitt, I.1    Messuti, M.I.2    Feige, G.B.3    Lumbsch, H.T.4
  • 147
    • 84857349115 scopus 로고
    • 8th edn. Frankurt am Main: Varrentrapp & Wenner
    • Schreber, J. (1791) Caroli a Linné Genera Plantarum, 8th edn. Vol. 2. Frankurt am Main: Varrentrapp & Wenner.
    • (1791) Caroli A Linné Genera Plantarum , vol.2
    • Schreber, J.1
  • 150
    • 0006252895 scopus 로고
    • Notes on the lichen genus Everniastrum (Parmeliaceae)
    • Sipman, H. (1986) Notes on the lichen genus Everniastrum (Parmeliaceae). Mycotaxon 26: 235-251.
    • (1986) Mycotaxon , vol.26 , pp. 235-251
    • Sipman, H.1
  • 151
    • 84857328452 scopus 로고
    • Gyelnik's new lichen names
    • Sjödin, Å. (1954) Gyelnik's new lichen names. Acta Horti Gotoburgensis 19: 113-156.
    • (1954) Acta Horti Gotoburgensis , vol.19 , pp. 113-156
    • Sjödin, A.1
  • 152
    • 34848841932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parallel evolution of lichen growth forms in the family Roccellaceae (Arthoniales, Ascomycota)
    • Tehler, A. & Irestedt, M. (2007) Parallel evolution of lichen growth forms in the family Roccellaceae (Arthoniales, Ascomycota). Cladistics 23: 432-454.
    • (2007) Cladistics , vol.23 , pp. 432-454
    • Tehler, A.1    Irestedt, M.2
  • 153
    • 0000259682 scopus 로고
    • Lecanoralean ascus types in the lichenized families alectoriacaeae and paremeliaceae
    • Thell, A., Mattsson, J.-E. & Kärnefelt, I. (1995) Lecanoralean ascus types in the lichenized families Alectoriacaeae and Paremeliaceae. Cryptogamic Botany 5: 120-127.
    • (1995) Cryptogamic Botany , vol.5 , pp. 120-127
    • Thell, A.1    Mattsson, J.-E.2    Kärnefelt, I.3
  • 156
    • 0003039349 scopus 로고
    • Étude sur la classification naturelle et la morphologie des lichens du Brésil. Pars prima
    • Vainio, E. A. (1890) Étude sur la classification naturelle et la morphologie des lichens du Brésil. Pars prima. Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica 7: 1-247.
    • (1890) Acta Societatis Pro Fauna et Flora Fennica , vol.7 , pp. 1-247
    • Vainio, E.A.1
  • 157
    • 0345858681 scopus 로고
    • Lichenes in viciniis hibernae expeditions Vegae prope pagum Pitlekai in Siberia septentrionali a Dre. E. Almquist collecti
    • Vainio, E. A. (1909) Lichenes in viciniis hibernae expeditions Vegae prope pagum Pitlekai in Siberia septentrionali a Dre. E. Almquist collecti. Arkiv för Botanik 8 (4): 1-175.
    • (1909) Arkiv för Botanik , vol.8 , Issue.4 , pp. 1-175
    • Vainio, E.A.1
  • 159
    • 0001638416 scopus 로고
    • Conidial lichen forming fungi
    • (G. T. Cole & B. Kendrick, eds). New York: Academic Press
    • Vobis, G. & Hawksworth, D. L. (1981) Conidial lichen forming fungi. In Biology of Conidial Fungi (G. T. Cole & B. Kendrick, eds): 245-273. New York: Academic Press.
    • (1981) Biology of Conidial Fungi , pp. 245-273
    • Vobis, G.1    Hawksworth, D.L.2
  • 160
    • 17344375998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multi-gene study of the phylogenetic relationships of the Parmeliaceae
    • Wedin, M., Döring, H. & Mattsson, J.-E. (1999) A multi-gene study of the phylogenetic relationships of the Parmeliaceae. Mycolgical Research 103: 1185-1192.
    • (1999) Mycolgical Research , vol.103 , pp. 1185-1192
    • Wedin, M.1    Döring, H.2    Mattsson, J.-E.3
  • 161
    • 0013573935 scopus 로고
    • Lichenes (Flechten). B. Specieller teil
    • (A. Engler & K. Prantl, eds). Leipzig: W. Engelmann
    • Zahlbruckner, A. (1903-08) Lichenes (Flechten). B. Specieller Teil. In Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien (A. Engler & K. Prantl, eds) 1 (1*): 49-249. Leipzig: W. Engelmann.
    • (1903) Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien , vol.1 , Issue.1 , pp. 49-249
    • Zahlbruckner, A.1
  • 162
    • 0003066518 scopus 로고
    • Lichenes (Flechten). B. Spezieller teil
    • (A. Engler, ed.). 2nd edn. Leipzig: W. Engelmann
    • Zahlbruckner, A. (1926) Lichenes (Flechten). B. Spezieller Teil. In Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien (A. Engler, ed.) 8: 61-270. 2nd edn. Leipzig: W. Engelmann.
    • (1926) Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien , vol.8 , pp. 61-270
    • Zahlbruckner, A.1
  • 164
    • 84857291056 scopus 로고
    • Vergleichende untersuchungen über flechten in bezug auf ihre stoffwechselproduckte. Erste abhandlung
    • Zopf, W. (1903) Vergleichende Untersuchungen über Flechten in Bezug auf ihre Stoffwechselproduckte. Erste Abhandlung. Beihefte zum botanischen Zentralblatt 14: 95-120.
    • (1903) Beihefte Zum Botanischen Zentralblatt , vol.14 , pp. 95-120
    • Zopf, W.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.