Sanitation: What's the Real Problem?

IDS Bulletin

Volumn 43, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 86-92

  Mara, Duncan ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADVOCACY; DEVELOPING WORLD; GOVERNMENT; SANITATION; URBAN AREA;

MALAYSIA; THAILAND; VIET NAM;

EID: 84857274220     PISSN: 02655012     EISSN: 17595436     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1759-5436.2012.00311.x     Document Type: Article

References (22)

1. AMCOW (2008) The eThekwini Declaration and AfricaSan Action Plan, Abuja African Ministers' Council on Water.
2. Burra, S.; Patel, S. and Kerr, T. (2003) 'Community-Designed, Built and Managed Toilet Blocks in Indian Cities', Environment and Urbanization 15: 11-32.
3. Collier, P. (2007) The Bottom Billion: Why the Poorest Countries Are Failing and What Can Be Done About It, Oxford Oxford University Press.
4. Guimarães, A.S.P. and de Souza, A.P. (2004) Projetos de Pequenos Sistemas Unitários de Esgotamento, Brasília Caixa Econômica Federal.
5. IFAD (2011) Tree Domestication Programme in Africa Helps Families out of Poverty, Rome International Fund for Agricultural Development (accessed 16 December 2011).
6. JMP (2011) Types of Drinking-Water Sources and Sanitation, New York WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation, (accessed 16 December 2011).
7. Kvarnström, E.; McConville, J.; Bracken, P.; Johansson, M. and Fogde, M. (2011) 'The Sanitation Ladder: A Need for a Revamp?', Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 1.1: 3-12.
8. Mara, D.D. (2007) Biogas Toilets, Leeds School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, (accessed 16 December 2011).
9. Mara, D.D. (1985) The Design of Pour-flush Latrines, TAG Technical Note 15, Washington DC World Bank.
10. Mara, D.D. (1984) The Design of Ventilated Improved Pit Latrines, TAG Technical Note 13, Washington DC World Bank.
11. Mara, D.D.; Sleigh, P.A. and Tayler, K. (2001) PC-based Simplified Sewer Design, Leeds School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds.
12. Melo, J.C. (2005) The Experience of Condominial Water and Sewerage Systems in Brazil, Water and Sanitation Program, Washington DC World Bank.
13. Morgan, P.R. (2007) Toilets that Make Compost: Low-cost Sanitary Toilets that Produce Valuable Compost for Crops in an African Context, Stockholm Stockholm Environment Institute.
14. Otis, R.J. and Mara, D.D. (1985) The Design of Small-bore Sewers, TAG Technical Note 14, Washington DC World Bank.
15. Restrepo-Tarquino, I. (2001) 'Team Learning Projects as a Strategy to Contribute to the Sustainability of Water Supply and Sanitation Services', PhD thesis, School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds.
16. Simpson-Hébert, M. (2007) 'Low-cost Arborloo Offers Ethiopians Health and Agriculture Benefits', Waterlines 26.2: 12-14.
17. Transparency International (2008) Global Corruption Report 2008: Corruption in the Water Sector, Cambridge Cambridge University Press.
18. Trémolet, S. and Evans, B. (2010) Output-based Aid and Sustainable Sanitation, OBApproaches Note 37, Global Partnership on Output-based Aid, Washington DC World Bank.
19. UN DESA (2010) World Urbanization Prospects: The 2009 Revision - Highlights, New York Population Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations.
20. UN-Habitat (2003) Water and Sanitation in the World's Cities: Local Action for Global Goals, London Earthscan.
21. WHO/UNICEF (2010) Progress on Sanitation and Drinking-water, 2010 Update, Geneva World Health Organization.
22. WIN-SA (n.d.) eThekwini's Water & Sanitation Programme, South Africa, Pretoria Water Information Network.