Cesarean section in morbidly obese parturients: Practical implications and complications

North American Journal of Medical Sciences

Volumn 4, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 13-18

  Machado, Lovina S M ^a  

^a SULTAN QABOOS UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Oman)

Author keywords

Anesthesia; Cesarean section; Morbid obesity; Postoperative complications; Postpartum morbidity; Pregnancy

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT HEPARIN;

ANESTHESIA COMPLICATION; ANTIBIOTIC PROPHYLAXIS; BODY MASS; CESAREAN SECTION; DRAIN; HUMAN; MATERNAL MORBIDITY; MATERNAL MORTALITY; MORBID OBESITY; POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGE; PREGNANCY COMPLICATION; PUERPERAL INFECTION; PUERPERIUM; REVIEW; RISK; SKIN INCISION; SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE; THROMBOSIS PREVENTION; WEIGHT REDUCTION;

EID: 84857157098     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19472714     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4103/1947-2714.92895     Document Type: Review

References (49)

1. World Health Organisation. Obesity and overweight. The highlighted should be changed to: (Accessed November 15. 2011, at http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/index.html).
2. Sturm R. Increases in clinically severe obesity in the United States, 1986-2000. Arch Intern Med 2003;163:2146-8.
3. Cedergren MI. Maternal morbid obesity and the risk of adverse pregnancy outcome. Obstet Gynecol 2004;103:219-24.
4. Weiss JL, Malone FD, Emig D, Ball RH, Nyberg DA, Comstock CH, et al. FASTER Research Consortium. Obesity, obstetric complications and cesarean delivery rate-a population based screening study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2004;190:1091-7.
5. Hood DD, Dewan DM. Anesthetic and obstetric outcome in morbidly obese parturients. Anesthesiology 1993;79:1210-8.
6. Bell J, Bell S, Vahratian A, Awonuga AO. Abdominal surgical incisions and perioperative morbidity among morbidly obese women undergoing cesarean delivery. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2011;154:16-9.
7. Alanis MC, Villers MS, Law TL, Steadman EM, Robinson CJ. Complications of cesarean delivery in the massively obese parturient. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2010;203:271.e1-7.
8. Duvekot JJ. Pregnancy and obesity: Practical implications. Eur Clin Obstet Gynecol 2005;1:74-88.
9. Lu GC, Rouse DJ, DuBard M, Cliver S, Kimberlin D, Hauth JC. The effect of the increasing prevalence of maternity obesity on perinatal morbidity. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2001;185:845-9.
10. Perlow JH, Morgan MA, Montgomery D, Towers CV, Porto M. Perinatal outcome in pregnancy complicated by massive obesity. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1992;167:958-62.
11. Morrow CP, Hernandez WL, Townsend DE, DiSaia PJ. Pelvic Celiotomy in the obese patient. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1977;127:335-9.
12. Viegas CM, Viegas OA. Preventing a surgical complication during cesarean delivery in a morbidly obese patient. A simple apparatus to retract the abdominal panniculus. Med Gen Med 2006;8:52.
13. Wall PD, Deucy EE, Glantz JC, Pressman EK. Vertical skin incisions and wound complications in the obese parturient. Obstet Gynecol 2003;102:952-6.
14. Wolfe HM, Gross TL, Sokol RJ, Bottoms SF, Thompson KL. Determinants of morbidity in obese women delivered by cesarean. Obstet Gynecol 1988;71:691-6.
15. Lao TT, Halpern SH, Crosby ET, Huh C. Uterine incision and maternal blood loss in preterm cesarean section. Arch Gynecol Obstet 1993;252:113-7.
16. Carswell W. The current status of classical cesarean section. Scott Med J 1973;18:105-8.
17. Perencevich EN, Sands KE, Cosgrove SE, Guadagnoli E, Meara E, Platt R. Health and economic impact of surgical site infections diagnosed after hospital discharge. Emerg Infect Dis 2003;9196-203.
18. Vermillion ST, Lamoutte C, Soper DE, Verdeja A. Wound infection after cesarean: Effect of subcutaneous tissue thickness. Obstet Gynecol 2000;95:923-6.
19. Chelmow D, Rodriguez EJ, Sabatini MM. Suture closure of subcutaneous fat and wound disruption after cesarean delivery: A meta-analysis. Obstet Gynecol 2004;103:974-80.
20. Allaire AD, Fisch J, McMahon MJ. Subcutaneous drain vs suture in obese women undergoing cesarean delivery. A prospective randomized trial. J Reprod Med 2000;45:327-31.
21. Loong RL, Rogers MS, Chang AM. A controlled trial on wound drainage in cesarean section. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynecol 1988;28:266-9.
22. Cruse PJ, Foord R. A five year prospective study of 23,649 surgical wounds. Arch Surg 1973;107:206-10.
23. Hurt WG. Surgical instruments and drains. In: Gilstrap LC 3rd, Cunningham FG, VanDorsten JP, editors. Operative obstetrics. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies Inc; 2002. p. 17-30.
24. Weigelt JA, Lipsky BA, Tabak YP, Derby KG, Kim M, Gupta V. Surgical site infections: Causative pathogens and associated outcomes. Am J Infect Control 2010;38:112-20.
25. Darouiche RO, Wall MJ Jr, Itani KM, Otterson MF, Webb AL, Carrick MM, et al. Chlorhexidine Alcohol versus Povidone - Iodine for surgical site antisepsis. N Engl J Med 2010;362:18-26.
26. Kao LS, Meeks D, Moyer VA, Lally KP. Perioperative glycemic control regimens for preventing surgical site infection in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009;3:CD006806.
27. Myles TD, Gooch J, Santolaya J. Obesity as an independent risk factor for infectious morbidity in patients who undergo cesarean delivery. Obstet Gynecol 2002;100:959-64.
28. Endler GC. The risk of anesthesia in obese parturients. J Perinatol 1990;10:175-9.
29. Vricella LK, Louis JM, Mercer BM, Bolden N. Anesthesia complications during scheduled cesarean delivery for morbidly obese women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2010;203:276.e1-5.
30. Whitty RJ, Maxwell CV, Carvalho JC. Complications of neuraxial anesthesia in an extreme morbidly obese patient for Cesarean section. Int J Obstet Anesth 2007;16:139-44.
31. Brettingham M. Depression and obesity are major causes of maternal death in Britain. BMJ 2004;329:1205.
32. Odell LD, Mengert WF. The overweight obstetric patients. JAMA 1945;128:87-90.
33. Perlow JH, Morgan MA. Massive maternal obesity and perioperative cesarean morbidity. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1994;170:560-5.
34. Tran TS, Jamulitrat S, Chongsuvivatwong V, Geater A. Risk factors for post cesarean surgical site infection. Obstet Gynecol 2000;95:367-71.
35. Baeten JM, Bukusi EA, Lambe M. Pregnancy complications and outcomes among overweight and obese nulliparous women. Am J Public Health 2001;91:436-40.
36. Sebire NJ, Jolly M, Harris JP, Wadsworth J, Joffe M, Beard RW, et al. Maternal obesity and pregnancy outcome: A study of 287,213 pergnancies in London. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2001;25:1175-82.
37. Bodnar LM, Siega-Riz AM, Cogswell ME. High prepregnancy BMI increases the risk of postpartum anaemia. Obes Res 2004;12:941-8.
38. Bo S, Menato G, Gallo ML, Bardelli C, Lezo A, Signorile A, et al. Mild gestational hyperglycaemia, the metabolic syndrome and adverse neonatal outcomes. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2004;83:335-40.
39. Edwards LE, Hellerstedt WL, Alton IR, Story M, Himes JH. Pregnancy complications and birth outcome in obese and normal weight women: effects of gestational weight change. Obstet Gynecol 1996;87:389-94.
40. Hull RD, Pineo GF, Stein PD, Mah AF, MacIsaac SM, Dahl OE, et al. Timing of initial administration of low-molecular weight heparin prophylaxis against deep vein thrombosis in patients following elective hip arthroplasty: A systemic review. Arch Intern Med 2001;161:1952-60.
41. Leizorovicz A, Mismette P. Preventing venous thromboembolism in surgical patients. Circulation 2004;110: 1513-9.
42. Schytt E, Lindmark G, Waldenstrom U. Symptoms of stress incontinence 1 year after childbirth: Prevalence and predictors in a national Swedish sample. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2004;83:928-36.
43. Greene GW, Smiciklas-Wright H, Scholl TO, Karp RJ. Postpartum weight change: How much of weight gained in pregnancy will be lost after delivery? Obstet Gynecol 1988;71:701-7.
44. Linne Y, Rossner S. Interrelationships between development and weight retention in subsequent pregnancies: The SPAWN study. Acta Obstet Gynecol 2003;82:318-25.
45. Rasmussen KM, Kjolhede CL. Prepregnant overweight and obesity diminish the prolactin response to suckling in the first week of post partum. Pediatrics 2004;113:e465-71.
46. McCrory MA. Does dieting during lactation put infant growth at risk? Nutr Rev 2001;59:18-21.
47. Glazer NL, Hendrickson AF, Schellenbaum GD, Mueller BA. Weight change and the risk of gestational diabetes in obese women. Epidemiology 2004;15:733-7.
48. National Institute of Health Clinical Guidelines on the identification, evolution and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults: the evidence report. National Institute of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda MD. 1998.
49. Colquitt J, Cligg A, Sidhu M, Royale P. Surgery for morbid obesity. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003;(2):CD003641.