Distress Mediates the Association Between Personality Predispositions and Suicidality: A Preliminary Study in a Portuguese Community Sample

Archives of Suicide Research

Volumn 16, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 44-58

  Campos, Rui C ^a   Besser, Avi ^b   Blatt, Sidney J ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ÉVORA   (Portugal)

^b SAPIR ACADEMIC COLLEGE   (Israel)

^c YALE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

dependency; distress; efficacy; self criticism; suicidality

Indexed keywords

EID: 84856945709     PISSN: 13811118     EISSN: 15436136     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2012.640583     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Arbuckle, J. L. (2009). Amos 18 user's guide. Crawfordville, FL: Amos Development Corporation.
2. Bagby, R. M., & Rector, N. A. (1998). Self-criticism, dependency and the five factor model of personality in depression: Assessing construct overlap. Personality and Individual Differences, 24, 895-897.
3. Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173-1182.
4. Beautrais, A. L., Collings, S. C. D., Ehrhardt, P., & Henare, K. (2005). Suicide prevention: A review of evidence of risk and protective factors and points of effective intervention. Wellington, New Zealand: Ministry of Health.
5. Beck, A. T. (1983). Cognitive therapy of depression: New perspectives. In P. Clayton & J. E. Barret (Eds.), Treatment of depression: Old controversies and new approaches (pp. 265-290). New York, NY: Raven.
6. Besser, A., & Priel, B. (2003a). Trait vulnerability and coping strategies in the transition to motherhood. Current Psychology, 22, 57-72.
7. Besser, A., & Priel, B. (2003b). A multisource approach to self-critical vulnerability to depression: The moderating role of attachment. Journal of Personality, 71, 515-555.
8. Besser, A., & Priel, B. (2005a). The apple does not fall far from the tree: Attachment styles and personality vulnerabilities to depression in three generations of women. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31, 1052-1073.
9. Besser, A., & Priel, B. (2005b). Interpersonal relatedness and self-definition in late adulthood depression: Personality predispositions and protective factors. Social Behavior and Personality, 33, 351-382.
10. Besser, A., Vliegen, N., Luyten, P., & Blatt, S. J. (2008). Vulnerability to postpartum depression from a psychodynamic perspective: Systematic empirical base commentary on issues raised by Blum (2007). Psychoanalytic Psychology, 25, 392-410.
11. Blatt, S. J. (1974). Levels of object representation in anaclitic and introjective depression. Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 29, 107-157.
12. Blatt, S. J. (1990). Interpersonal relatedness and self-definition: Two primary configurations and their implications for psychopathology and psychotherapy. In J. L. Singer (Ed.), Repression and dissociation: Implications for personality theory, psychopathology, and health (pp. 299-335). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
13. Blatt, S. J. (1991). A cognitive morphology of psychopathology. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 179, 449-458.
14. Blatt, S. J. (1995). The destructiveness of perfectionism: Implications for the treatment of depression. American Psychologist, 53, 103-120.
15. Blatt, S. J. (2008). Polarities of experience: Relatedness and self-definition in personality development, psychopathology, and the therapeutic process. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
16. Blatt, S. J., D'Afflitti, J., & Quinlan, D. (1976). Experiences of depression in normal young adults. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 85, 383-389.
17. Blatt, S. J., Quinlan, D. M., Chevron, E. S., McDonald, C., & Zuroff, D. C. (1982). Dependency and self-criticism: Psychological dimensions of depression. Journal of Counseling and Clinical Psychology, 150, 113-124.
18. Blatt, S. J., & Shichman, S. (1983). Two primary configurations of psychopathology. Psychoanalysis and Contemporary Thought, 6, 187-254.
19. Blatt, S. J., Zohar, A., Quinlan, D. M., Luthar, S., & Hart, B. (1996). Levels of relatedness within the dependency factor of the Depressive Experiences Questionnaire for adolescents. Journal of Personality Assessment, 6, 52-71.
20. Blatt, S. J., Zohar, A. H., Quinlan, D. M., Zuroff, D. C., & Mongrain, M. (1995). Subscales within the dependency factor of the Depressive Experiences Questionnaire. Journal of Personality Assessment, 64, 319-339.
21. Blatt, S. J., & Zuroff, D. C. (1992). Interpersonal relatedness and self-definition: Two prototypes for depression. Clinical Psychology Review, 12, 527-562.
22. Campos, R. C. (2000). Adaptação do Questionário de Experiências Depressivas (de Sidney Blatt e colegas) para a população portuguesa [Adaptation of the Depressive Experiences Questionnaire (Sidney Blatt et al.) for the Portuguese population]. Análise Psicológica, 18, 285-309.
23. Campos, R. C. (2009). Questionário de Experiências Depressivas: Manual [Depressive Experiences Questionnaire: Manual]. Department of Psychology, University of Évora, Portugal.
24. Campos, R. C., Besser, A., & Blatt, S. J. (2010). The mediating role of self-criticism and dependency in the association between perceptions of maternal caring and depressive symptoms. Depression and Anxiety, 27, 1149-1157.
25. Campos, R. C., Besser, A., & Blatt, S. J. (2011). The relationships between defenses and experiences of depression: An exploratory study. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 28, 196-208.
26. Canavarro, M. C. (2007). Inventário de Sintomas Psicopatológicos (BSI) Uma revisão crítica dos estudos efectuados em Portugal. In M. R. Simões, C. Machado, M. M. Gonçalves, & L. S. Almeida (Eds.), Avaliação Psicológica: Instrumentos validados para a população portuguesa. (Vol. 3, pp. 305-330). Coimbra, Portugal: Quarteto.
27. Corveleyn, J., Luyten, P., & Blatt, S. J. (Eds.) (2005). The theory and treatment of depression: Towards a dynamic interactionism model. Leuven, Belgium: Universitaire Press.
28. Derogatis, L. (1993). Administration, scoring, and procedures for the brief symptom inventory (3rd ed.). Minneapolis, MN: National Computer Systems.
29. Dunkley, D. M., Blankstein, K. R., Masheb, R. M., & Grilo, C. M. (2006). Personal standards and evaluative concerns dimensions of "clinical" perfectionism: A reply to Shafran et al. (2002, 2003) and Hewitt et al. (2003). Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44, 63-84.
30. Fazaa, N., & Page, S. (2003). Dependency and self-criticism as predictors of suicidal behavior. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 33, 172-185.
31. Goldblatt, M. J. (2008) Hostility and suicide: The experience of aggression from within and without. In S. Briggs, A. Lemma, & W. Crouch (Eds.), Relating to self-harm and suicide: Psychoanalytic perspectives on practice, theory and prevention (pp. 95-108). New York, NY: Routledge/Taylor & Francis.
32. Goldney, R. D., & Schioldann, J. A. (2004). Evolution of the concept of altruistic suicide in Pre-Durkheim suicidology. Archives of Suicide Research, 8, 23-27.
33. Hewitt, P. L., & Flett, G. L. (1991). Dimensions of perfectionism in unipolar depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100, 98-101.
34. Hewitt, P. L., Flett, G. L., & Weber, C. (1994). Perfectionism and suicide ideation. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 18, 439-460.
35. Hewitt, P. L., Newton, J., Flett, G. L., & Callander, L. (1997). Perfectionism and suicide ideation in adolescent psychiatric patients. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 25, 95-107.
36. Hoyle, R. H., & Smith, G. T. (1994). Formulating clinical research hypotheses as structural equation models: A conceptual overview. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 62, 429-440.
37. Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1-55.
38. Kelloway, E. K. (1998). Using Lisrel for structural equation modeling: A researcher's guide. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
39. Klein, D. N. (1989). The Depressive Experiences Questionnaire: A further evaluation. Journal of Personality Assessment, 53, 703-715.
40. Lamis, D. A., Malone, P. S., Langhinrichsen-Rohling, J., & Elis, T. E. (2010). Body investment, depression, and alcohol use as risk factors for suicide proneness in college students. Crisis: The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention, 31, 118-127.
41. Landry, S. H., Smith, K. E., Swank, P. R., & Miller-Loncar, C. L. (2000). Early maternal and child influences on children's later independent cognitive and social functioning. Child Development, 71, 358-375.
42. Mongrain, M., Vettese, L. C., Shuster, B., & Kendal, N. (1998). Perceptual biases, affect, and behaviour in the relationships of dependents and self-critics. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75, 230-241.
43. Mongrain, M., & Zuroff, D. C. (1995). Motivational and affective correlates of dependency and self-criticism. Personality and Individual Differences, 18, 347-354.
44. Morrison, R., & O'Connor, R. C. (2007). Suicidal thinking and psychological distress: The role of ruminative response style. Killarney, Ireland: Presented at the XXIV World Congress of the International Association for Suicide Prevention.
45. Nepon, J., Belik, S., Bolton, J., & Sareen, J. (2010). The relationship between anxiety disorders and suicide attempts: Findings from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Depression and Anxiety, 27, 791-798.
46. O'Connor, R. C. (2007). The relations between perfectionism and suicidality: A systematic review. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 37, 698-714.
47. O'Connor, R. C., & Noyce, R. (2008). Personality and cognitive processes: Self-criticism and different types of rumination as predictors of suicidal ideation. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 46, 392-401.
48. Rosenfeld, B., Breitbart, W., Krivo, S., & Chochinov, H. M. (2000). Suicide, assisted suicide, and euthanasia in the terminally ill. In H. M. Chochinov & W. Breitbart (Eds.), Handbook of psychiatry in palliative medicine (pp. 51-62). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
49. Rude, S. S., & Burnham, B. L. (1995). Connectedness and neediness: Factors of the DEQ and SAS dependency scales. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 19, 323-340.
50. Sobel, M. E. (1982). Asymptotic intervals for indirect effects in structural equation models. In S. Leinhart (Ed.), Sociological methodology (pp. 290-312). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
51. Youssef, G., Plancherel, B., Laget, J., Corcos, M., Flament, M. F., & Halfon, O. (2004). Personality trait risk factors for attempted suicide among young women with eating disorders. European Psychiatry, 19, 131-139.