Breast-milk substitutes: A new old-threat for breastfeeding policy in developing countries. A case study in a traditionally high breastfeeding country

PLoS ONE

Volumn 7, Issue 2, 2012, Pages

  Barennes, Hubert ^a,b   Empis, Gwenaelle ^a   Quang, Thao Duong ^a   Sengkhamyong, Khouanheuan ^a   Phasavath, Phonethepa ^a   Harimanana, Aina ^a   Sambany, Emercia M ^a   Koffi, Paulin N ^a  

^a Institut de la Francophonie pour la Medecine Tropicale   (Laos)

^b INSERM   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; ARTIFICIAL MILK; AWARENESS; BREAST FEEDING EDUCATION; COLOSTRUM; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEMOGRAPHY; DEVELOPING COUNTRY; ETHNICITY; FEMALE; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HUMAN; PREVALENCE; QUESTIONNAIRE; RURAL AREA; SOCIOECONOMICS; URBAN AREA; BREAST FEEDING; INFANT; LAOS; MOTHER; SOCIAL CLASS; STATISTICS;

ADULT; BREAST FEEDING; DEVELOPING COUNTRIES; FEMALE; HUMANS; INFANT; LAOS; MILK SUBSTITUTES; MOTHERS; QUESTIONNAIRES; SOCIAL CLASS; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS;

EID: 84856804466     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030634     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Bhutta ZA, Ahmed T, Black RE, Cousens S, Dewey K, et al. (2008) What works? Interventions for maternal and child undernutrition and survival. Lancet 371: 417-440.
2. WHO (2002) The Optimal Duration of Exclusive Breastfeeding, Geneva, Available: http://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/optimal_duration_of_exc_bfeeding_report_eng.pdf. Accessed 2009 Sept 15.
3. UNICEF (2006) Exclusive breastfeeding. Available: http://www.unicef.org/progressforchildren/2006n4/index_breastfeeding.html. Accessed 2009 June 15.
4. Coutsoudis A, Coovadia HM, King J, (2009) The breast milk brand: promotion of child survival in the face of formula-milk marketing. Lancet 374: 423-425.
5. Slesak G, Douangdala P, Inthalad S, Onekeo B, Somsavad S, et al. (2008) Misuse of coffee creamer as a breast milk substitute: a lethal case revealing high use in an ethnic minority village in Northern Laos. Available: http://www.bmj.com/content/337/bmj.a1379.full/reply#bmj_el_207174. Accessed 2009 June 15.
6. Barennes H, Srour LM, (2009) Nestlé's violations of the international code on the marketing of breast milk substitutes. BMJ Available: http://www.bmj.com/content/337/bmj.a1379.full/reply#bmj_el_207174. Accessed 2009 Nov 15.
7. IBFAN (2011) Code essential 2: Guidelines for polycy makers on implementing the international code of marketing of breastmilk substitutes and subsequent WHA resolutions pp. 1-64 Available: http://www.infactcanada.ca/mall/code-essentials.asp. Accessed 2011 Nov 15.
8. National Statistics Centre. Population Census (2005) Available: http://www.nsc.gov.la/nada/ddibrowser/?section=accesspolicy&id=13#overview. Accessed 2008 March 15.
9. Barennes H, Simmala C, Odermatt P, Thaybouavone T, Vallee J, et al. (2007) Postpartum traditions and nutrition practices among urban Lao women and their infants in Vientiane, Lao PDR. Eur J Clin Nutr 63 (3): 323-331.
10. Holmes W, Hoy D, Lockley A, Thammavongxay K, Bounnaphol S, et al. (2007) Influences on maternal and child nutrition in the highlands of the northern Lao PDR. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 163: 537-545.
11. Sayasone S, Odermatt P, Khammanivong K, Phomluangsyl S, Vinhl CV, et al. (2004) Bladder stones in childhood: a descriptive study in a rural setting in Saravan Province, Lao PDR. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 35 (Suppl 2): 50-52.
12. Soukaloun D, Kounnavong S, Pengdy B, Boupha B, Durondej S, et al. (2003) Dietary and socio-economic factors associated with beriberi in breastfed Lao infants. Ann Trop Paediatr 233: 181-186.
13. Phimmasone K, Douangpoutha I, Fauveau V, Pholsena P, (1996) Nutritional status of children in the Lao PDR. J Trop Pediatr 421: 5-11.
14. World Food Program (2007) Lao PDR: Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis CFSVA. World Food Programme Available: URL:http://www.wfp.org/content/laos-comprehensive-food-security-vulnerability-analysis-cfsva. Accessed 2009 Mai 12.
15. Miyoshi M, Phommasack B, Nakamura S, Kuroiwa C, (2005) Nutritional status of children in rural Lao PDR: who are the most vulnerable? Eur J Clin Nutr 597: 887-890.
16. Putthakeo P, Ali M, Ito C, Vilayhong P, Kuroiwa C, (2009) Factors influencing breastfeeding in children less than 2 years of age in Lao PDR. J Paediatr Child Health 45: 487-492.
17. UNICEF. National Maternal and Child Nutrition Survey MICS3-NNS Report, The Lao PDR (2006) Available: http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/files/Lao_HAU_23_Sept_2008.pdf. Accessed 2009 Mai 12.
18. Barennes H, Andriatahina T, Latthaphasavang V, Anderson M, Srour L, (2008) Misperceptions and misuse of Bear Brand coffee creamer as infant food: national cross sectional survey of consumers and paediatricians in Laos. BMJ 337: a1379 Available: http://www.bmj.com/content/337/bmj.a1379.full.pdf. Accessed 2009 Mai 12.
19. Srour LM, Barennes H, (2009) Will Nestlé's Bears Continue to Mislead Parents and Threaten Infants Lives? BMJ Available: http://www.bmj.com/content/337/bmj.a1379.full/reply#bmj_el_207174. Accessed 2010 April 12.
20. Committee for Planning and Investment, National Statistics Centre. Lao reproductive health survey (2005) National Statistics Centre, UNFPA, editors. Lao PDR. Available: http://countryoffice.unfpa.org/lao/drive/LAOREPRODUCTIVEHEALTHSURVEY.pdf. Accessed 2009 April 12.
21. Association Médicale Mondiale Declaration of Helsinski. Available: http://www.wma.net/fr/30publications/10policies/b3/index.html. Accessed 2009 April 12.
22. Black MM, Walker SP, Wachs TD, Ulkuer N, Gardner JM, et al. (2008) Policies to reduce undernutrition include child development. Lancet 371: 454-455.
23. UNICEF. UNICEF global database on breastfeeding (2003) available: http://www.childinfo.org/breastfeeding_countrydata.php. Accessed 2009 April 12.
24. Arora S, McJunkin C, Wehrer J, Kuhn P, (2008) Major factors influencing breastfeeding rates: Mother's perception of father's attitude and milk supply. Pediatrics 1065: E67.
25. UNICEF. UNICEF global database on breastfeeding. (2009) available http://www.childinfo.org/breastfeeding_countrydata.php. Accessed 2010 March 10.
26. Stiegler R, (2008) Nestlé's works to ensure appropriate use of milk products. BMJ available: http://www.bmj.com/cgi/eletters/337/sep09_2/a1379. Accessed 2009 April 8.
27. Stiegler R, (2009) The latest step in a series of extraordinary labelling measures. BMJ Available: http://www.bmj.com/cgi/eletters/337/sep09_2/a1379. Accessed 2009 Oct 10.
28. Barennes H, Srour LM, (2009) Nestle's mommy bear does not breastfeed. BMJ Available: http://www.bmj.com/cgi/eletters/337/sep09_2/a1379#208354. Accessed 2009 dec 10.
29. IBFAN (2009) The International Code of Marketing of Breast Milk Substitutes. Available: http://www.ibfan.org/art/BTR_2010-ExecSummary%28final%29.pdf. Accessed 2010 Oct 10.
30. Foss KA, Southwell BG, (2006) Infant feeding and the media: the relationship between Parents' Magazine content and breastfeeding, 1972-2000. Int Breastfeed J 1: 10.
31. Petrova A, Hegyi T, Mehta R, (2007) Maternal race/ethnicity and one-month exclusive breastfeeding in association with the in-hospital feeding modality. Breastfeed Med 22: 92-98.
32. Coutinho SB, de Lira PI, de Carvalho LM, Ashworth A, (2005) Comparison of the effect of two systems for the promotion of exclusive breastfeeding. Lancet 366: 1094-1100.
33. Barennes H, Choonara I, (2008) Breast feeding and drug therapy in neglected diseases. Arch Dis Child 953: 222-223.
34. Kuhn L, Aldrovandi GM, Sinkala M, Kankasa C, Semrau K, et al. (2008) Effects of early, abrupt weaning on HIV-free survival of children in Zambia. N Engl J Med 3592: 130-141.
35. Kuhn L, Reitz C, Abrams EJ, (2009) Breastfeeding and AIDS in the developing world. Curr Opin Pediatr 211: 83-93.
36. Salud MA, Gallardo JI, Dineros JA, Gammad AF, Basilio J, et al. (2009) People's initiative to counteract misinformation and marketing practices: the Pembo, Philippines, breastfeeding experience, 2006. J Hum Lact 253: 341-349.
37. Lao voices (2010) Govt, UNICEF launch Exclusive Breastfeeding Campaign. Available: http://laovoices.com/2010/12/06/govt-unicef-launch-exclusive-breastfeeding-campaign/. Accessed 2010 Dec 15.