Developing a critical nitrogen dilution curve for forage brassicas

Grass and Forage Science

Volumn 67, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 13-23

  Fletcher, A L ^a   Chakwizira, E ^a  

^a THE NEW ZEALAND INSTITUTE FOR PLANT AND FOOD RESEARCH LIMITED   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

Brassica; Fertilizer management; Nitrate; Nitrogen; Nitrogen nutrition index

Indexed keywords

DATA SET; DICOTYLEDON; DILUTION; FERTILIZER APPLICATION; LIVESTOCK FARMING; NITRATE; NITROGEN; NUTRITIVE VALUE; PHYTOMASS;

BRASSICA; BRASSICA NAPUS; BRASSICA OLERACEA;

EID: 84856657780     PISSN: 01425242     EISSN: 13652494     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2494.2011.00830.x     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Akaike H. (1973) Information theory and an extension of the maximum likelihood principle. Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Information Theory, Budapest, Hungary.
2. Barry T.N., Manley T.R. and Millar K.R. (1982) Nutritional evaluation of kale (Brassica oleracea) diets. 4. Responses to supplementation with synthetic S-methyl-L-cysteine sulphoxide (SMCO). Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge, 99, 1-12.
3. Bradshaw J.E. and Borzucki R. (1981) The effect of cultivar and harvest date on the chemical composition and digestibility of fodder kale. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 32, 965-972.
4. Brown H.E., Maley S. and Wilson D.R. (2007) Investigations of alternative kale management: production, regrowth and quality from different sowing and defoliation dates. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association, 69, 29-33.
5. Clough T.J., Sherlock R.R., Mautner M.N., Milligan D.B., Wilson P.F., Freeman C.G. and McEwan M.J. (2003) Emission of nitrogen oxides and ammonia from varying rates of applied synthetic urine and correlations with soil chemistry. Soil Research, 41, 421-438.
6. Colnenne C., Meynard J.M., Reau R., Justes E. and Merrien A. (1998) Determination of a critical dilution curve for winter oilseed rape. Annals of Botany, 81, 311-317.
7. Cornforth I.S., Stephen R.C., Barry T.N. and Baird G.A. (1978) Mineral content of swedes, turnips, and kale. New Zealand Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 6, 151-156.
8. Di H.J. and Cameron K.C. (2002) Nitrate leaching in temperate agroecosystems: sources, factors and mitigating strategies. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 64, 237-256.
9. Flenet F., Gu′erif M., Boiffin J., Dorvillez D. and Champolivier L. (2006) The critical N dilution curve for linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is different from other C3 species. European Journal of Agronomy, 24, 367-373.
10. Fletcher A.L., Brown H.E., Maley S. and Wilson D.R. (2007) Forage production and nitrogen uptake of kale. In: Chapman D.F. (ed.) Meeting the challenges for pasture-based dairying. Proceedings of the 3rd Australasian Dairy Science Symposium, pp. 335-342. Melbourne, Victoria: National Dairy Alliance.
11. Fletcher A.L., Sinton S.M., Gillespie R.N., Maley S., Sim R.E., De Ruiter J.M. and Meenken E.D. (2010a) Drought response and water use efficiency of forage brassica crops. Proceedings Agronomy Society of New Zealand, in press.
12. Fletcher A.L., Wilson D.R., Maley S., McCallum J. and Shaw M. (2010b) The effect of sulphur and nitrogen fertiliser on anti-nutritional compounds in kale. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association, 72, 79-84.
13. Fraser M.D., Winters A., Fychan R., Davies D.R. and Jones R. (2001) The effect of harvest date and inoculation on the yield, fermentation characteristics and feeding value of kale silage. Grass and Forage Science, 56, 151-161.
14. Gabrielle B., Denoroy P., Gosse G., Justes E. and Andersen M.N. (1998) A model of leaf area development and senescence for winter oilseed rape. Field Crops Research, 57, 209-222.
15. Gowers S. (2010) Swedes and Turnips. In: Bradshaw J.E. (ed.) Handbook of plant breeding: root and tuber crops, pp. 245-295. New York: Springer.
16. Gramshaw D. and Crofts F.C. (1969) Effect of seeding rate and nitrogen fertiliser on production of autumn sown rape (Brassica napus) on the central tablelands of New South Wales. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, 9, 350-356.
17. Greenwood D.J., Lemaire G., Gosse G., Cruz P., Draycott A. and Neeteson J.J. (1990) Decline in percentage N of C3 and C4 crops with increasing plant mass. Annals of botany, 66, 425-436.
18. Guillard K. and Allinson D.W. (1988) Effects of nitrogen fertilization on a chinese cabbage hybrid. Agronomy Journal, 80, 21-26.
19. Guillard K. and Allinson D.W. (1989a) Seasonal variation in chemical composition of forage Brassicas I. Mineral concentrations and uptake. Agronomy Journal, 81, 876-881.
20. Guillard K. and Allinson D.W. (1989b) Seasonal variation in chemical composition of forage Brassicas II. Mineral imbalances and antiquality constituents. Agronomy Journal, 81, 881-886.
21. Guillard K., Pietrzyk S.W., Cassida K.A., Wiedenhoeft M.H., Hough R.L., Barton B.A. and Allinson D.W. (1995) Seasonal nitrogen and carbohydrate partitioning in forage brassicas. Agronomy Journal, 87, 562-569.
22. Harper F. and Compton I.J. (1980) Sowing date, harvest date and the yield of forage brassica crops. Grass and Forage Science, 35, 147-157.
23. Herrmann A. and Taube F. (2004) The range of the critical nitrogen dilution curve for maize (Zea mays L.) can be extended until silage maturity. Agronomy Journal, 96, 1131-1138.
24. Justes E., Mary B., Meynard J.M., Machet J.M. and Thelier-Huche L. (1994) Determination of a critical dilution curve for winter wheat crops. Annals of Botany, 74, 397-407.
25. Justes E., Denoroy P., Gabrielle B. and Gosse G. (2000) Effect of crop nitrogen status and temperaure on the radiation use efficiency of winter oilseed rape. European Journal of Agronomy, 13, 165-177.
26. Kalmbacher R.S., Everett P.H., Martin F.G. and Jung G.A. (1982) The management of Brassica for winter forage in the sub-tropics. Grass and Forage Science, 37, 219-225.
27. Keeney D.R. and Nelson D.W. (1982) Nitrogen - Inorganic forms. In: Page A.L., Miller R.H. and Keeney D.R. (eds) Methods of soil analysis. Part 2- Chemical and microbiological properties, 2nd edn, pp. 643-698. Madison, Wisconsin: American Society of Agronomy.
28. Kunelius H.T., Halliday L.J., Sanderson J.B. and Gupta U.C. (1989) Effect of harvest dates on yield and composition of forage kale. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 69, 143-149.
29. Lemaire G., Jeuffroy M.-H. and Gastal F. (2008) Diagnosis tool for plant and crop N status in vegetative stage: theory and practices for crop N management. European Journal of Agronomy, 28, 614-624.
30. Martin R.J., Wilson D.R., Gillespie R.N., Maley S. and Riddle M. (2006) Effect of water deficit on yield of Pasja forage brassica. In: Turner N. and Acuna T.. (eds) Proceedings of the 13th Australian Society of Agronomy conference: Groundbreaking stuff. Perth, WA, Australia, pp. 10-14 September 2006.
31. McDonald R.C., Manley T.R., Barry T.N., Forss D.A. and Sinclair A.G. (1981) Nutritional evaluation of kale (Brassica oleracea) diets. 3. Changes in plant composition induced by soil fertility practices, with special reference to SMCO and glucosinolate concentrations. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge, 97, 13-23.
32. Michalk D.L. and Witschi P.A. (1977) Dry matter production from irrigated winter forage crops in the Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, 17, 1004-1010.
33. Mills A., Moot D.J. and Jamieson P.D. (2009) Quantifying the effect of nitrogen on productivity of cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.) pastures. European Journal of Agronomy, 30, 63-69.
34. Nichol W.W. (2007) Nutritional disorders of ruminants caused by consumption of pasture and fodder crops. In: Rattray P.V., Brookes I.M. and Nicol A.M. (eds.) Pasture and supplements for grazing animals, 14th edn, pp. 133-149. Hamilton: New Zealand Society of Animal Production.
35. Pearson A.J. and Thomson N.A. (1996) Effect of nitrogen and phosphate fertiliser on the yield and nitrogen content of Barkant turnips sown as a summer supplementary feed for dairy cows in Taranaki. Proceedings Annual Conference - Agronomy Society of New Zealand, 26, 37-43.
36. Pelletier G., Donefer E. and Darisse J.P.F. (1976) Effects of dates of seed and levels of N fertilization on yields, chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of forage kale. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 56, 63-70.
37. Plenet D. and Lemaire G. (1999) Relationships between dynamics of nitrogen uptake and dry matter accumulation in maize crops. Determination of critical N concentration. Plant and Soil, 216, 65-82.
38. Rao S.C. and Horn F.P. (1986) Planting season and harvest date effects on dry matter production and nutritional value of Brassica spp. in the Southern Great Plains. Agronomy Journal, 78, 327-333.
39. Rowe B.A. and Neilsen J.E. (2010) Effects of irrigating forage turnips, Brassica rapa var. rapa, during different periods of vegetative growth. 1. Turnip yields, yield components and growth rates. Crop and Pasture Science, 61, 885-891.
40. Ruiter J., Wilson D.R., Maley S., Fletcher A.L., Fraser T., Scott W.R., Berryman B., Dumbleton A. and Nichol W. (2009) Management practices for forage brassicas. Christchurch, NZ: Plant and Food Research Ltd.
41. Sheehy J.E., Dionora M.J.A., Mitchell P.L., Peng S., Cassman K.G., Lemaire G. and Williams R.L. (1998) Critical nitrogen concentrations: implications for high yielding rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars in the tropics. Field Crops Research, 59, 31-41.
42. Sheldrick R.D. and Lavender R.H. (1981) A comparison of a hybrid stubble turnip (cv Appin) with other cruciferous catch crops for lamb fattening. 1. Initial evaluation for dry matter yield and forage quality. Grass and Forage Science, 36, 281-289.
43. Stephen R.C. (1975) Influence of sowing date on marrowstem kale production. Proceedings of the Agronomy Society of New Zealand, 5, 27-28.
44. Stevens D. and Carruthers A.Y. (2008) Can nitrogen fertiliser applied before sowing increase brassica yields in a dry environment? Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association, 70, 31-36.
45. 2O emissions from a winter forage crop. Plant and Soil, 309, 131-145.
46. Wiedenhoeft M.H. (1993) Management and environment effects on dry-matter yields of 3 brassica species. Agronomy Journal, 85, 549-553.
47. Wilson D.R., Reid J.B., Zyskowski R.F., Maley S., Pearson A.J., Armstrong S.D., Catto W.D. and Stafford A.D. (2006) Forecasting fertiliser requirements of forage brassica crops. Proceedings of the New Zealand Grassland Association, 68, 205-210.
48. Ziadi N., Brassard M., Belanger G., Cambouris A.N., Tremblay N., Nolin M.C., Claessens A. and Parent L.E. (2008) Critical Nitrogen Curve and Nitrogen Nutrition Index for corn in eastern Canada. Agronomy Journal, 100, 271-276.
49. Ziadi N., Belanger G., Claessens A., Lefebvre L., Cambouris A.N., Tremblay N., Nolin M.C. and Parent L.E. (2010) Determination of a critical nitrogen dilution curve for spring wheat. Agronomy Journal, 102, 241-250.
50. Zyskowski R.F., Wilson D.R. and Maley S. (2004) A cohort model for simulating forage brassica crops with variable plant size. In: Fischer T., Turner N., Angus J., McIntyre L., Roberston M., Borrell A. and Lloyd D. (eds). Proceedings of the 4th International Crop Science Congress, Brisbane, Australia, 26 September- 1 October 2004.