Pre-ALMA observations of GRBs in the mm/submm range

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Volumn 538, Issue , 2012, Pages

  De Ugarte Postigo, A ^a,b   Lundgren, A ^c,d   Martin S ^c   Garcia Appadoo, D ^c,d   De Gregorio Monsalvo, I ^c,d   Peck, A ^d   Michalowski M J ^e   Thone C C ^b   Campana, S ^f   Gorosabel, J ^b   Tanvir, N R ^g   Wiersema, K ^g   Castro Tirado, A J ^b   Schulze, S ^h   De Breuck, C ⁱ   Petitpas, G ^j   Hjorth, J ^a   Jakobsson, P ^h   Covino, S ^f   Fynbo, J P U ^a   Winters, J M ^k   Bremer, M ^k   Levan, A J ^l   Llorente, A ^m   Sanchez Ramirez R ^b   Tello, J C ^b   Salvaterra, R ⁿ   more..

^a UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

^b INSTITUTO DE ASTROFÍSICA DE ANDALUCÍA CSIC   (Spain)

^c EUROPEAN SOUTHERN OBSERVATORY   (Chile)

^d JOINT ALMA OBSERVATORY   (Chile)

^e UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH   (United Kingdom)

^f INAF OSSERVATORIO ASTRONOMICO DI BRERA   (Italy)

^g UNIVERSITY OF LEICESTER   (United Kingdom)

^h UNIVERSITY OF ICELAND   (Iceland)

ⁱ EUROPEAN SOUTHERN OBSERVATORY   (Germany)

^j HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CENTER FOR ASTROPHYSICS   (United States)

^k IRAM   (France)

^l UNIVERSITY OF WARWICK   (United Kingdom)

^m EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY   (Spain)

ⁿ INAF IASF MILANO   (Italy)

more..

Author keywords

gamma ray burst: general; submillimeter: general

Indexed keywords

AFTERGLOW EMISSION; ATACAMA LARGE MILLIMETER/SUBMILLIMETER ARRAY; ATACAMA PATHFINDER EXPERIMENTS; COMMISSIONING PHASE; FLUX DENSITIES; GAMMA RAY BURSTS; HOST GALAXIES; LOW SENSITIVITY; ORDERS OF MAGNITUDE; RED SHIFT; SPECTRAL RANGE; SUBMILLIMETER ARRAY; SUBMILLIMETER RANGE; SUBMILLIMETER: GENERALS; SYNCHROTRON EMISSION;

BUILDINGS; GALAXIES; LIBRARIES; LUMINANCE; OBSERVATORIES; STARS;

GAMMA RAYS;

EID: 84856528290     PISSN: 00046361     EISSN: 14320746     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201117848     Document Type: Article

References (207)

1. Akerlof, C., Balsano, R., Barthelmy, S., et al. 1999, Nature, 398, 400
2. Antonelli, L. A., Maund, J. R., Palazzi, E., et al. 2010, GRB Coordinates Network, 10620
3. Barnard, V. E., Blain, A. W., Tanvir, N. R., et al. 2003, MNRAS, 338, 1
4. Barnard, V., Schieven, G., Tilanus, R., Lundin, E., & Ivison, R. 2005, GRB Coordinates Network, 3515
5. Barthelmy, S. D., Burrows, D. N., Cummings, J. R., et al. 2011, GRB Coordinates Network, 12124
6. Berger, E., Sari, R., Frail, D. A., et al. 2000, ApJ, 545, 56
7. Berger, E., Cowie, L. L., Kulkarni, S. R., et al. 2003, ApJ, 588, 99
8. Bertoldi, F., Frail, D. A.,Weiss, A., et al. 2002, GRB Coordinates Network, 1497
9. Bertoldi, F., Bonn, M., Frail, D. A., et al. 2003a, GRB Coordinates Network, 2440
10. Bertoldi, F., Frail, D. A., Berger, E.,Menten, K. M., & Kulkarni, S. 2003b, GRB Coordinates Network, 1835
11. Bertoldi, F., Frail, D. A.,Weiss, A., et al. 2005, GRB Coordinates Network, 3091
12. Björnsson, G., Gudmundsson, E. H., & Jóhannesson, G. 2004, ApJ, 615, L77
13. Blake, C. H., Bloom, J. S., Starr, D. L., et al. 2005, Nature, 435, 181
14. Bloom, J. S., Kulkarni, S. R., & Djorgovski, S. G. 2002, AJ, 123, 1111
15. Bloom, J. S., Perley, D. A., Li, W., et al. 2009, ApJ, 691, 723
16. Bock, D., Chandra, P., Frail, D. A., & Kulkarni, S. R. 2009a, GRB Coordinates Network, 9005
17. Bock, D., Chandra, P., Frail, D. A., & Kulkarni, S. R. 2009b, GRB Coordinates Network, 9274
18. Bremer, M., & Castro-Tirado, A. J. 2002, GRB Coordinates Network, 1487
19. Bremer, M., Krichbaum, T. P., Galama, T. J., et al. 1998, A&A, 332, L13
20. Bremer, M., Castro-Tirado, A. J., & Neri, R. 2005, GRB Coordinates Network, 4157
21. Burrows, D. N., Hill, J. E., Nousek, J. A., et al. 2005, Space Sci. Rev., 120, 165
22. Cameron, P. B., & Frail, D. A. 2005, GRB Coordinates Network, 4154
23. Campana, S., Mangano, V., Blustin, A. J., et al. 2006, Nature, 442, 1008
24. Castro Cerón, J. M., Gorosabel, J., Castro-Tirado, A. J., et al. 2004, A&A, 424, 833
25. Castro Cerón, J. M., Michałowski, M. J., Hjorth, J., et al. 2006, ApJ, 653, L85
26. Castro Cerón, J. M., Michałowski, M. J., Hjorth, J., et al. 2010, ApJ, 721, 1919
27. Castro-Tirado, A. J., de Ugarte Postigo, A., Gorosabel, J., et al. 2005, A&A, 439, L15
28. Castro-Tirado, A. J., Bremer, M., McBreen, S., et al. 2007, A&A, 475, 101
29. Castro-Tirado, A. J., Bremer, M., Winters, J., et al. 2009a, GRB Coordinates Network, 9100
30. Castro-Tirado, A. J., Bremer, M., Winters, J., et al. 2009b, GRB Coordinates Network, 9273
31. Cenko, S. B., Frail, D. A., Harrison, F. A., et al. 2010, ApJ, 711, 641
32. Chandra, P., & Frail, D. A. 2010, GRB Coordinates Network, Circular Service, 11257, 1, 1257
33. Chandra, P., & Frail, D. A. 2012, ApJ, in press [arXiv:1110.4124]
34. Chandra, P., Cenko, S. B., Frail, D. A., et al. 2008, ApJ, 683, 924
35. Chandra, P., Frail, D. A., Fox, D., et al. 2010, ApJ, 712, L31
36. Chattopadhyay, T., Misra, R., Chattopadhyay, A. K., & Naskar, M. 2007, ApJ, 667, 1017
37. Chornock, R., Berger, E., Fox, D., et al. 2010, GRB Coordinates Network, Circular Service, 11164, 1
38. Christensen, L., Hjorth, J., & Gorosabel, J. 2004, A&A, 425, 913
39. Costa, E., Frontera, F., Heise, J., et al. 1997, Nature, 387, 783
40. Covino, S., Campana, S., Conciatore, M. L., et al. 2010, A&A, 521, A53
41. Dai, Z. G., & Lu, T. 1998, A&A, 333, L87
42. Dai, Z. G., & Lu, T. 2002, ApJ, 565, L87
43. De Ugarte Postigo, A., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Gorosabel, J., et al. 2005, A&A, 443, 841
44. De Ugarte Postigo, A., Fatkhullin, T. A., Jóhannesson, G., et al. 2007, A&A, 462, L57
45. De Ugarte Postigo, A., Lundgren, A., De Breuck, C., Castro-Tirado, A. J., & Jelinek, M. 2009a, GRB Coordinates Network, 10129
46. De Ugarte Postigo, A., Lundgren, A., De Breuck, C., et al. 2009b, GRB Coordinates Network, 10206
47. De Ugarte Postigo, A., De Breuck, C., Castro-Tirado, A. J., et al. 2010a, GRB Coordinates Network, 11098
48. De Ugarte Postigo, A., Flores, H., Wiersema, K., et al. 2010b, GRB Coordinates Network, 11307
49. De Ugarte Postigo, A., Goldoni, P., Thöne, C. C., et al. 2010c, A&A, 513, A42
50. De Ugarte Postigo, A., Lundrgren, A., Wyrowski, F., et al. 2010d, GRB Coordinates Network, 11304
51. De Ugarte Postigo, A., Martin-Ruiz, S., Petitpas, G., & Castro-Tirado, A. J. 2010e, GRB Coordinates Network, 11211
52. De Ugarte Postigo, A., Castro-Tirado, A. J., & Gorosabel, J. 2011a, GRB Coordinates Network, Circular Service, 11978, 1
53. De Ugarte Postigo, A., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Tello, J. C., Cabrera Lavers, A., & Reverte, D. 2011b, GRB Coordinates Network, Circular Service, 11993
54. De Ugarte Postigo, A., De Breuck, C., Lundgren, A., & Dumke, M. 2011c, GRB Coordinates Network, 12381
55. De Ugarte Postigo, A., Lundgren, A., De Breuck, C., et al. 2011d, GRB Coordinates Network, 12151
56. De Ugarte Postigo, A., Lundgren, A., Mac-Auliffe, F., et al. 2011e, GRB Coordinates Network, 12168
57. De Ugarte Postigo, A., Petitpas, G., & Martin, S. 2011f, GRB Coordinates Network, 12002
58. Endo, A., Kohno, K., Hatsukade, B., et al. 2007, ApJ, 659, 1431
59. Esin, A. A., & Blandford, R. 2000, ApJ, 534, L151
60. Evans, P. A., Beardmore, A. P., Page, K. L., et al. 2009, MNRAS, 397, 1177
61. Evans, P. A.,Willingale, R., Osborne, J. P., et al. 2010, A&A, 519, A102
62. Ferkinhoff, C., Hailey-Dunsheath, S., Nikola, T., et al. 2010, ApJ, 714, L147
63. Fong, W., & Berger, E. 2011, GRB Coordinates Network, 12155
64. Frail, D. A., Kulkarni, S. R., Nicastro, L., Feroci, M., & Taylor, G. B. 1997, Nature, 389, 261
65. Frail, D. A., Berger, E., Galama, T., et al. 2000, ApJ, 538, L129
66. Frail, D. A., Bertoldi, F., Moriarty-Schieven, G. H., et al. 2002, ApJ, 565, 829
67. Frail, D. A., Cameron, P. B., Kasliwal, M., et al. 2006, ApJ, 646, L99
68. Fruchter, A. S., Levan, A. J., Strolger, L., et al. 2006, Nature, 441, 463
69. Fynbo, J. P. U., Jakobsson, P., Prochaska, J. X., et al. 2009, ApJS, 185, 526
70. Galama, T. J., Briggs, M. S., Wijers, R. A. M. J., et al. 1999, Nature, 398, 394
71. Galama, T. J., Bremer, M., Bertoldi, F., et al. 2000, ApJ, 541, L45
72. Galama, T. J., Reichart, D., Brown, T. M., et al. 2003, ApJ, 587, 135
73. Garnavich, P. M., Loeb, A., & Stanek, K. Z. 2000, ApJ, 544, L11
74. Gehrels, N., Sarazin, C. L., O'Brien, P. T., et al. 2005, Nature, 437, 851
75. Golenetskii, S., Aptekar, R., Frederiks, D., et al. 2011, GRB Coordinates Network, 12362
76. Gorosabel, J., Christensen, L., Hjorth, J., et al. 2003a, A&A, 400, 127
77. Gorosabel, J., Klose, S., Christensen, L., et al. 2003b, A&A, 409, 123
78. Gorosabel, J., de Ugarte Postigo, A., Castro-Tirado, A. J., et al. 2010, A&A, 522, A14
79. Götz, D., Covino, S., Hascoët, R., et al. 2011, MNRAS, 413, 2173
80. Granot, J., Nakar, E., & Piran, T. 2003, Nature, 426, 138
81. Greiner, J., Krühler, T., McBreen, S., et al. 2009, ApJ, 693, 1912
82. Greiner, J., Peimbert, M., Estaban, C., et al. 2003, GRB Coordinates Network, 2020
83. Greve, T. R., Bertoldi, F., Smail, I., et al. 2005, MNRAS, 359, 1165
84. Gruendl, R. A., Smith, I. A., Forester, R., et al. 1998, in Gamma-Ray Bursts, 4th Hunstville Symposium, ed. C. A.Meegan, R. D. Preece, & T.M. Koshut, AIP Conf. Ser., 428, 576
85. Güsten, R., Nyman, L. Å., Schilke, P., et al. 2006, A&A, 454, L13
86. Haislip, J. B., Nysewander, M. C., Reichart, D. E., et al. 2006, Nature, 440, 181
87. Hatsukade, B., Kohno, K., Endo, A., et al. 2007, PASJ, 59, 67
88. Hatsukade, B., Kohno, K., Endo, A., Nakanishi, K., & Ohta, K. 2011, ApJ, 738, 33
89. Hjorth, J., Sollerman, J., Møller, P., et al. 2003, Nature, 423, 847
90. Hjorth, J., Sollerman, J., Gorosabel, J., et al. 2005, ApJ, 630, L117
91. Huang, M., Zhang, B., Xu, D., et al. 2011, GRB Coordinates Network, 12006
92. Inoue, S., Omukai, K., & Ciardi, B. 2007, MNRAS, 380, 1715
93. Ioka, K., & Nakamura, T. 2001, ApJ, 561, 703
94. Ivison, R. J., Papadopoulos, P. P., Smail, I., et al. 2011, MNRAS, 412, 1913
95. Jakobsson, P., Hjorth, J., Fynbo, J. P. U., et al. 2004, ApJ, 617, L21
96. Jakobsson, P., Hjorth, J., Malesani, D., et al. 2012, ApJ, in press
97. Jaunsen, A. O., Andersen, M. I., Hjorth, J., et al. 2003, A&A, 402, 125
98. Jelínek, M., Prouza, M., Kubánek, P., et al. 2006, A&A, 454, L119
99. Jóhannesson, G., Björnsson, G., & Gudmundsson, E. H. 2006, ApJ, 647, 1238
100. Kann, D. A., Klose, S., & Zeh, A. 2006, ApJ, 641, 993
101. Kann, D. A., Klose, S., Zhang, B., et al. 2010, ApJ, 720, 1513
102. Kawai, N., Kosugi, G., Aoki, K., et al. 2006, Nature, 440, 184
103. King, A., Olsson, E., & Davies, M. B. 2007, MNRAS, 374, L34
104. Klebesadel, R. W., Strong, I. B., & Olson, R. A. 1973, ApJ, 182, L85
105. Kohno, K., Tosaki, T., Okuda, T., et al. 2005, PASJ, 57, 147
106. Kovács, A. 2008, in SPIE Conf. Ser., 7020
107. Kovács, A., Chapman, S. C., Dowell, C. D., et al. 2006, ApJ, 650, 592
108. Kumar, P., & Piran, T. 2000, ApJ, 535, 152
109. Kuno, N., Sato, N., Nakanishi, H., et al. 2004, PASJ, 56, L1
110. Levan, A. J., Wynn, G. A., Chapman, R., et al. 2006, MNRAS, 368, L1
111. Levan, A. J., Tanvir, N. R., Wiersema, K., Berger, E., & Fox, D. 2011, GRB Coordinates Network, 12368
112. Lipkin, Y. M., Ofek, E. O., Gal-Yam, A., et al. 2004, ApJ, 606, 381
113. Loeb, A., & Perna, R. 1998, ApJ, 495, 597
114. Madau, P. 1995, ApJ, 441, 18
115. Maiolino, R., Caselli, P., Nagao, T., et al. 2009, A&A, 500, L1
116. Malesani, D., Hjorth, J., Jakobsson, P., et al. 2008, GRB Coordinates Network, 7169
117. Malesani, D., Fugazza, D., D'Avanzo, P., et al. 2011, GRB Coordinates Network, Circular Service, 11977, 1
118. Mangano, V., Sbarufatti, B., Evans, P. A., & Krimm, H. A. 2011, GRB Coordinates Network, 12364
119. Martin, S., Petitpas, G., de Ugarte Postigo, A., et al. 2010, GRB Coordinates Network, 10630
120. Melandri, A., Kobayashi, S., Mundell, C. G., et al. 2010, ApJ, 723, 1331
121. Mészáros, P., & Gruzinov, A. 2000, ApJ, 543, L35
122. Mészáros, P., Rees, M. J., & Wijers, R. A. M. J. 1998, ApJ, 499, 301
123. Michałowski, M. J., Hjorth, J., Castro Cerón, J. M., & Watson, D. 2008, ApJ, 672, 817
124. Michałowski, M. J., Hjorth, J., Malesani, D., et al. 2009, ApJ, 693, 347
125. Michałowski, M., Hjorth, J., & Watson, D. 2010, A&A, 514, A67
126. Morgan, A. N., & Bower, G. C. 2009, GRB Coordinates Network, 9685
127. Nakar, E., & Piran, T. 2003, ApJ, 598, 400
128. Narayan, R., Paczynski, B., & Piran, T. 1992, ApJ, 395, L83
129. O'Meara, J., Chen, H.-W., & Prochaska, J. X. 2010, GRB Coordinates Network, Circular Service, 11089, 1, 1089
130. Östlin, G., Zackrisson, E., Sollerman, J., Mattila, S., & Hayes, M. 2008, MNRAS, 387, 1227
131. Paczynski, B. 1990, ApJ, 363, 218
132. Paczýnski, B. 1998, in Gamma-Ray Bursts, 4th Hunstville Symposium, ed. C. A. Meegan, R. D. Preece, & T. M. Koshut, AIP Conf. Ser., 428, 783
133. Pandey, S. B., Sagar, R., Anupama, G. C., et al. 2004, A&A, 417, 919
134. Pandey, S. B., Castro-Tirado, A. J., McBreen, S., et al. 2006, A&A, 460, 415
135. Pandey, S. B., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Jelínek, M., et al. 2009, A&A, 504, 45
136. Pérez-Ramírez, D., de Ugarte Postigo, A., Gorosabel, J., et al. 2010, A&A, 510, A105
137. Petitpas, G., Zauderer, A., Berger, E., et al. 2011, GRB Coordinates Network, 11650
138. Piran, T. 1999, Phys. Rep., 314, 575
139. Piranomonte, S., Vergani, S. D., Malesani, D., Fynbo, J. P. U., & Wiersema, K. 2011, GRB Coordinates Network, 12164
140. Priddey, R. S., Tanvir, N. R., Levan, A. J., et al. 2006, MNRAS, 369, 1189
141. Prochaska, J. X., Sheffer, Y., Perley, D. A., et al. 2009, ApJ, 691, L27
142. Racusin, J. L., Karpov, S. V., Sokolowski, M., et al. 2008, Nature, 455, 183
143. Ramirez-Ruiz, E. 2004, MNRAS, 349, L38
144. Ramirez-Ruiz, E., Dray, L. M., Madau, P., & Tout, C. A. 2001, MNRAS, 327, 829
145. Rees, M. J., & Meszaros, P. 1992, MNRAS, 258, 41
146. Rees, M. J., & Meszaros, P. 1998, ApJ, 496, L1
147. Reichart, D. E. 2001, ApJ, 554, 643
148. Resmi, L., Ishwara-Chandra, C. H., Castro-Tirado, A. J., et al. 2005, A&A, 440, 477
149. Rhoads, J. E. 1999, ApJ, 525, 737
150. Riechers, D. A., Walter, F., Bertoldi, F., Carilli, C. L., & Cox, P. 2009a, GRB Coordinates Network, 9321
151. Riechers, D. A.,Walter, F., Bertoldi, F., et al. 2009b, GRB Coordinates Network, 9322
152. Rol, E., van der Horst, A.,Wiersema, K., et al. 2007, ApJ, 669, 1098
153. Rossi, E., Lazzati, D., & Rees, M. J. 2002, MNRAS, 332, 945
154. Rossi, A., de Ugarte Postigo, A., Ferrero, P., et al. 2008, A&A, 491, L29
155. Sagar, R., Stalin, C. S., Bhattacharya, D., et al. 2001, BASI, 29, 91
156. Salvaterra, R., Della Valle, M., Campana, S., et al. 2009, Nature, 461, 1258
157. Sari, R., & Mészáros, P. 2000, ApJ, 535, L33
158. Sari, R., Piran, T., & Narayan, R. 1998, ApJ, 497, L17
159. Sault, R. J., Teuben, P. J., & Wright, M. C. H. 1995, in Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems IV, ed. R. A. Shaw, H. E. Payne, & J. J. E. Hayes, ASP Conf. Ser., 77, 433
160. Savaglio, S., Fall, S. M., & Fiore, F. 2003, ApJ, 585, 638
161. Savaglio, S., Glazebrook, K., & LeBorgne, D. 2009, ApJ, 691, 182
162. Sheffer, Y., Prochaska, J. X., Draine, B. T., Perley, D. A., & Bloom, J. S. 2009, ApJ, 701, L63
163. Shepherd, D. S., Metzger, M. R., & Kulkarni, S. R. 1997, IAU Circ., 6664, 1
164. Sheth, K., Frail, D. A., White, S., et al. 2003, ApJ, 595, L33
165. Siringo, G., Kreysa, E., Kovács, A., et al. 2009, A&A, 497, 945
166. Smith, I. A., Gruendl, R. A., Liang, E. P., & Lo, K. Y. 1997, ApJ, 487, L5
167. Smith, I. A., Tilanus, R. P. J., van Paradijs, J., et al. 1999, A&A, 347, 92
168. Smith, I. A., Tilanus, R. P. J., Wijers, R. A. M. J., et al. 2001, A&A, 380, 81
169. Smith, I. A., Tilanus, R. P. J., Tanvir, N., et al. 2005a, A&A, 439, 987
170. Smith, I. A., Tilanus, R. P. J., Tanvir, N., et al. 2005b, A&A, 439, 981
171. Soderberg, A. M., Kulkarni, S. R., Nakar, E., et al. 2006, Nature, 442, 1014
172. Soderberg, A. M., Berger, E., Page, K. L., et al. 2008, Nature, 453, 469
173. Stanek, K. Z., Matheson, T., Garnavich, P. M., et al. 2003, ApJ, 591, L17
174. Stanway, E. R., Bremer, M. N., Tanvir, N. R., Levan, A. J., & Davies, L. J.M. 2011, MNRAS, 410, 1496
175. Stratta, G., Gallerani, S., & Maiolino, R. 2011, A&A, 532, A45
176. Sturm, E., Verma, A., Graciá-Carpio, J., et al. 2010, A&A, 518, L36
177. Svensson, K. M., Tanvir, N. R., Perley, D. A., et al. 2011, MNRAS, accepted [arXiv:1109.3167]
178. Tagliaferri, G., Antonelli, L. A., Chincarini, G., et al. 2005, A&A, 443, L1
179. Tanvir, N. R., Barnard, V. E., Blain, A. W., et al. 2004, MNRAS, 352, 1073
180. Tanvir, N. R., Fox, D. B., Levan, A. J., et al. 2009, Nature, 461, 1254
181. Tanvir, N. R., Wiersema, K., Levan, A. J., Greiss, S., & Gaensicke, B. 2011, GRB Coordinates Network, 12365
182. Taylor, G. B., Frail, D. A., Kulkarni, S. R., et al. 1998, ApJ, 502, L115
183. Thöne, C. C., Fynbo, J. P. U., Östlin, G., et al. 2008, ApJ, 676, 1151
184. Thöne, C. C., de Ugarte Postigo, A., Fryer, C. L., et al. 2011, Nature, 480, 72
185. Toma, K., Ioka, K., & Nakamura, T. 2008, ApJ, 673, L123
186. Van der Horst, A. J., Kouveliotou, C., Gehrels, N., et al. 2009, ApJ, 699, 1087
187. Van der Horst, A. J., Linford, J. D., Taylor, G. B., et al. 2010a, The Astronomer's Telegram, 2918, 1
188. Van der Horst, A. J.,Wiersema, K., Kamble, A. P., et al. 2010b, GRB Coordinates Network, Circular Service, 11256, 1
189. Van der Horst, A. J.,Wiersema, K., Kamble, A. P., et al. 2010c, GRB Coordinates Network, Circular Service, 11221, 1
190. Van Paradijs, J., Groot, P. J., Galama, T., et al. 1997, Nature, 386, 686
191. Vergani, S. D., Flores, H., Covino, S., et al. 2011, A&A, 535, A127
192. Wagg, J., Wilner, D. J., Neri, R., Downes, D., & Wiklind, T. 2006, ApJ, 651, 46
193. Walter, F., Carilli, C., Bertoldi, F.,&Weiss, A. 2006, GRB Coordinates Network, 5300
194. Wang, X., & Loeb, A. 2000, ApJ, 535, 788
195. Watson, D., French, J., Christensen, L., et al. 2011, ApJ, 741, 58
196. Weiß, A., Downes, D., Henkel, C., & Walter, F. 2005a, A&A, 429, L25
197. Weiß, A., Downes, D.,Walter, F., & Henkel, C. 2005b, A&A, 440, L45
198. Weiß, A., Downes, D., Neri, R., et al. 2007, A&A, 467, 955
199. Wijers, R. A. M. J., & Galama, T. J. 1999, ApJ, 523, 177
200. Woosley, S. E. 1993, ApJ, 405, 273
201. Zafar, T., Watson, D. J., Malesani, D., et al. 2010, A&A, 515, A94
202. Zauderer, A., & Berger, E. 2011, GRB Coordinates Network, 12190
203. Zauderer, A., Berger, E., & Frail, D. 2011a, GRB Coordinates Network, 11661
204. Zauderer, A., Frail, D. A., Berger, E.,&Kulkarni, S. R. 2011b, GRB Coordinates Network, 11580
205. Zauderer, A., Petitpas, G., & Berger, E. 2011c, GRB Coordinates Network, 12189
206. Zhang, B., & Mészáros, P. 2002, ApJ, 566, 712
207. Zheng, W., Shen, R. F., Sakamoto, T., et al. 2011, ApJ, submitted [arXiv:1111.0283]