메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 7, Issue 1, 2012, Pages

Reorganizing the intrinsic functional architecture of the human primary motor cortex during rest with non-invasive cortical stimulation

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; BRAIN FUNCTION; BRAIN REGION; CELL COMMUNICATION; CELL POPULATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; GRAY MATTER; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; MALE; NERVE CELL; NERVE CELL NETWORK; NERVE CELL PLASTICITY; NORMAL HUMAN; PRIMARY MOTOR CORTEX; REST; SYNAPTIC POTENTIAL; TRANSCRANIAL DIRECT CURRENT STIMULATION; VOLUNTEER; ELECTROSTIMULATION; IMAGE PROCESSING; MOTOR CORTEX; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PHYSIOLOGY;

EID: 84856386230     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030971     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (89)

References (54)
  • 1
    • 34447314012 scopus 로고
    • The human sensorimotor cortex as studied by electrical stimulation
    • Rasmussen T, Penfield W, (1947) The human sensorimotor cortex as studied by electrical stimulation. Fed Proc 6: 184.
    • (1947) Fed Proc , vol.6 , pp. 184
    • Rasmussen, T.1    Penfield, W.2
  • 2
    • 0034117116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relation between human brain activity and hand movements
    • Sanes JN, (2000) The relation between human brain activity and hand movements. Neuroimage 11: 370-374.
    • (2000) Neuroimage , vol.11 , pp. 370-374
    • Sanes, J.N.1
  • 3
    • 0026504373 scopus 로고
    • Organization of the forelimb area in squirrel monkey motor cortex: representation of digit, wrist, and elbow muscles
    • Donoghue JP, Leibovic S, Sanes JN, (1992) Organization of the forelimb area in squirrel monkey motor cortex: representation of digit, wrist, and elbow muscles. Exp Brain Res 89: 1-19.
    • (1992) Exp Brain Res , vol.89 , pp. 1-19
    • Donoghue, J.P.1    Leibovic, S.2    Sanes, J.N.3
  • 4
    • 0026826206 scopus 로고
    • Immediate and delayed changes of rat motor cortical output representation with new forelimb configurations
    • Sanes JN, Wang J, Donoghue JP, (1992) Immediate and delayed changes of rat motor cortical output representation with new forelimb configurations. Cereb Cortex 2: 141-152.
    • (1992) Cereb Cortex , vol.2 , pp. 141-152
    • Sanes, J.N.1    Wang, J.2    Donoghue, J.P.3
  • 5
    • 0034078884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasticity and primary motor cortex
    • Sanes JN, Donoghue JP, (2000) Plasticity and primary motor cortex. Annu Rev Neurosci 23: 393-415.
    • (2000) Annu Rev Neurosci , vol.23 , pp. 393-415
    • Sanes, J.N.1    Donoghue, J.P.2
  • 6
    • 0034973144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Orderly somatotopy in primary motor cortex: does it exist?
    • Sanes JN, Schieber MH, (2001) Orderly somatotopy in primary motor cortex: does it exist? Neuroimage 13: 968-974.
    • (2001) Neuroimage , vol.13 , pp. 968-974
    • Sanes, J.N.1    Schieber, M.H.2
  • 7
    • 0034729612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor cortex rules for learning and memory
    • Sanes JN, (2000) Motor cortex rules for learning and memory. Curr Biol 10: R495-497.
    • (2000) Curr Biol , vol.10
    • Sanes, J.N.1
  • 8
    • 79955944629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-term and long-term plasticity interaction in human primary motor cortex
    • Iezzi E, Suppa A, Conte A, Li Voti P, Bologna M, et al. (2011) Short-term and long-term plasticity interaction in human primary motor cortex. Eur J Neurosci 33: 1908-1915.
    • (2011) Eur J Neurosci , vol.33 , pp. 1908-1915
    • Iezzi, E.1    Suppa, A.2    Conte, A.3    Li Voti, P.4    Bologna, M.5
  • 9
    • 79960329360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuromodulatory Neurotransmitters Influence LTP-Like Plasticity in Human Cortex: A Pharmaco-TMS Study
    • Korchounov A, Ziemann U, (2011) Neuromodulatory Neurotransmitters Influence LTP-Like Plasticity in Human Cortex: A Pharmaco-TMS Study. Neuropsychopharmacology.
    • (2011) Neuropsychopharmacology
    • Korchounov, A.1    Ziemann, U.2
  • 10
    • 0034666046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Excitability changes induced in the human motor cortex by weak transcranial direct current stimulation
    • Nitsche MA, Paulus W, (2000) Excitability changes induced in the human motor cortex by weak transcranial direct current stimulation. J Physiol 527 Pt 3: 633-639.
    • (2000) J Physiol , vol.527 Pt , pp. 633-639
    • Nitsche, M.A.1    Paulus, W.2
  • 11
    • 0035960657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sustained excitability elevations induced by transcranial DC motor cortex stimulation in humans
    • Nitsche MA, Paulus W, (2001) Sustained excitability elevations induced by transcranial DC motor cortex stimulation in humans. Neurology 57: 1899-1901.
    • (2001) Neurology , vol.57 , pp. 1899-1901
    • Nitsche, M.A.1    Paulus, W.2
  • 12
    • 0036787484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological approach to the mechanisms of transcranial DC-stimulation-induced after-effects of human motor cortex excitability
    • Liebetanz D, Nitsche MA, Tergau F, Paulus W, (2002) Pharmacological approach to the mechanisms of transcranial DC-stimulation-induced after-effects of human motor cortex excitability. Brain 125: 2238-2247.
    • (2002) Brain , vol.125 , pp. 2238-2247
    • Liebetanz, D.1    Nitsche, M.A.2    Tergau, F.3    Paulus, W.4
  • 13
    • 0344033802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological modulation of cortical excitability shifts induced by transcranial direct current stimulation in humans
    • Nitsche MA, Fricke K, Henschke U, Schlitterlau A, Liebetanz D, et al. (2003) Pharmacological modulation of cortical excitability shifts induced by transcranial direct current stimulation in humans. J Physiol 553: 293-301.
    • (2003) J Physiol , vol.553 , pp. 293-301
    • Nitsche, M.A.1    Fricke, K.2    Henschke, U.3    Schlitterlau, A.4    Liebetanz, D.5
  • 14
    • 2942620888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GABAergic modulation of DC stimulation-induced motor cortex excitability shifts in humans
    • Nitsche MA, Liebetanz D, Schlitterlau A, Henschke U, Fricke K, et al. (2004) GABAergic modulation of DC stimulation-induced motor cortex excitability shifts in humans. Eur J Neurosci 19: 2720-2726.
    • (2004) Eur J Neurosci , vol.19 , pp. 2720-2726
    • Nitsche, M.A.1    Liebetanz, D.2    Schlitterlau, A.3    Henschke, U.4    Fricke, K.5
  • 16
    • 77952416389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct current stimulation promotes BDNF-dependent synaptic plasticity: potential implications for motor learning
    • Fritsch B, Reis J, Martinowich K, Schambra HM, Ji Y, et al. (2010) Direct current stimulation promotes BDNF-dependent synaptic plasticity: potential implications for motor learning. Neuron 66: 198-204.
    • (2010) Neuron , vol.66 , pp. 198-204
    • Fritsch, B.1    Reis, J.2    Martinowich, K.3    Schambra, H.M.4    Ji, Y.5
  • 17
    • 33745890641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhancement of non-dominant hand motor function by anodal transcranial direct current stimulation
    • Boggio PS, Castro LO, Savagim EA, Braite R, Cruz VC, et al. (2006) Enhancement of non-dominant hand motor function by anodal transcranial direct current stimulation. Neurosci Lett 404: 232-236.
    • (2006) Neurosci Lett , vol.404 , pp. 232-236
    • Boggio, P.S.1    Castro, L.O.2    Savagim, E.A.3    Braite, R.4    Cruz, V.C.5
  • 18
    • 0038405097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Facilitation of implicit motor learning by weak transcranial direct current stimulation of the primary motor cortex in the human
    • Nitsche MA, Schauenburg A, Lang N, Liebetanz D, Exner C, et al. (2003) Facilitation of implicit motor learning by weak transcranial direct current stimulation of the primary motor cortex in the human. J Cogn Neurosci 15: 619-626.
    • (2003) J Cogn Neurosci , vol.15 , pp. 619-626
    • Nitsche, M.A.1    Schauenburg, A.2    Lang, N.3    Liebetanz, D.4    Exner, C.5
  • 19
    • 60849097309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive cortical stimulation enhances motor skill acquisition over multiple days through an effect on consolidation
    • Reis J, Schambra HM, Cohen LG, Buch ER, Fritsch B, et al. (2009) Noninvasive cortical stimulation enhances motor skill acquisition over multiple days through an effect on consolidation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106: 1590-1595.
    • (2009) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.106 , pp. 1590-1595
    • Reis, J.1    Schambra, H.M.2    Cohen, L.G.3    Buch, E.R.4    Fritsch, B.5
  • 20
    • 34548086809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repeated sessions of noninvasive brain DC stimulation is associated with motor function improvement in stroke patients
    • Boggio PS, Nunes A, Rigonatti SP, Nitsche MA, Pascual-Leone A, et al. (2007) Repeated sessions of noninvasive brain DC stimulation is associated with motor function improvement in stroke patients. Restor Neurol Neurosci 25: 123-129.
    • (2007) Restor Neurol Neurosci , vol.25 , pp. 123-129
    • Boggio, P.S.1    Nunes, A.2    Rigonatti, S.P.3    Nitsche, M.A.4    Pascual-Leone, A.5
  • 21
    • 27644490517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcranial direct current stimulation of the unaffected hemisphere in stroke patients
    • Fregni F, Boggio PS, Mansur CG, Wagner T, Ferreira MJ, et al. (2005) Transcranial direct current stimulation of the unaffected hemisphere in stroke patients. Neuroreport 16: 1551-1555.
    • (2005) Neuroreport , vol.16 , pp. 1551-1555
    • Fregni, F.1    Boggio, P.S.2    Mansur, C.G.3    Wagner, T.4    Ferreira, M.J.5
  • 22
    • 15044348999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of non-invasive cortical stimulation on skilled motor function in chronic stroke
    • Hummel F, Celnik P, Giraux P, Floel A, Wu WH, et al. (2005) Effects of non-invasive cortical stimulation on skilled motor function in chronic stroke. Brain 128: 490-499.
    • (2005) Brain , vol.128 , pp. 490-499
    • Hummel, F.1    Celnik, P.2    Giraux, P.3    Floel, A.4    Wu, W.H.5
  • 23
    • 79551575422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcranial direct current stimulation over the primary motor cortex during fMRI
    • Antal A, Polania R, Schmidt-Samoa C, Dechent P, Paulus W, (2011) Transcranial direct current stimulation over the primary motor cortex during fMRI. Neuroimage 55: 590-596.
    • (2011) Neuroimage , vol.55 , pp. 590-596
    • Antal, A.1    Polania, R.2    Schmidt-Samoa, C.3    Dechent, P.4    Paulus, W.5
  • 24
    • 79957514571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulating functional connectivity patterns and topological functional organization of the human brain with transcranial direct current stimulation
    • Polania R, Nitsche MA, Paulus W, (2011) Modulating functional connectivity patterns and topological functional organization of the human brain with transcranial direct current stimulation. Hum Brain Mapp 32: 1236-1249.
    • (2011) Hum Brain Mapp , vol.32 , pp. 1236-1249
    • Polania, R.1    Nitsche, M.A.2    Paulus, W.3
  • 25
    • 78650190399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Introducing graph theory to track for neuroplastic alterations in the resting human brain: a transcranial direct current stimulation study
    • Polania R, Paulus W, Antal A, Nitsche MA, (2011) Introducing graph theory to track for neuroplastic alterations in the resting human brain: a transcranial direct current stimulation study. Neuroimage 54: 2287-2296.
    • (2011) Neuroimage , vol.54 , pp. 2287-2296
    • Polania, R.1    Paulus, W.2    Antal, A.3    Nitsche, M.A.4
  • 26
    • 84863010750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulating cortico-striatal and thalamo-cortical functional connectivity with transcranial direct current stimulation
    • doi: 10.1002/hbm.21380
    • Polania R, Paulus W, Nitsche MA, (2011) Modulating cortico-striatal and thalamo-cortical functional connectivity with transcranial direct current stimulation. Hum Brain Mapp doi:10.1002/hbm.21380.
    • (2011) Hum Brain Mapp
    • Polania, R.1    Paulus, W.2    Nitsche, M.A.3
  • 27
    • 78951493634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of anatomical and functional connectivity in the brain: a complex networks perspective
    • Stam CJ, (2010) Characterization of anatomical and functional connectivity in the brain: a complex networks perspective. Int J Psychophysiol 77: 186-194.
    • (2010) Int J Psychophysiol , vol.77 , pp. 186-194
    • Stam, C.J.1
  • 28
    • 54149095921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Small-world and scale-free organization of voxel-based resting-state functional connectivity in the human brain
    • van den Heuvel MP, Stam CJ, Boersma M, Hulshoff Pol HE, (2008) Small-world and scale-free organization of voxel-based resting-state functional connectivity in the human brain. Neuroimage 43: 528-539.
    • (2008) Neuroimage , vol.43 , pp. 528-539
    • van den Heuvel, M.P.1    Stam, C.J.2    Boersma, M.3    Hulshoff Pol, H.E.4
  • 29
  • 30
    • 60549103853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex brain networks: graph theoretical analysis of structural and functional systems
    • Bullmore E, Sporns O, (2009) Complex brain networks: graph theoretical analysis of structural and functional systems. Nat Rev Neurosci 10: 186-198.
    • (2009) Nat Rev Neurosci , vol.10 , pp. 186-198
    • Bullmore, E.1    Sporns, O.2
  • 31
    • 4444318641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organization, development and function of complex brain networks
    • Sporns O, Chialvo DR, Kaiser M, Hilgetag CC, (2004) Organization, development and function of complex brain networks. Trends Cogn Sci 8: 418-425.
    • (2004) Trends Cogn Sci , vol.8 , pp. 418-425
    • Sporns, O.1    Chialvo, D.R.2    Kaiser, M.3    Hilgetag, C.C.4
  • 32
    • 4444229670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The small world of the cerebral cortex
    • Sporns O, Zwi JD, (2004) The small world of the cerebral cortex. Neuroinformatics 2: 145-162.
    • (2004) Neuroinformatics , vol.2 , pp. 145-162
    • Sporns, O.1    Zwi, J.D.2
  • 33
    • 0015021890 scopus 로고
    • The assessment and analysis of handedness: the Edinburgh inventory
    • Oldfield RC, (1971) The assessment and analysis of handedness: the Edinburgh inventory. Neuropsychologia 9: 97-113.
    • (1971) Neuropsychologia , vol.9 , pp. 97-113
    • Oldfield, R.C.1
  • 34
    • 33644914451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcranial DC stimulation (tDCS): a tool for double-blind sham-controlled clinical studies in brain stimulation
    • Gandiga PC, Hummel FC, Cohen LG, (2006) Transcranial DC stimulation (tDCS): a tool for double-blind sham-controlled clinical studies in brain stimulation. Clin Neurophysiol 117: 845-850.
    • (2006) Clin Neurophysiol , vol.117 , pp. 845-850
    • Gandiga, P.C.1    Hummel, F.C.2    Cohen, L.G.3
  • 35
    • 0344433846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interhemispheric asymmetry of the human motor cortex related to handedness and gender
    • Amunts K, Jancke L, Mohlberg H, Steinmetz H, Zilles K, (2000) Interhemispheric asymmetry of the human motor cortex related to handedness and gender. Neuropsychologia 38: 304-312.
    • (2000) Neuropsychologia , vol.38 , pp. 304-312
    • Amunts, K.1    Jancke, L.2    Mohlberg, H.3    Steinmetz, H.4    Zilles, K.5
  • 36
    • 78049242442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrode-distance dependent after-effects of transcranial direct and random noise stimulation with extracephalic reference electrodes
    • Moliadze V, Antal A, Paulus W, (2010) Electrode-distance dependent after-effects of transcranial direct and random noise stimulation with extracephalic reference electrodes. Clin Neurophysiol 121: 2165-2171.
    • (2010) Clin Neurophysiol , vol.121 , pp. 2165-2171
    • Moliadze, V.1    Antal, A.2    Paulus, W.3
  • 37
    • 0036425968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved optimization for the robust and accurate linear registration and motion correction of brain images
    • Jenkinson M, Bannister P, Brady M, Smith S, (2002) Improved optimization for the robust and accurate linear registration and motion correction of brain images. Neuroimage 17: 825-841.
    • (2002) Neuroimage , vol.17 , pp. 825-841
    • Jenkinson, M.1    Bannister, P.2    Brady, M.3    Smith, S.4
  • 38
    • 66749127280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • L-dopa modulates functional connectivity in striatal cognitive and motor networks: a double-blind placebo-controlled study
    • Kelly C, de Zubicaray G, Di Martino A, Copland DA, Reiss PT, et al. (2009) L-dopa modulates functional connectivity in striatal cognitive and motor networks: a double-blind placebo-controlled study. J Neurosci 29: 7364-7378.
    • (2009) J Neurosci , vol.29 , pp. 7364-7378
    • Kelly, C.1    de Zubicaray, G.2    Di Martino, A.3    Copland, D.A.4    Reiss, P.T.5
  • 39
    • 33746852686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Separating respiratory-variation-related fluctuations from neuronal-activity-related fluctuations in fMRI
    • Birn RM, Diamond JB, Smith MA, Bandettini PA, (2006) Separating respiratory-variation-related fluctuations from neuronal-activity-related fluctuations in fMRI. Neuroimage 31: 1536-1548.
    • (2006) Neuroimage , vol.31 , pp. 1536-1548
    • Birn, R.M.1    Diamond, J.B.2    Smith, M.A.3    Bandettini, P.A.4
  • 40
    • 22144469412 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The human brain is intrinsically organized into dynamic, anticorrelated functional networks
    • Fox MD, Snyder AZ, Vincent JL, Corbetta M, Van Essen DC, et al. (2005) The human brain is intrinsically organized into dynamic, anticorrelated functional networks. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102: 9673-9678.
    • (2005) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.102 , pp. 9673-9678
    • Fox, M.D.1    Snyder, A.Z.2    Vincent, J.L.3    Corbetta, M.4    Van Essen, D.C.5
  • 41
    • 30744439313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A resilient, low-frequency, small-world human brain functional network with highly connected association cortical hubs
    • Achard S, Salvador R, Whitcher B, Suckling J, Bullmore E, (2006) A resilient, low-frequency, small-world human brain functional network with highly connected association cortical hubs. J Neurosci 26: 63-72.
    • (2006) J Neurosci , vol.26 , pp. 63-72
    • Achard, S.1    Salvador, R.2    Whitcher, B.3    Suckling, J.4    Bullmore, E.5
  • 42
    • 0035826155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring complex networks
    • Strogatz SH, (2001) Exploring complex networks. Nature 410: 268-276.
    • (2001) Nature , vol.410 , pp. 268-276
    • Strogatz, S.H.1
  • 43
    • 57349105657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex organization of human primary motor cortex: a high-resolution fMRI study
    • Meier JD, Aflalo TN, Kastner S, Graziano MS, (2008) Complex organization of human primary motor cortex: a high-resolution fMRI study. J Neurophysiol 100: 1800-1812.
    • (2008) J Neurophysiol , vol.100 , pp. 1800-1812
    • Meier, J.D.1    Aflalo, T.N.2    Kastner, S.3    Graziano, M.S.4
  • 44
    • 3042660256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation over the human motor cortex on corticospinal and transcallosal excitability
    • Lang N, Nitsche MA, Paulus W, Rothwell JC, Lemon RN, (2004) Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation over the human motor cortex on corticospinal and transcallosal excitability. Exp Brain Res 156: 439-443.
    • (2004) Exp Brain Res , vol.156 , pp. 439-443
    • Lang, N.1    Nitsche, M.A.2    Paulus, W.3    Rothwell, J.C.4    Lemon, R.N.5
  • 45
    • 0037213722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of excitability of human motor cortex (M1) by 1 Hz transcranial magnetic stimulation of the contralateral M1
    • Schambra HM, Sawaki L, Cohen LG, (2003) Modulation of excitability of human motor cortex (M1) by 1 Hz transcranial magnetic stimulation of the contralateral M1. Clin Neurophysiol 114: 130-133.
    • (2003) Clin Neurophysiol , vol.114 , pp. 130-133
    • Schambra, H.M.1    Sawaki, L.2    Cohen, L.G.3
  • 46
    • 0030638360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Static and dynamic organization of motor cortex
    • Sanes JN, Donoghue JP, (1997) Static and dynamic organization of motor cortex. Adv Neurol 73: 277-296.
    • (1997) Adv Neurol , vol.73 , pp. 277-296
    • Sanes, J.N.1    Donoghue, J.P.2
  • 47
    • 78651143122 scopus 로고
    • The action of brief polarizing currents on the cerebral cortex of the rat (1) during current flow and (2) in the production of long-lasting after-effects
    • Bindman LJ, Lippold OC, Redfearn JW, (1964) THE ACTION OF BRIEF POLARIZING CURRENTS ON THE CEREBRAL CORTEX OF THE RAT (1) DURING CURRENT FLOW AND (2) IN THE PRODUCTION OF LONG-LASTING AFTER-EFFECTS. J Physiol 172: 369-382.
    • (1964) J Physiol , vol.172 , pp. 369-382
    • Bindman, L.J.1    Lippold, O.C.2    Redfearn, J.W.3
  • 48
    • 78651178121 scopus 로고
    • Intracellular activities and evoked potential changes during polarization of motor cortex
    • Purpura DP, McMurtry JG, (1965) INTRACELLULAR ACTIVITIES AND EVOKED POTENTIAL CHANGES DURING POLARIZATION OF MOTOR CORTEX. J Neurophysiol 28: 166-185.
    • (1965) J Neurophysiol , vol.28 , pp. 166-185
    • Purpura, D.P.1    McMurtry, J.G.2
  • 49
    • 2442452710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct current stimulation over V5 enhances visuomotor coordination by improving motion perception in humans
    • Antal A, Nitsche MA, Kruse W, Kincses TZ, Hoffmann KP, et al. (2004) Direct current stimulation over V5 enhances visuomotor coordination by improving motion perception in humans. J Cogn Neurosci 16: 521-527.
    • (2004) J Cogn Neurosci , vol.16 , pp. 521-527
    • Antal, A.1    Nitsche, M.A.2    Kruse, W.3    Kincses, T.Z.4    Hoffmann, K.P.5
  • 50
    • 79956329134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stimulation of the human motor cortex alters generalization patterns of motor learning
    • Orban de Xivry JJ, Marko MK, Pekny SE, Pastor D, Izawa J, et al. (2011) Stimulation of the human motor cortex alters generalization patterns of motor learning. J Neurosci 31: 7102-7110.
    • (2011) J Neurosci , vol.31 , pp. 7102-7110
    • de Orban Xivry, J.J.1    Marko, M.K.2    Pekny, S.E.3    Pastor, D.4    Izawa, J.5
  • 51
    • 72549114178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor cortex plasticity induced by paired associative stimulation is enhanced in physically active individuals
    • Cirillo J, Lavender AP, Ridding MC, Semmler JG, (2009) Motor cortex plasticity induced by paired associative stimulation is enhanced in physically active individuals. J Physiol 587: 5831-5842.
    • (2009) J Physiol , vol.587 , pp. 5831-5842
    • Cirillo, J.1    Lavender, A.P.2    Ridding, M.C.3    Semmler, J.G.4
  • 52
    • 0028307899 scopus 로고
    • Long-term potentiation of horizontal connections provides a mechanism to reorganize cortical motor maps
    • Hess G, Donoghue JP, (1994) Long-term potentiation of horizontal connections provides a mechanism to reorganize cortical motor maps. J Neurophysiol 71: 2543-2547.
    • (1994) J Neurophysiol , vol.71 , pp. 2543-2547
    • Hess, G.1    Donoghue, J.P.2
  • 54
    • 0036714467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of enhancement of human motor cortex excitability induced by interventional paired associative stimulation
    • Stefan K, Kunesch E, Benecke R, Cohen LG, Classen J, (2002) Mechanisms of enhancement of human motor cortex excitability induced by interventional paired associative stimulation. J Physiol 543: 699-708.
    • (2002) J Physiol , vol.543 , pp. 699-708
    • Stefan, K.1    Kunesch, E.2    Benecke, R.3    Cohen, L.G.4    Classen, J.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.