On the relationship between azimuthal anisotropy from shear wave splitting and surface wave tomography

Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth

Volumn 117, Issue 1, 2012, Pages

  Becker, T W ^a   Lebedev, S ^b   Long, M D ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b School of Theoretical Physics   (Ireland)

^c YALE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ASTHENOSPHERE; AZIMUTH; LITHOSPHERIC STRUCTURE; MANTLE STRUCTURE; S-WAVE; SEISMIC ANISOTROPY; SEISMIC TOMOGRAPHY; SURFACE WAVE;

EID: 84856038402     PISSN: 21699313     EISSN: 21699356     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2011JB008705     Document Type: Article

References (82)

1. Ando, M., Y. Ishikawa, and F. Yamasaki (1983), Shear-wave polarization anisotropy in the upper mantle beneath Honshu, Japan, J. Geophys. Res., 88(B7), 5850-5864. (Pubitemid 13592565)
2. Babuška, V., and M. Cara (1991), Seismic Anisotropy in the Earth, Kluwer Acad., Dordrecht, Netherlands.
3. Becker, T. W. (2006), On the effect of temperature and strain-rate dependent viscosity on global mantle flow, net rotation, and plate-driving forces, Geophys. J. Int., 167, 943-957. (Pubitemid 44697450)
4. Becker, T. W., and L. Boschi (2002), A comparison of tomographic and geodynamic mantle models, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst, 3(1), 1003, doi:10.1029/2001GC000168.
5. Becker, T. W., J. B. Kellogg, G. Ekström, and R. J. O'Connell (2003), Comparison of azimuthal seismic anisotropy from surface waves and finite-strain from global mantle-circulation models, Geophys. J. Int., 155, 696-714. (Pubitemid 37450474)
6. Becker, T. W., S. Chevrot, V. Schulte-Pelkum, and D. K. Blackman (2006a), Statistical properties of seismic anisotropy predicted by upper mantle geodynamic models, J. Geophys. Res., 111, B08309, doi:10.1029/2005JB004095.
7. Becker, T. W., V. Schulte-Pelkum, D. K. Blackman, J. B. Kellogg, and R. J. O'Connell (2006b), Mantle flow under the western United States from shear wave splitting, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 247, 235-251. (Pubitemid 43971237)
8. Becker, T. W., J. T. Browaeys, and T. H. Jordan (2007a), Stochastic analysis of shear wave splitting length scales, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, 259, 29-36.
9. Becker, T. W., G. Ekström, L. Boschi, and J. W. Woodhouse (2007b), Length scales, patterns, and origin of azimuthal seismic anisotropy in the upper mantle as mapped by Rayleigh waves, Geophys. J. Int., 171, 451-462. (Pubitemid 47566504)
10. Becker, T. W., B. Kustowski, and G. Ekström (2008), Radial seismic anisotropy as a constraint for upper mantle rheology, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, 267, 213-237.
11. Behn, M. D., G. Hirth, and J. R. Elsenbeck II (2009), Implications of grain size evolution on the seismic structure of the oceanic upper mantle, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, 282, 178-189.
12. Bird, P. (2003), An updated digital model of plate boundaries, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst, 4(3), 1027, doi:10.1029/2001GC000252.
13. Booth, D. C, and S. Crampin (1985), The anisotropic reflectivity technique: Theory, Geophys. J. R. Astron. Soc, 72, 31-45.
14. Boschi, L., and J. H. Woodhouse (2006), Surface wave ray tracing and azimuthal anisotropy: A generalized spherical harmonic approach, Geophys. J. Int., 164, 569-578.
15. Bowman, J. R., and M. A. Ando (1987), Shear-wave splitting in the upper-mantle wedge above the Tonga subduction zone, Geophys. J. R. Astron. Soc, 88, 24-41.
16. Browaeys, J., and S. Chevrot (2004), Decomposition of the elastic tensor and geophysical applications, Geophys. J. Int., 159, 667-678. (Pubitemid 39520412)
17. Chapman, C. H., and P. M. Shearer (1989), Ray tracing in azimuthally anisotropic media-II. Quasi-shear wave coupling, Geophys. J. Int., 96, 65-83.
18. Chevrot, S. (2000), Multichannel analysis of shear wave splitting, J. Geophys. Res., 105(B9), 21,579-21,590, doi:10.1029/2000JB900199.
19. Chevrot, S., and V. Monteiller (2009), Principles of vectorial tomography - The effects of model parametrization and regularization in tomographic imaging of seismic anisotropy, Geophys. J. Int., 179, 1726-1736.
20. Chevrot, S., N. Favier, and D. Komatitsch (2004), Shear wave splitting in three-dimensional anisotropic media, Geophys. J. Int., 159, 711-720. (Pubitemid 39520416)
21. Conrad, C. P., and M. Behn (2010), Constraints on lithosphere net rotation and asthenospheric viscosity from global mantle flow models and seismic anisotropy, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 11, Q05W05, doi:10.1029/ 2009GC002970.
22. Dahlen, F. A., and J. Tromp (1998), Theoretical Global Seismology, Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, N. J.
23. Debayle, E., B. L. N. Kennett, and K. Priestley (2005), Global azimuthal seismic anisotropy and the unique plate-motion deformation of Australia, Nature, 433, 509-512. (Pubitemid 40204305)
24. Deschamps, F., S. Lebedev, T. Meier, and J. Trampert (2008a), Azimuthal anisotropy of Rayleigh-wave phase velocities in the east-central United States, Geophys. J. Int., 173, 827-843.
25. Deschamps, F., S. Lebedev, T. Meier, and J. Trampert (2008b), Stratified seismic anisotropy reveals past and present deformation beneath the East-central United States, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, 274, 489-498.
26. Dziewonski, A. M., G. Ekström, and M. Nettles (2010), The Global Centroid-Moment-Tensor (CMT) Project, Lamont-Doherty Earth Obs., Palisades, N. Y. [Available at www.globalcmt.org].
27. Endrun, B., S. Lebedev, T. Meier, C. Tirel, and W. Friederich(2011), Complex layered deformation within the Aegean crust and mantle revealed by seismic anisotropy, Nat. Geosci., 4, 203-207.
28. Engdahl, E. R., R. D. van der Hilst, and R. Buland (1998), Global teleseis-mic earthquake relocation with improved travel times and procedures for depth determination, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 88, 722-743.
29. Fischer, K. M., and D. A. Wiens (1996), The depth distribution of mantle anisotropy beneath the Tonga subduction zone, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 142, 253-260.
30. Fouch, M. (2003), Upper-mantle anisotropy database, School of Earth and Space Explor., Ariz. State Univ., Tempe, Ariz. [Available at http://geophysics.asu.edu/anisotropy/upper/].
31. Fouch, M. J., and S. Rondenay (2006), Seismic anisotropy beneath stable continental interiors, Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 158, 292-320. (Pubitemid 44356353)
32. Fukao, Y. (1984), Evidence from core-reflected shear waves for anisotropy in the Earth's mantle, Nature, 371, 149-151.
33. Gaboret, C, A. M. Forte, and J.-P. Montagner (2003), The unique dynamics of the Pacific Hemisphere mantle and its signature on seismic anisotropy, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, 208, 219-233. (Pubitemid 36357777)
34. Griot, D.-A., J.-P. Montagner, and P. Tapponnier (1998), Confrontation of mantle seismic anisotropy with two extreme models of strain, in central Asia, Geophys. Res. Lett, 25(9), 1447-1450, doi:10.1029/98GL00991. (Pubitemid 28437582)
35. Hall, C. E., K. M. Fischer, E. M. Parmentier, and D. K. Blackman (2000), The influence of plate motions on three-dimensional back arc mantle flow and shear wave splitting, J. Geophys. Res., 105(B12), 28,009-28,033, doi:10.1029/2000JB900297.
36. Jordan, T. H. (1981), Global tectonic regionalization for seismological data analysis, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 71, 1131-1141.
37. Karato, S.-I. (1992), On the Lehmann discontinuity, Geophys. Res. Lett, 19(22), 2255-2258, doi:10.1029/92GL02603.
38. Kennett, B. L. N. (1983), Seismic Wave Propagation in Stratified Media, Cambridge Univ. Press, New York.
39. Kustowski, B., G. Ekström, and A. M. Dziewoński (2008), Anisotropic shear-wave velocity structure of the Earth's mantle: A global model, J. Geophys. Res., 113, B06306, doi:10.1029/2007JB005169.
40. Laske, G., and G. Masters (1998), Surface-wave polarization data and global anisotropic structure, Geophys. J. Int., 132, 508-520. (Pubitemid 128630867)
41. Lebedev, S., and R. D. van der Hilst (2008), Global upper-mantle tomography with the automated multimode inversion of surface and S-wave forms, Geophys. J. Int., 173, 505-518.
42. Levin, V., W. Menke, and J. Park (1999), Shear wave splitting in the Appalachians and the Urals: A case for multilayered anisotropy, J. Geophys. Res., 104(B8), 17,975-17,993, doi:10.1029/1999JB900168.
43. Levin, V., D. Okaya, and J. Park (2007), Shear wave birefringence in wedge-shaped anisotropic regions, Geophys. J. Int., 168, 275-286. (Pubitemid 46050201)
44. Lin, F., M. H. Ritzwoller, Y. Yang, M. P. Moschetti, and M. J. Fouch (2011), Complex and variable crustal and uppermost mantle seismic anisotropy in the western United States, Nat. Geosci., 4, 55-61.
45. Long, M. D. (2009), Complex anisotropy in D" beneath the eastern Pacific from SKS-SKKS splitting discrepancies, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, 283, 181-189.
46. Long, M. D., and T. W. Becker (2010), Mantle dynamics and seismic anisotropy, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett, 297, 341-354.
47. Long, M. D., and R. D. van der Hilst (2005), Estimating shear-wave splitting parameters from broadband recordings in Japan: A comparison of three methods, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 95, 1346-1358. (Pubitemid 41300207)
48. Marone, F., and F. Romanowicz (2007), The depth distribution of azimuthal anisotropy in the continental upper mantle, Nature, 447, 198-201. (Pubitemid 46763077)
49. Menke, W., and V. Levin (2003), The cross-convolution method for interpreting SKS splitting observations, with application to one - and two-layer anisotropic Earth models, Geophys. J. Int., 154, 379-392. (Pubitemid 36967910)
50. Montagner, J. P., and D. L. Anderson (1989), Petrological constraints on seismic anisotropy, Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 54, 82-105.
51. Montagner, J. P., and H. C. Nataf (1988), Vectorial tomography-I. Theory, Geophys. J. Int., 94, 295-307.
52. Montagner, J.-P., and T. Tanimoto (1991), Global upper mantle tomography of seismic velocities and anisotropies, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 20,337-20,351.
53. Montagner, J.-P., D.-A. Griot-Pommera, and J. Lavé (2000), How to relate body wave and surface wave anisotropy?, J. Geophys. Res., 105(B8), 19,015-19,027, doi:10.1029/2000JB900015.
54. Monteiller, V., and S. Chevrot (2010), How to make robust splitting measurements for single-station analysis and three-dimensional imaging of seismic anisotropy, Geophys. J. Int., 182, 311-328.
55. Nataf, H.-C., I. Nakanishi, and D. L. Anderson (1984), Anisotropy and shear-velocity heterogeneities in the upper mantle, Geophys. Res. Lett., 11(2), 109-112, doi:10.1029/GL011i002p00109. (Pubitemid 14624025)
56. Nicolas, A., and N. I. Christensen (1987), Formation of anisotropy in upper mantle peridotites: A review, in Composition, Structure and Dynamics of the Lithosphere-Asthenosphere System, Geodyn. Ser., vol. 16, edited by K. Fuchs and C. Froidevaux, pp. 111-123, AGU, Washington, D. C., doi:10.1029/GD016p0111.
57. Niu, F., and A. M. Perez (2004), Seismic anisotropy in the lower mantle: A comparison of waveform splitting of SKS and SKKS, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L24612, doi:10.1029/2004GL021196. (Pubitemid 40301223)
58. Panning, M., and G. Nolet (2008), Surface wave tomography for azimuthal anisotropy in a strongly reduced parameter space, Geophys. J. Int., 174, 629-648.
59. Panning, M., and B. Romanowicz (2006), A three-dimensional radially anisotropic model of shear velocity in the whole mantle, Geophys. J. Int., 167, 361-379. (Pubitemid 44489897)
60. Pedersen, H. A., M. Bruneton, V. Maupin, and SVEKALAPKO Seismic Tomography Working Group (2006), Lithospheric and sublithospheric anisotropy beneath the Baltic shield from surface-wave array analysis, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 244, 590-605.
61. Plomerová, J., D. Kouba, and V. Babuška (2002), Mapping the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary through changes in surface-wave anisotropy, Tectonophysics, 58, 175-185. (Pubitemid 35289018)
62. Podolefsky, N. S., S. Zhong, and A. K. McNamara (2004), The anisotropic and rheological structure of the oceanic upper mantle from a simple model of plate shear, Geophys. J. Int., 158, 287-296. (Pubitemid 39047832)
63. Press, W. H., S. A. Teukolsky, W. T. Vetterling, and B. P. Flannery (1993), Numerical Recipes in C: The Art of Scientific Computing, 2nd ed., Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, U. K.
64. Rümpker, G., and P. G. Silver (1998), Apparent shear-wave splitting parameters in the presence of vertically varying anisotropy, Geophys. J. Int., 135, 790-800. (Pubitemid 29085771)
65. Rümpker, G., A. Tommasi, and J.-M. Kendall (1999), Numerical simulations of depth-dependent anisotropy and frequency-dependent wave propagation effects, J. Geophys. Res., 104(B10), 23,141-23,154, doi:10.1029/1999JB900203.
66. Saltzer, R. L., J. B. Gaherty, and T. H. Jordan (2000), How are vertical shear wave splitting measurements affected by variations in the orientation of azimuthal anisotropy with depth?, Geophys. J. Int., 141, 374-390. (Pubitemid 30309247)
67. Savage, M., and P. G. Silver (1993), Mantle deformation and tectonics: Constraints from seismic anisotropy in the western United States, Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 78, 207-227. (Pubitemid 23394161)
68. Schulte-Pelkum, V., and D. K. Blackman (2003), A synthesis of seismic P and S anisotropy, Geophys. J. Int., 154, 166-178. (Pubitemid 36881971)
69. Silver, P. G. (1996), Seismic anisotropy beneath the continents: Probing the depths of geology, Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 24, 385-432.
70. Silver, P. G., and H. H. Chan (1988), Implications for continental structure and evolution from seismic anisotropy, Nature, 335, 34-39. (Pubitemid 19308550)
71. Silver, P. G., and M. D. Long (2011), The non-commutivity of shear wave splitting operators at low frequencies and implications for anisotropy tomography, Geophys. J. Int., 184, 1415-1427.
72. Silver, P. G., and M. K. Savage (1994), The interpretation of shear wave splitting parameters in the presence of two anisotropic layers, Geophys. J. Int., 119, 949-963.
73. Tanimoto, T., and D. L. Anderson (1985), Lateral heterogeneity and azimuthal anisotropy of the upper mantle: Love and Rayleigh waves 100-250 s, J. Geophys. Res., 90(B2), 1842-1858, doi:10.1029/ JB090iB02p01842.
74. Trampert, J., and H. J. van Heijst (2002), Global azimuthal anisotropy in the transition zone, Science, 296, 1297-1299. (Pubitemid 34522780)
75. Trampert, J., and J. H. Woodhouse (2003), Global anisotropic phase velocity maps for fundamental mode surface waves between 40 and 150 s, Geophys. J. Int., 154, 154-165. (Pubitemid 36881970)
76. Vinnik, L., G. L. Kosarev, and L. I. Makeyeva (1984), Anisotropy of the lithosphere from the observations of SKS and SKKS phases, Proc. Acad. Sci. USSR, 278, 1335-1339.
77. Vinnik, L. P., L. I. Makeyeva, A. Milev, and Y. Usenko (1992), Global patterns of azimuthal anisotropy and deformation in the continental mantle, Geophys. J. Int., 111, 433-447. (Pubitemid 23387736)
78. Wang, Y., and L. Wen (2007), Complex seismic anisotropy at the border of a very low velocity province at the base of the Earth's mantle, J. Geophys. Res., 112, B09305, doi:10.1029/2006JB004719. (Pubitemid 350091251)
79. Wessel, P., and W. H. F. Smith (1998), New, improved version of generic mapping tools released, Eos Trans. AGU, 79(47), 579, doi:10.1029/ 98EO00426.
80. Wüstefeld, A., and G. Bokelmann (2007), Null detection in shear-wave splitting measurements, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 97, 1204-1211. (Pubitemid 47288423)
81. Wüstefeld, A., G. H. R. Bokelmann, G. Barruol, and J. P. Montagner (2009), Identifying global seismic anisotropy patterns by correlating shear-wave splitting and surface-wave data, Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 176, 198-212. [Available at http://www.gm.univ-montp2.fr/splitting/DB/.]
82. Yuan, H., and B. Romanowicz (2010), Lithospheric layering in the North American continent, Nature, 466, 1063-1069.