Critical factors differentiating erythema multiforme majus from Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS)/toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)

European Journal of Dermatology

Volumn 21, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 889-894

  Watanabe, Rie ^a   Watanabe, Hideaki ^a   Sotozono, Chie ^b   Kokaze, Akatsuki ^a   Iijima, Masafumi ^a  

^a SHOWA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (Japan)

^b KYOTO PREFECTURAL UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE   (Japan)

Author keywords

Aetiology; Erythema multiforme majus; Histopathology; Stevens Johnson syndrome; Toxic epidermal necrolysis

Indexed keywords

ALLOPURINOL; C REACTIVE PROTEIN; CARBAMAZEPINE; CORTICOSTEROID; COTRIMOXAZOLE; IOHEXOL; LOXOPROFEN; NAFAMSTAT; PARACETAMOL; PHENOBARBITAL; PREDNISOLONE; SALAZOSULFAPYRIDINE; TRANEXAMIC ACID;

ADULT; ARTICLE; CELL INFILTRATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEATH; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; DISEASE ACTIVITY; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; DISEASE COURSE; DISEASE SEVERITY; ERYTHEMA MULTIFORME; FEMALE; FEVER; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; HUMAN TISSUE; LIVER DYSFUNCTION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MONONUCLEAR CELL; MUCOSAL DISEASE; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; SKIN BIOPSY; SKIN MANIFESTATION; STEVENS JOHNSON SYNDROME; TOXIC EPIDERMAL NECROLYSIS;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; DIAGNOSIS, DIFFERENTIAL; EPIDERMAL NECROLYSIS, TOXIC; ERYTHEMA MULTIFORME; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84855997394     PISSN: 11671122     EISSN: 19524013     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1684/ejd.2011.1510     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Stevens AM, Johnson FC. A new eruptive fever associated with stomatitis and ophthalmia: Report two cases in children. Am J Dis Child 1922; 24: 526-33.
2. Lyell A. Toxic epidermal necrolysis. An eruption resembling scalding of the skin. Br J Dermatol 1956; 68: 355-61.
3. Breathnach SM. Erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. In: Rook's Textbook of Dermatology (Burns DA, Breathnach SM, Cox NH, Griffiths CEM eds), 8th ed. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010: 76.1-76.22.
4. Auquier-Dunant A, Mockenhaupt M, Naldi L, et al. Correlations between clinical patterns and causes of erythema multiforme majus Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis: results of an international prospective study. Arch Dermatol 2002; 138: 1019-24.
5. Power WJ, Ghoraishi M, Merayo-Lloves J, et al. Analysis of the acute ophthalmic manifestations of the erythema multiforme/Stevens- Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis disease spectrum. Ophthalmology 1995; 102: 1669-76.
6. Sotozono C, Ueta M, Koizumi N, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis with ocular complications. Ophthalmology 2009; 116: 685-90.
7. Sotozono C, Ang LP, Koizumi N, et al. New grading system for the evaluation of chronic ocular manifestations in patients with Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Ophthalmology 2007; 114: 1294-302.
8. Yamane Y, Aihara M, Ikezawa Z. Analysis of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in Japan from 2000 to 2006. Allergol Int 2007; 56: 419-25.
9. Gomes ER, Demoly P. Epidemiology of hypersensitivity drug reactions. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2005; 5: 309-16.
10. Thomas BA. The so-called Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Br Med J 1950; 1(4667): 1393-9.
11. Assier H, Bastuji-Garin S, Revuz J, et al. Erythema multiforme with mucous membrane involvement and Stevens-Johnson syndrome are clinically different disorders with distinct causes. Arch Dermatol 1995; 131: 539-43.
12. Schröder W, Mockenhaupt M, Schlingmann J, et al. Clinical re-classification of severe skin reactions and evaluation of their etiology in a population-based registry. In: Victor N, Blettner M, Edler L, et al (Hgs.) Medical informatics, biostatistics and epidemiology for efficient health care and medical reseach: contributions from the 44th annual conference of the GMDS. Heidelberg: Urban & Vogel, 1999: 107-10.
13. Wu H, Brandling-Bennet HA, Harrist TJ. Noninfectious vesiculobullous and vesiculopustular diseases. In: Elder DE, ed. Lever's histopathology of the skin. 10th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams &Wilkins, 2009: 268-70.
14. Inachi S, Mizutani H, Shimizu M. Epidermal apoptotic cell death in erythema multiforme and Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Arch Dermatol 1997; 133: 845-9.
15. Bastuji-Garin S, Rzany B, Stern RS, et al. Clinical classification of cases of toxic epidermal necrolysis Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and erythema multiforme. Arch Dermatol 1993; 129: 92-6.
16. Mockenhaupt M, Norgauer J. Cutaneous adverse drug reactions Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. ACl International 2002; 14: 143-50.
17. Mockenhaupt M. Severe cutaneous adverse reactions. In: Burgdorf WHC, Plewig G, Wolff HH, Landthaler M, (Hgs.). Braun-Falco's Dermatology, 3. Aufl. Kap. 34. Heidelberg: Springer Medizin Verlag, 2008: 473-84.
18. Ziemer M, Wiesend CL, Vetter R, et al. Cutaneous adverse reactions to valdecoxib distinct from Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Arch Dermatol 2007; 143: 711-6.
19. Westly ED, Wechsler HL. Toxic epidermal necrolysis. Granulocytic leukopenia as prognostic indicator. Arch Dermatol 1984; 120: 721-6.
20. Hosaka H, Ohtoshi S, Nakada T, et al. Erythema multiforme Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: frozensection diagnosis. J Dermatol 2010; 37: 407-12.
21. Chang YS, Huang FC, Tseng SH, et al. Erythema multiforme Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis: acute ocular manifestations, causes, and management. Cornea 2007; 26: 123-9.
22. Shabahang L. Characteristics of adult outpatients with erythema multiforme. Pak J Biol Sci 2010; 13: 1106-9.
23. Mockenhaupt M, Viboud C, Dunant A, et al. Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: assessment of medication risks with emphasis on recently marketed drugs The EuroSCAR-study. J Invest Dermatol 2008; 128: 35-44.
24. Roujeau JC, Kelly JP, Naldi L, et al. Medication use and the risk of Stevens-Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis. N Engl J Med 1995 14; 333: 1600-7.
25. Côté B, Wechsler J, Bastuji-Garin S, et al. Clinicopathologic correlation in erythema multiforme and Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Arch Dermatol 1995; 131: 1268-72.
26. Quinn AM, Brown K, Bonish BK, et al. Uncovering histologic criteria with prognostic significance in toxic epidermal necrolysis. Arch Dermatol 2005; 141: 683-7.
27. Chung WH, Hung SI, Yang JY, et al. Granulysin is a key mediator for disseminated keratinocyte death in Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis. Nat Med 2008; 14: 1343-50.