Treatment advances in liver-limited metastatic colorectal cancer

Clinical Colorectal Cancer

Volumn 10, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 258-265

  Alberts, Steven R ^a   Poston, Graeme J ^b  

^a MAYO CLINIC   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL AINTREE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Colorectal cancer; Liver metastases; Metachronous metastasis; Resectability; Synchronous metastasis

Indexed keywords

BEVACIZUMAB; CAPECITABINE; CETUXIMAB; FLUOROURACIL; FOLINIC ACID; IRINOTECAN; OXALIPLATIN; PANITUMUMAB;

ABLATION THERAPY; ARTIFICIAL EMBOLISM; CANCER SURGERY; COLORECTAL CANCER; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; CRYOTHERAPY; EXTERNAL BEAM RADIOTHERAPY; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; LIVER METASTASIS; LIVER RESECTION; MICROWAVE THERAPY; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PORTAL VEIN; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION; REVIEW;

EID: 84855945774     PISSN: 15330028     EISSN: 19380674     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.clcc.2011.06.008     Document Type: Review

References (104)

1. J. Ferlay, H. Shin, and F. Bray GLOBOCAN 2008, Cancer Incidence and Mortality Worldwide, IARC CancerBase 2010 International Agency for Research on Cancer Lyon, France
2. L. Weiss, E. Grundmann, and J. Torhorst Haematogenous metastatic patterns in colonic carcinoma: an analysis of 1541 necropsies J Pathol 150 1986 195 203 (Pubitemid 17181753)
3. S. Manfredi, A.M. Bouvier, and C. Lepage Incidence and patterns of recurrence after resection for cure of colonic cancer in a well defined population Br J Surg 93 2006 1115 1122 (Pubitemid 44343509)
4. S. Manfredi, C. Lepage, and C. Hatem Epidemiology and management of liver metastases from colorectal cancer Ann Surg 244 2006 254 259 (Pubitemid 44305540)
5. R. Stangl, A. Altendorf-Hofmann, and R.M. Charnley Factors influencing the natural history of colorectal liver metastases Lancet 343 1994 1405 1410 (Pubitemid 24167517)
6. R. Adam, E. Avisar, and A. Ariche Five-year survival following hepatic resection after neoadjuvant therapy for nonresectable colorectal Ann Surg Oncol 8 2001 347 353 (Pubitemid 32422861)
7. E.J.A. Morris, D. Forman, and J.D. Thomas Surgical management and outcomes of colorectal cancer liver metastases Br J Surg 97 2010 1110 1118
8. J. Scheele, and A. Altendorf-Hofmann Resection of colorectal liver metastases Langenbecks Arch Surg 384 1999 313 327 (Pubitemid 29434420)
9. P.C. Simmonds, J.N. Primrose, and J.L. Colquitt Surgical resection of hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer: a systematic review of published studies Br J Cancer 94 2006 982 999
10. J.S. Tomlinson, W.R. Jarnagin, and R.P. DeMatteo Actual 10-year survival after resection of colorectal liver metastases defines cure J Clin Oncol 25 2007 4575 4580 (Pubitemid 350035315)
11. D. Elias, G. Liberale, and D. Vernerey Hepatic and extrahepatic colorectal metastases: when resectable, their localization does not matter, but their total number has a prognostic effect Ann Surg Oncol 12 2005 900 909 (Pubitemid 41504223)
12. M. Minagawa, M. Makuuchi, and G. Torzilli Extension of the frontiers of surgical indications in the treatment of liver metastases from colorectal cancer: long-term results Ann Surg 231 2000 487 499 (Pubitemid 30185854)
13. J.-N. Vauthey, M.A. Choti, and W.S. Helton AHPBA/SSO/SSAT Consensus Conference on hepatic colorectal metastases: rationale and overview of the conference. January 25, 2006 Ann Surg Oncol 13 2006 1259 1260 (Pubitemid 44435790)
14. R. Adam, A. Frilling, and D. Elias Liver resection of colorectal metastases in elderly patients Br J Surg 97 2010 366 376
15. N. de Liguori Carino, B.L. van Leeuwen, and P. Ghaneh Liver resection for colorectal liver metastases in older patients Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 67 2008 273 278
16. J.T. Mullen, D. Ribero, and S.K. Reddy Hepatic insufficiency and mortality in 1,059 noncirrhotic patients undergoing major hepatectomy J Am Coll Surg 204 2007 854 862 discussion 862-4 (Pubitemid 46661186)
17. A. Abulkhir, P. Limongelli, and A.J. Healey Preoperative portal vein embolization for major liver resection: a meta-analysis Ann Surg 247 2008 49 57
18. A.M. Covey, K.T. Brown, and W.R. Jarnagin Combined portal vein embolization and neoadjuvant chemotherapy as a treatment strategy for resectable hepatic colorectal metastases Ann Surg 247 2008 451 455
19. R. Adam, V. Delvart, and G. Pascal Rescue surgery for unresectable colorectal liver metastases downstaged by chemotherapy: a model to predict long-term survival Ann Surg 240 2004 644 657
20. A. Antoniou, R.E. Lovegrove, and H.S. Tilney Meta-analysis of clinical outcome after first and second liver resection for colorectal metastases Surgery 141 2007 9 18 (Pubitemid 44918087)
21. Kondo S, Hirano S, Ambo Y, et al. Arterioportal shunting as an alternative to microvascular reconstruction after hepatic artery resection. Br J Surg 91:248-51.
22. A.W. Hemming, A.I. Reed, and M.R. Langham Jr Combined resection of the liver and inferior vena cava for hepatic malignancy Ann Surg 239 2004 712 719
23. J.P. Lodge, B.J. Ammori, and K.R. Prasad Ex vivo and in situ resection of inferior vena cava with hepatectomy for colorectal metastases Ann Surg 231 2000 471 479 (Pubitemid 30185852)
24. G. Sarno, H.Z. Malik, and S.W. Fenwick Retrohepatic vena cava resection associated with right trisectionectomy and caudate lobectomy for colorectal liver metastases Ann Surg Oncol 17 2010 3162
25. J.M. Jessup, L.S. McGinnis, and G.D. Steele Jr The National Cancer Data Base Report on colon cancer Cancer 78 1996 918 926 (Pubitemid 26268626)
26. N. Kemeny, and F. Fata Arterial, portal, or systemic chemotherapy for patients with hepatic metastasis of colorectal carcinoma J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 6 1999 39 49
27. G. Mentha, P.E. Majno, and A. Andres Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and resection of advanced synchronous liver metastases before treatment of the colorectal primary Br J Surg 93 2006 872 878 (Pubitemid 44035261)
28. H. Bismuth, D. Castaing, and O. Traynor Surgery for synchronous hepatic metastases of colorectal cancer Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl 149 1998 144 149
29. J.S. Bolton, and G.M. Fuhrman Survival after resection of multiple bilobar hepatic metastases from colorectal carcinoma Ann Surg 231 2000 743 751 (Pubitemid 30249836)
30. B. Cady, and M.D. Stone The role of surgical resection of liver metastases in colorectal carcinoma Semin Oncol 18 1991 399 406
31. S.K. Reddy, T.M. Pawlik, and D. Zorzi Simultaneous resections of colorectal cancer and synchronous liver metastases: a multi-institutional analysis Ann Surg Oncol 14 2007 3481 3491 (Pubitemid 350160107)
32. L.A. Lambert, T.A. Colacchio, and R.J. Barth Jr Interval hepatic resection of colorectal metastases improves patient selection Arch Surg 135 2000 473 479
33. J. Scheele Hepatectomy for liver metastases Br J Surg 80 1993 274 276 (Pubitemid 23091513)
34. G. Mentha, P. Majno, and S. Terraz Treatment strategies for the management of advanced colorectal liver metastases detected synchronously with the primary tumour Eur J Surg Oncol 33 suppl 2 2007 S76 S83
35. J. Belghiti, K. Hiramatsu, and S. Benoist Seven hundred forty-seven hepatectomies in the 1990s: an update to evaluate the actual risk of liver resection J Am Coll Surg 191 2000 38 46 (Pubitemid 30439557)
36. R.T. Poon, S.T. Fan, and C.M. Lo Improving perioperative outcome expands the role of hepatectomy in management of benign and malignant hepatobiliary diseases: analysis of 1222 consecutive patients from a prospective database Ann Surg 240 2004 698 708
37. L. Capussotti, A. Ferrero, and L. Vigano Major liver resections synchronous with colorectal surgery Ann Surg Oncol 14 2007 195 201 (Pubitemid 44954289)
38. E. de Santibanes, F.B. Lassalle, and L. McCormack Simultaneous colorectal and hepatic resections for colorectal cancer: postoperative and longterm outcomes J Am Coll Surg 195 2002 196 202 (Pubitemid 34832679)
39. R. Martin, P. Paty, and Y. Fong Simultaneous liver and colorectal resections are safe for synchronous colorectal liver metastasis J Am Coll Surg 197 2003 233 241
40. D.A. Kooby, J. Stockman, and L. Ben-Porat Influence of transfusions on perioperative and long-term outcome in patients following hepatic resection for colorectal metastases Ann Surg 237 2003 860 869
41. H. Ito, C. Are, and M. Gonen Effect of postoperative morbidity on long-term survival after hepatic resection for metastatic colorectal cancer Ann Surg 247 2008 994 1002 (Pubitemid 351770420)
42. C. Laurent, A. Sa Cunha, and P. Couderc Influence of postoperative morbidity on long-term survival following liver resection for colorectal metastases Br J Surg 90 2003 1131 1136 (Pubitemid 37152173)
43. W.L. Law, H.K. Choi, and Y.M. Lee The impact of postoperative complications on long-term outcomes following curative resection for colorectal cancer Ann Surg Oncol 14 2007 2559 2566 (Pubitemid 47389572)
44. M. Schiesser, J.W.C. Chen, and G.J. Maddern Perioperative morbidity affects long-term survival in patients following liver resection for colorectal metastases J Gastrointest Surg 12 2008 1054 1060
45. S.L. Wong, P.B. Mangu, and M.A. Choti American Society of Clinical Oncology 2009 clinical evidence review on radiofrequency ablation of hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer J Clin Oncol 28 2010 493 508
46. S. Garrean, J. Hering, and W.S. Helton A primer on transarterial, chemical, and thermal ablative therapies for hepatic tumors Am J Surg 194 2007 79 88 (Pubitemid 46874356)
47. S. Mulier, Y. Ni, and J. Jamart Local recurrence after hepatic radiofrequency coagulation: multivariate meta-analysis and review of contributing factors Ann Surg 242 2005 158 171 (Pubitemid 41033431)
48. E.C. Feliberti, and L.D. Wagman Radiofrequency ablation of liver metastases from colorectal carcinoma Cancer Control 13 2006 48 51 (Pubitemid 43327554)
49. T. Ruers, C.J. Punt, and F. van Coevorden Final results of the EORTC intergroup randomized study 40004 (CLOCC) evaluating the benefits of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) combined with chemotherapy for unresectable colorectal liver metastases (CRC LM) J Clin Oncol 28 suppl 2010 abstact 3526
50. T. Livraghi, S.N. Goldberg, and F. Monti Saline-enhanced radio-frequency tissue ablation in the treatment of liver metastases Radiology 202 1997 205 210 (Pubitemid 27024128)
51. A.S. Wright, L.A. Sampson, and T.F. Warner Radiofrequency versus microwave ablation in a hepatic porcine model Radiology 236 2005 132 139 (Pubitemid 40853305)
52. B.N. Gray, J.E. Anderson, and M.A. Burton Regression of liver metastases following treatment with yttrium-90 microspheres Aust N Z J Surg 62 1992 105 110
53. R. Murthy, H. Xiong, and R. Nunez Yttrium 90 resin microspheres for the treatment of unresectable colorectal hepatic metastases after failure of multiple chemotherapy regimens: preliminary results J Vasc Interv Radiol 16 2005 937 945 (Pubitemid 40993516)
54. G. Van Hazel, A. Blackwell, and J. Anderson Randomised phase 2 trial of SIR-Spheres plus fluorouracil/leucovorin chemotherapy versus fluorouracil/leucovorin chemotherapy alone in advanced colorectal cancer J Surg Oncol 88 2004 78 85 (Pubitemid 39536508)
55. C.-Y.O. Wong, F. Qing, and M. Savin Reduction of metastatic load to liver after intraarterial hepatic yttrium-90 radioembolization as evaluated by [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomographic imaging J Vasc Interv Radiol 16 2005 1101 1106 (Pubitemid 41177123)
56. L. Lim, P. Gibbs, and D. Yip A prospective evaluation of treatment with selective internal radiation therapy (SIR-spheres) in patients with unresectable liver metastases from colorectal cancer previously treated with 5-FU based chemotherapy BMC Cancer 5 2005 132
57. R. Mancini, L. Carpanese, and R. Sciuto A multicentric phase II clinical trial on intra-arterial hepatic radiotherapy with 90yttrium SIR-spheres in unresectable, colorectal liver metastases refractory to i.v. chemotherapy: preliminary results on toxicity and response rates In Vivo 20 2006 711 714 (Pubitemid 46061605)
58. R. Cianni, C. Urigo, and E. Notarianni Radioembolisation using yttrium 90 (Y-90) in patients affected by unresectable hepatic metastases Radiol Med 115 2010 619 633
59. R. Cianni, C. Urigo, and E. Notarianni Selective internal radiation therapy with SIR-spheres for the treatment of unresectable colorectal hepatic metastases Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 32 2009 1179 1186
60. R.A. Sharma, G.A. Van Hazel, and B. Morgan Radioembolization of liver metastases from colorectal cancer using yttrium-90 microspheres with concomitant systemic oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin chemotherapy J Clin Oncol 25 2007 1099 1106 (Pubitemid 46596762)
61. A. Townsend, T. Price, and C. Karapetis Selective internal radiation therapy for liver metastases from colorectal cancer Cochrane Database of Syst Rev 2009 CD007045
62. C. Van De Wiele, L. Defreyne, and M. Peeters Yttrium-90 labelled resin microspheres for treatment of primary and secondary malignant liver tumors Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 53 2009 317 324
63. S.A. Gulec, G. Mesoloras, and W.A. Dezarn Safety and efficacy of Y-90 microsphere treatment in patients with primary and metastatic liver cancer: the tumor selectivity of the treatment as a function of tumor to liver flow ratio J Transl Med 5 2007 15
64. L. Lim, P. Gibbs, and D. Yip Prospective study of treatment with selective internal radiation therapy spheres in patients with unresectable primary or secondary hepatic malignancies Intern Med J 35 2005 222 227 (Pubitemid 40529583)
65. B. Gray, G. Van Hazel, and M. Hope Randomised trial of SIR-Spheres plus chemotherapy vs. chemotherapy alone for treating patients with liver metastases from primary large bowel cancer Ann Oncol 12 2001 1711 1720 (Pubitemid 34105661)
66. S. Giacchetti, M. Itzhaki, and G. Gruia Long-term survival of patients with unresectable colorectal cancer liver metastases following infusional chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin and surgery Ann Oncol 10 1999 663 669 (Pubitemid 29342371)
67. M. Rivoire, F. De Cian, and P. Meeus Combination of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with cryotherapy and surgical resection for the treatment of unresectable liver metastases from colorectal carcinoma Cancer 95 2002 2283 2292 (Pubitemid 35351133)
68. H. Bismuth, R. Adam, and F. Levi Resection of nonresectable liver metastases from colorectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy Ann Surg 224 1996 509 520
69. S.R. Alberts, W.L. Horvath, and W.C. Sternfeld Oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin for patients with unresectable liver-only metastases from colorectal cancer: A North Central Cancer Treatment Group phase II study J Clin Oncol 23 2005 9243 9249
70. C. Pozzo, M. Baszo, and A. Cassano Neoadjuvant treatment of unresectable liver disease with irinotecan and 5-fluorouracil plus folinic acid in colorectal cancer patients Ann Oncol 15 2004 933 939 (Pubitemid 39004350)
71. M. Ychou, F. Viret, and A. Kramar Tritherapy with fluorouracil/ leucovorin, irinotecan and oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX): a phase II study in colorectal cancer patients with non-resectable liver metastases Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 62 2008 195 201 (Pubitemid 351692073)
72. A. Falcone, S. Ricci, and I. Brunetti Phase III trial of infusional fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan (FOLFOXIRI) compared with infusional fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan (FOLFIRI) as first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer: the Gruppo Oncologico Nord Ovest J Clin Oncol 25 2007 1670 1676 (Pubitemid 46797946)
73. L.B. Saltz, S. Clarke, and E. Diaz-Rubio Bevacizumab in combination with oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy as first-line therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer: a randomized phase III study J Clin Oncol 26 2008 2013 2019
74. C. Emmanouilides, G. Sfakiotaki, and N. Androulakis Front-line bevacizumab in combination with oxaliplatin, leucovorin and 5-fluorouracil (FOLFOX) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: a multicenter phase II study BMC Cancer 7 2007 91
75. D.J. Jonker, C.J. O'Callaghan, and C.S. Karapetis Cetuximab for the treatment of colorectal cancer N Engl J Med 357 2007 2040 2048 (Pubitemid 350106711)
76. E. Van Cutsem, M. Peeters, and S. Siena Open-label phase III trial of panitumumab plus best supportive care compared with best supportive care alone in patients with chemotherapy-refractory metastatic colorectal cancer J Clin Oncol 25 2007 1658 1664 (Pubitemid 46797944)
77. A. Lievre, J.B. Bachet, and V. Boige KRAS mutations as an independent prognostic factor in patients with advanced colorectal cancer treated with cetuximab J Clin Oncol 26 2008 374 379 (Pubitemid 351171687)
78. D. Santini, F. Loupakis, and B. Vincenzi High concordance of KRAS status between primary colorectal tumors and related metastatic sites: implications for clinical practice Oncologist 13 2008 1270 1275
79. G. Folprecht, T. Gruenberger, and W.O. Bechstein Tumour response and secondary resectability of colorectal liver metastases following neoadjuvant chemotherapy with cetuximab: the CELIM randomised phase 2 trial Lancet Oncol 11 2010 38 47
80. B.S. Min, N.K. Kim, and J.B. Ahn Cetuximab in combination with 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin and irinotecan as a neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with initially unresectable colorectal liver metastases Onkologie 30 2007 637 643 (Pubitemid 350247762)
81. S.R. Alberts, J.H. Donohue, and M.R. Mahoney Efficacy and toxicity of cetuximab (C225) plus mFOLOFX6 in patients (pts) with nonoptimally resectable, colorectal metastases (MCRC) confined to the liver J Clin Oncol 26 suppl 2008 644s (abstract 15006) http://www.asco.org Accessed: June 29, 2011
82. C. Garufi, A. Torsello, and S. Tumolo Cetuximab plus chromodulated irinotecan, 5-flurouracil, leucovorin and oxaliplatin as neoadjuvant chemotherapy in colorectal liver metastases: POCHER trial Br J Cancer 103 2010 1542 1547
83. J. Tabernero, E. Van Cutsem, and E. Diaz-Rubio Phase II trial of cetuximab in combination with fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin in the first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer J Clin Oncol 25 2007 5225 5232 (Pubitemid 350232254)
84. R. Adam, T. Aloia, and F. Levi Hepatic resection after rescue cetuximab treatment for colorectal liver metastases previously refractory to conventional systemic therapy J Clin Oncol 25 2007 4593 4602 (Pubitemid 350035318)
85. A. Wein, C. Riedel, and W. Bruckl Neoadjuvant treatment with weekly high-dose 5-fluorouracil as 24-hour infusion, folinic acid and oxaliplatin in patients with primary resectable liver metastases of colorectal cancer Oncology 64 2003 131 138 (Pubitemid 36173378)
86. B. Gruenberger, D. Tamandl, and J. Schueller Bevacizumab, capecitabine, and oxaliplatin as neoadjuvant therapy for patients with potentially curable metastatic colorectal cancer J Clin Oncol 26 2008 1830 1835
87. B. Nordlinger, H. Sorbye, and B. Glimelius Perioperative chemotherapy with FOLFOX4 and surgery vs. surgery alone for resectable liver metastases from colorectal cancer (EORTC Intergroup trial 40983): a randomised controlled trial Lancet 371 2008 1007 1016 (Pubitemid 351392040)
88. E. Mitry, A.L.A. Fields, and H. Bleiberg Adjuvant chemotherapy after potentially curative resection of metastases from colorectal cancer: a pooled analysis of two randomized trials J Clin Oncol 26 2008 4906 4911
89. G. Portier, D. Elias, and O. Bouche Multicenter randomized trial of adjuvant fluorouracil and folinic acid compared with surgery alone after resection of colorectal liver metastases: FFCD ACHBTH AURC 9002 trial J Clin Oncol 24 2006 4976 4982 (Pubitemid 46631399)
90. M. Ychou, W. Hohenberger, and S. Thezenas A randomized phase III study comparing adjuvant 5-fluorouracil/folinic acid with FOLFIRI in patients following complete resection of liver metastases from colorectal cancer Ann Oncol 20 2009 1964 1970
91. Y.S. Chun, A. Laurent, and D. Maru Management of chemotherapy-associated hepatotoxicity in colorectal liver metastases Lancet Oncol 10 2009 278 286
92. D.A. Kooby, Y. Fong, and A. Suriawinata Impact of steatosis on perioperative outcome following hepatic resection J Gastrointest Surg 7 2003 1034 1044 (Pubitemid 37524071)
93. F.G. Fernandez, J. Ritter, and J.W. Goodwin Effect of steatohepatitis associated with irinotecan or oxaliplatin pretreatment on resectability of hepatic colorectal metastases J Am Coll Surg 200 2005 845 853 (Pubitemid 40744790)
94. J.N. Vauthey, T.M. Pawlik, and D. Ribero Chemotherapy regimen predicts steatohepatitis and an increase in 90-day mortality after surgery for hepatic colorectal metastases J Clin Oncol 24 2006 2065 2072 (Pubitemid 46622116)
95. A. Brouquet, S. Benoist, and C. Julie Risk factors for chemotherapy-associated liver injuries: a multivariate analysis of a group of 146 patients with colorectal metastases Surgery 145 2009 362 371
96. L. Rubbia-Brandt, V. Audard, and P. Sartoretti Severe hepatic sinusoidal obstruction associated with oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer Ann Oncol 15 2004 460 466 (Pubitemid 38444550)
97. J.H. Slade, M.L. Alattar, and D.R. Fogelman Portal hypertension associated with oxaliplatin administration: clinical manifestations of hepatic sinusoidal injury Clin Colorectal Cancer 8 2009 225 230
98. T. Aloia, M. Sebagh, and M. Plasse Liver histology and surgical outcomes after preoperative chemotherapy with fluorouracil plus oxaliplatin in colorectal cancer liver metastases J Clin Oncol 24 2006 4983 4990 (Pubitemid 46631400)
99. P.J. Allen, N. Kemeny, and W. Jarnagin Importance of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients undergoing resection of synchronous colorectal liver metastases J Gastrointest Surg 7 2003 109 115
100. S. Benoist, A. Brouquet, and C. Penna Complete response of colorectal liver metastases after chemotherapy: does it mean cure? J Clin Oncol 24 2006 3939 3945 (Pubitemid 46630742)
101. Y.S. Chun, J.-N. Vauthey, and D. Ribero Systemic chemotherapy and two-stage hepatectomy for extensive bilateral colorectal liver metastases: perioperative safety and survival J Gastrointest Surg 11 2007 1498 1504
102. M. Karoui, C. Penna, and M. Amin-Hashem Influence of preoperative chemotherapy on the risk of major hepatectomy for colorectal liver metastases Ann Surg 243 2006 1 7 (Pubitemid 43054046)
103. F.K.S. Welsh, H.S. Tilney, and P.P. Tekkis Safe liver resection following chemotherapy for colorectal metastases is a matter of timing Br J Cancer 96 2007 1037 1042 (Pubitemid 46608314)
104. C. Barone, G. Nuzzo, and A. Cassano Final analysis of colorectal cancer patients treated with irinotecan and 5-fluorouracil plus folinic acid neoadjuvant chemotherapy for unresectable liver metastases Br J Cancer 97 2007 1035 1039 (Pubitemid 47587006)