Is windswept tree growth negative thigmotropism?

Plant Science

Volumn 184, Issue , 2012, Pages 20-28

  Telewski, Frank W ^a  

^a MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Biomechanics; Flag tree; Plastic deformation; Thigmotropism; Viscoelasticity

Indexed keywords

ACCLIMATIZATION; BIOMECHANICS; GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND AGING; PHYSIOLOGY; REVIEW; TOUCH; TREE; TROPISM; WIND;

ACCLIMATIZATION; BIOMECHANICS; TOUCH; TREES; TROPISM; WIND;

EID: 84855373743     PISSN: 01689452     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2011.12.001     Document Type: Review

References (83)

1. Theophrastus, De causis plantarum: In Three Volumes, Trans. B. Einarson, G.K.K. Link, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1976.
2. Knight T. Account of some experiments on the descent of sap in trees. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London 1803, 93:277-289.
3. Metzger C. Der Wind als maßgebender Faktor für das Wachsthum der Bäume. Mündener Forstliche Hefte 1893, 3:35-86.
4. Mitchell C.A., Myers P.N. Mechanical stress regulation of plant growth and development. Hort. Rev. 1995, 17:1-42.
5. Telewski F.W. Wind-induced physiological and developmental responses in trees. Wind and Trees 1995, 237-263. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. M.P. Coutts, J. Grace (Eds.).
6. Telewski F.W. A unified hypothesis of mechanoperception in plants. Am. J. Bot. 2006, 93:1466-1476.
7. de Langre E. Effects of wind on plants. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 2008, 40:141-168.
8. Coutand C. Mechanosensing and thigmomorphogenesis, a physiological and biomechanical point of view. Plant Sci. 2010, 179:168-182.
9. Chehab W.E., Eich E., Braam J. Thigmomorphogenesis: a complex plant response to mechano-stimulation. J. Exp. Bot. 2009, 60:43-56.
10. Jaffe M.J. Thigmomorphogenesis: the response of plant growth and development to mechanical stimulation, with special reference to Bryonia dioica. Planta 1973, 144:143-157.
11. Jaffe M.J., Biro R., Bridle K. Thigmomorphogenesis: calibration of the parameters of the sensory function in beans. Physiol. Plant 1980, 49:410-416.
12. Telewski F.W., Pruyn M.L. Thigmomorphogenesis: a dose response to flexing in Ulmus americana seedlings. Tree Physiol. 1998, 18:65-68.
13. Coutand C., Martin L., Leblanc-Fournier N., Decourteix M., Julien J.-L., Moulia B. Strain mechanosensing quantitatively controls diameter growth and PtaZFP2 gene expression in poplar. Plant Physiol. 2009, 151:223-232.
14. Telewski F.W., Jaffe M.J. Thigmomorphogenesis: changes in the morphology and chemical composition by mechanical perturbation in 6-month-old Pinus taeda seedlings. Can. J. Forest Res. 1980, 11:380-387.
15. Wadsworth R.M. An optimum wind speed for plant growth. Ann. Bot. 1959, 23:195-199.
16. Jacobs M.R. The effect of wind sway on the form and development of Pinus radiata D. Don. Aust. J. Bot. 1954, 2:35-51.
17. Neel P.L., Harris R.W. Motion-induced inhibition of elongation and induction of dormancy in Liquidambar. Science 1971, 58-59.
18. Holbrook N.M., Putz F.E. Influence of neighbors on tree form: effects of lateral shade and prevention of sway on the allometry of Liquidambar styraciflua (Sweet Gum). Am. J. Bot. 1989, 76:1740-1749.
19. Valinger E. Effects of wind sway on stem form and crown development of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). Aust. Forest 1992, 55:15-21.
20. Tirén L. Einige Untersuchungen über die Schaftform. Medd Stat Skogsförsöksanst 1928, 24:81-152.
21. Härdtl H. Die Gestalt der Pflanzen in ihrer Abhängigkeit von der Schwerkraft. Forstwiss Cbl 1936, 58:765-775.
22. H. Härdtl, Die formbildende Wirkung der Eigenlast von Stamm und Zweigen bei einem Nadelbaum Forstwiss Cbl 60 (1938) 343-352, 424-429.
23. Schimper A.F.W. Pflanzen-Geographie auf physiologischer Grundlage 1898, Verlag von Gustav Fischer, Jena.
24. Jefferson M.S.W. Wind effects. J. Geog. 1904, 3:2-20.
25. Griggs R.F. The timberlines of northern America and their interpretation. Ecology 1938, 27:275-289.
26. Lawrence D.B. Some features of the vegetation of the Columbia River Gorge with special reference to asymmetry in forest trees. Ecol. Mono. 1939, 9:217-257.
27. Daubenmire R.F. Vegetational zonation in the rocky mountains. Bot. Rev. 1943, 9:325-393.
28. Richmond T.d.A. D. Mueller-Dombois coastline ecosystems on Oahu, Hawaii. Plant Ecol. 1972, 25:367-400.
29. Smith A.P. Notes on wind-related growth patterns of paramo plants in Venezuela. Biotropica 1972, 4:10-16.
30. Wade J.E., Hewson E.W. Trees as a local climatic wind indicator. J. Appl. Meteorol. 1979, 18:1182-1187.
31. Noguchi Y. Deformation of trees in Hawaii and its relation to wind. J. Ecol. 1979, 67:611-628.
32. Robertson A. Estimating mean windflow in hilly terrain from Tamarack (Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch) deformation. Int. J. Biometeor. 1986, 30:333-349.
33. Wooldridge G., Musselman R., Connely B., Fox D. Airflow patterns in a small subalpine basin. Theor. Appl. Climatol. 1992, 45:37-41.
34. Holtmeier F.-K. What does the term krummholz really mean? Observations with special reference to the Alps and the Colorado Front Range. Mt. Res. Dev. 1981, 1:253-260.
35. Wells B.W., Shunk I.V. Seaside shrubs; wind forms vs. spray forms. Science 1937, 85:499.
36. Klikoff L.G. Microenvironmental influence on vegetational pattern near timberline in the Central Sierra Nevada. Ecol. Mon. 1965, 35:187-211.
37. Larson P.R. Stem form of young Larix as influenced by wind and pruning. Forest Sci. 1965, 4:412-424.
38. Telewski F.W., Jaffe M.J. Thigmomorphogenesis: field and laboratory studies of Abies fraseri in response to wind or mechanical perturbation. Physiol. Plant 1986, 66:211-218.
39. Pruyn M.L., Ewers B.J., Telewski F.W. Thigmomorphogenesis: changes in the morphology and mechanical properties of two Populus hybrids in response to mechanical perturbation. Tree Physiol. 2000, 20:535-540.
40. Koch G., Bauch J., Puls J., Schwabe E. Biological, chemical, and mechanical characteristics of 'Wulstholz' as response to mechanical stress in living trees of Picea abies [L.] Karst. Holzforschung 2000, 54:137-143.
41. Yoshino M.M. Wind-shaped trees in the subalpine zone in Japan. Arct. Alpine Res. 1973, 5. pp. A155-A126.
42. Sekiguti T. Studies on local climatology, III. On the prevailing wind in early summer judged by bending shapes of top-twigs of persimmon trees at the Akaho Fan Nagano Prefecture, Japan. Pap. Meteorol. Geophys. 1951, 2:168-179.
43. Holroyd E.W. Prevailing winds on Whiteface Mountain as indicated by flag trees. Forest Sci. 1970, 16:222-229.
44. Putnam P.C. Power from the Wind 1948, D. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.
45. Greulach V.A. Plant Function and Structure 1973, MacMillan Publishing Co., Inc., New York.
46. Henderson I.F., Henderson W.D. A Dictionary of Scientific Terms 1920, D. Van Nostrand Company, New York.
47. Darwin C., Darwin F. The Power of Movement in Plants. The Power of Movement in Plants 1881, D. Appleton and Company, New York.
48. Huberman M., Jaffe M.J. Thigmotropism in organs of the bean plant (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Ann. Bot. 1986, 57:133-137.
49. Takahashi H., Jaffe J. Thigmotropism and the modulation of tropistic curvature by mechanical perturbation in cucumber hypocotyls. Physiol. Plant 1990, 80:561-567.
50. Yamamoto C., Sakata Y., Taja T., Baba T., Tanaka S. Unique ethylene-regulated touch responses of Arabidopsis thaliana roots to physical hardness. J. Plant Res. 2008, 121:509-519.
51. Fasano J.M., Massa G.D., Gilroy S. Ionic signaling in plant responses to gravity and touch. J. Plant Growth Regul. 2002, 21:71-88.
52. Esmon C.A., Pedmale U.V., Liscum E. Plant tropisms: providing the power of movement to a sessile organism. Int. J. Dev. Biol. 2005, 49:665-674.
53. Eshel A., Katz A., Waisel Y., Ohad N. Roots of tomato respond to mechanical stimulation by induction of touch genes. Plant Biosyst. 2005, 139(5):209-213.
54. Rees D.J., Grace J. The effects of wind on the extension growth of Pinus contorta Douglas. Forestry 1980, 53:145-153.
55. Berthier S., Stokes A. Righting response of artificially inclined maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) saplings to wind loading. Tree Physiol. 2006, 26:73-79.
56. Berthier S., Stokes A. Phototropic response induced by wind loading in Maritime pine seedlings (Pinus pinaster Aït.). J. Exp. Bot. 2005, 56:851-856.
57. R. Herrera, C. Krier, C. Lalanne, E.M. Ba, A. Stokes, F. Salin, T. Fourcaud, S. Claverol, C. Polmion, (Not) Keeping the stem straight: a proteomic analysis of maritime pine seedlings undergoing phototropism and gravitropism, BMC Plant Biol. 10 (2010) 217. doi:10.1186/1471-2229-10-217.
58. D.E. Kretschmann, Chapter 5: mechanical properties of wood, in: Wood Handbook, Wood as an engineering material, General Technical Report FPL-GTR-190, US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI, 2010, pp. 5-1-5-44.
59. Owada M. Prevailing winds in southeastern Hokhido and Donse-Genya. Geogr. Rev. Jpn. 1973, 46:505-515.
60. Niklas K., Spatz H.-C.H. Worldwide correlations of mechanical properties and green wood density. Am. J. Bot. 2010, 97:1587-1594.
61. Telewski F.W. Structure and function of flexure wood in Abies fraseri. Tree Physiol. 1989, 5:113-121.
62. Reiterer A., Lichtenegger H., Tschegg S., Fratzl P. Experimental evidence for a mechanical function of the cellulose microfibril angle in wood cell walls. Philos. Mag. A 1999, 79:2173-2184.
63. Fratzl P., Burgert I., Gupta H.S. On the role of interface polymers for the mechanics of natural polymeric composites. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2004, 6:5575-5579.
64. Spatz H.-C.H., Köhler L., Niklas K.J. Mechanical behavior of plant tissues: composite materials or structures?. J. Exp. Biol. 1999, 202:3269-3272.
65. Keckes J., Burgert I., Frühmann, Müller M., Kölln K., Hamilton M., Burghammer M., Roth S.V., Stanzl-Tschegg S., Fratzl P. Cell-wall recovery after irreversible deformation of wood. Nat. Mater. 2003, 2:810-814.
66. Coutand C., Mathias J-D., Jeronimidis G., Destrebecq J-F. TWIG: a model to simulate the gravitropic response of a tree axis in the frame of elasticity and viscoelasticity, at intra-annual time scale. J. Theor. Biol. 2011, 273:115-129.
67. Timell T.E. Compression Wood in Gymnosperms, vol. 3 1986, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
68. Alméras T., Fournier M. Biomechanical design and long-term stability of trees: morphological and wood traits involved in the balance between weight increase and the gravitropic reaction. J. Theor. Biol. 2009, 259:370-381.
69. Westing A.H. Compression wood in the regulation of branch angle in gymnosperms. Bull Torrey Bot. Club 1965, 92:62-66.
70. Färber J., Lichtenegger H.C., Reiterer A., Stanzl-Tschegg S., Fratzl P. Cellulose microfibril angles in a spruce branch and mechanical implications. J. Mater. Sci. 2001, 36:5087-5092.
71. Burgert I., Jungnikl K. Adaptive growth of gymnosperm branches-ultrastructural and micromechanical examinations. J. Plant Growth Regul. 2004, 23:76-82.
72. Spatz H-C., Brüchert F., Pfisterer J. Multiple resonance damping or how do trees escape dangerously large oscillations?. Am. J. Bot. 2007, 94:1603-1611.
73. Jungnikl K., Goebbels J., Burgert I., Fratzl P. The role of material properties for the mechanical adaptation at branch junctions. Trees 2009, 23:605-610.
74. Hartig R. Holzuntersuchungen Altes und Neues 1901, Julius Springer, Berlin.
75. Hart J.W. Plant Tropisms and Other Growth Movements 1990, Unwin Hyman, London.
76. Du S., Yamamoto F. An overview of the biology of reaction wood formation. J. Int. Plant Biol. 2007, 49:131-143.
77. Holland J.J., Roberts D., Liscum E. Understanding phototropism: from Darwin to today. J. Exp. Bot. 2009, 60:1969-1978.
78. Molas M.L., Kiss J.Z. Phototropism and gravitropism in Plants. Adv. Bot. Res. 2009, 49:1-34.
79. Reinhold L. Induction of coiling in tendrils by auxin and carbon dioxide. Science 1967, 158:791-793.
80. Telewski F.W. Intra-annual spiral compression wood: a record of low-frequency gravitropic circumnutational movement in trees. IAWA Bull. (N.S.) 1988, 9:269-274.
81. Köhler L., Speck T., Spatz H.-C.H. Micromechanics and anatomical changes during early ontogeny of two lianescent Aristolochia species. Planta 2000, 210:691-700.
82. Kern K.A., Ewers F.W., Telewski F.W., Koehler L. Mechanical perturbation affects conductivity, mechanical properties and aboveground biomass of hybrid poplars. Tree Physiol. 2005, 25:1243-1251.
83. Burgert I., Keckes J., Fratzl P. Mechanics of the wood cell wall. Characterization of the Cellulosic Cell Wall 2006, 30-37. Blackwell, Oxford, UK. D.D. Stokke, L.H. Broom (Eds.).