Forty years of monitoring water quality in Grasmere (English Lake District): Separating the effects of enrichment by treated sewage and hydraulic flushing on phytoplankton ecology

Freshwater Biology

Volumn 57, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 384-399

  Reynolds, Colin S ^b   Maberly, Stephen C ^a   Parker, Julie E ^a   de Ville, Mitzi M ^a  

^a CENTRE FOR ECOLOGY AND HYDROLOGY   (United Kingdom)

^b FRESHWATER BIOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Climate change; Flushing; Nutrient enrichment; Phytoplankton; Stoichiometric model

Indexed keywords

ALGAE; CERATIUM; CYANOBACTERIA; MICROCYSTIS;

EID: 84855348602     PISSN: 00465070     EISSN: 13652427     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2427.2011.02687.x     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Barker P.A., Wilby R.L. & Borrows J. (2004) A 200-year precipitation index for the central English Lake District. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 49, 769-785.
2. Barker P.A., Pates J.M., Payne R.J. & Healey R.M. (2005) Changing nutrient levels in Grasmere, English Lake District, during recent centuries. Freshwater Biology, 50, 1971-1981.
3. Bertrand C., Franquet E., Chomerat N. & Cazaubon A. (2004) An approach to the Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis at the landscape scale: the effects of hydrodynamic disturbance on phytoplankton communities. Archiv für Hydrobiologie, 161, 351-369.
4. Bragg M. (1983) Land of the Lakes. Martin Secker & Warburg, London.
5. Caputo L., Naselli-Flores L., Ordonez J. & Armengol J. (2008) Phytoplankton distribution along trophic gradients within and among reservoirs in Catalonia (Spain). Freshwater Biology, 53, 2543-2556.
6. Carrick T.R. & Sutcliffe D.W. (1982) Concentrations of major ions in lakes and tarns of the English Lake District. Occasional Publications of the Freshwater Biological Association, 16, 1-168.
7. Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (1999) Flood Estimation Handbook CD-ROM Version 1.0, copyright NERC (CEH) 2009.
8. Elliott J.I. (1977) Seasonal changes in the abundance and distribution of planktonic rotifers in Grasmere (English Lake District). Freshwater Biology, 7, 147-166.
9. Elliott J.A., Jones I.D. & Page T. (2009) The importance of nutrient source in determining the influence of retention time on phytoplankton: an explorative modelling study of a naturally well-flushed lake. Hydrobiologia, 627, 129-142.
10. Elliott J.A., Irish A.E. & Reynolds C.S. (2010) Modelling phytoplankton dynamics in fresh waters: affirmation of the PROTECH approach to simulation. Freshwater Reviews, 3, 75-96.
11. Grime J.P. (1979) Plant Strategies and Vegetation Processes. John Wiley and Sons, Chichester.
12. Hall G.H., Collins V.G., Jones J.G. & Horsley R.W. (1978) The effect of sewage effluent on Grasmere (English Lake District) with particular reference to inorganic nitrogen transformations. Freshwater Biology, 8, 165-175.
13. Harris G.P., Heaney S.I. & Talling J.F. (1979) Physiological and environmental constraints in the ecology of the planktonic dinoflagellate, Ceratium hirundinella. Freshwater Biology, 9, 413-428.
14. John D.M., Whitton B.A. & Brook A.J. (2002) The Freshwater Algal Flora of the British Isles. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
15. Jones I.D. & Elliott J.A. (2007) Modelling the effects of changing retention times on abundance and composition of phytopankton species in a small lake. Freshwater Biology, 52, 988-997.
16. Kadiri M.O. & Reynolds C.S. (1993) Long-term monitoring of the conditions of lakes: the example of the English Lake District. Archiv für Hydrobiologie, 129, 157-178.
17. Koenker R.W. (2005) Quantile Regression. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
18. Lund J.W.G. (1954) The seasonal cycle of the diatom, Melosira italica subsp. subarctica O.Mull. Journal of Ecology, 42, 151-179.
19. Lund J.W.G. (1959) A simple counting chamber for nanoplankton. Limnology and Oceanography, 4, 57-65.
20. Lund J.W.G. (1971) An artificial alteration of the seasonal cycle of the diatom, Melosira italica subsp. subarctica O.Mull. in an English lake. Journal of Ecology, 59, 421-433.
21. Lund J.W.G. (1978) Changes in the phytoplankton of an English lake, 1945-1977. Hydrobiological Journal (Kiev), 14, 6-21 (English Translation of Gidrobiologeskii Zhurnal).
22. Lund J.W.G. & Talling J.F. (1957) Botanical limnological methods, with special reference to the algae. Botanical Reviews, 23, 489-583.
23. Lund J.W.G., Kipling C. & Le Cren E.D. (1958) The inverted microscope method of estimating algal numbers and the statistical basis of estimations by counting. Hydrobiologia, 11, 143-170.
24. Maberly S.C. & Elliott J.A. (2011) Insights from long-term studies in the Windermere catchment: external stressors, internal interactions and the structure and function of lake ecosystems. Freshwater Biology, 57, 233-243.
25. Mackereth F.J.H. (1964) An improved galvanic cell for the determination of oxygen concentration in fluids. Journal of Scientific Instruments, 41, 38-41.
26. Mackereth F.J.H., Heron J. & Talling J.F. (1978) Water analysis: some methods for limnologists. Scientific Publications of the Freshwater Biological Association, No.21, 1-71.
27. McClean W.N. (1940) Windermere Basin: rainfall, runoff and storage. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 66, 337-367.
28. Millward R. & Robinson A. (1972) Cumbria. Landscapes of Britain Series, McMillan Education, London.
29. Morris A.W. & Riley J.P. (1963) The determination of nitrate in sea water. Analytica Chimica Acta, 29, 272-279.
30. Nogueira M.G., Ferrareze M., Moreira M.L. & Goueva R.M. (2010) Phytoplankton assemblages in a reservoir cascade of a large tropical-subtropical river (SE Brazil). Brazilian Journal of Biology, 70, 781-793.
31. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) (1982) Eutrophication of Waters: Monitoring, Assessment and Control. OECD, Paris.
32. Padisák J., Kohler J. & Hoeg S. (1999) The effect of changing flushing rates on development of late-summer Aphanizomenon and Microcystis populations in a shallow lake, Müggelsee, Berlin, Germany. In: Theoretical Reservoir Ecology and its Applications (Eds J.G. Tundisi & M. Straškraba), pp. 411-423. International Institute for Ecology, São Carlos.
33. Padisák J., Crossetti L.O. & Naselli-Flores L. (2009) Use and misuse in the application of the phytoplankton classification: a critical review with updates. Hydrobiologia, 621, 1-19.
34. Penman H.L. (1963) Vegetation and Hydrology. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureau, Farnham Royal.
35. R Development Core Team (2009) R: A language and environment for statistical computing. 792 R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria.
36. Reynolds C.S. (1992) Eutrophication and the management of planktonic algae: what Vollenweider couldn't tell us. In: Eutrophication: Research and Application to Water Supply (Eds D.W. Sutcliffe & J.G. Jones), pp. 4-29. Freshwater Biological Association, Ambleside.
37. Reynolds C.S. (2006) Ecology of Phytoplankton. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
38. Reynolds C.S. & Irish A.E. (2000) The phytoplankton of Windermere (English Lake District). Freshwater Biological Association, Ambleside.
39. Reynolds C.S. & Lund J.W.G. (1988) The phytoplankton of an enriched, soft-water lake, subject to intermittent hydraulic flushing (Grasmere, English Lake District). Freshwater Biology, 19, 379-404.
40. Reynolds C.S. & Maberly S.C. (2002) A simple method for approximating the supportive capacities and metabolic constraints in lakes and reservoirs. Freshwater Biology, 47, 1183-1188.
41. Reynolds C.S. & Wiseman S.W. (1982) Sinking losses of phytoplankton in closed limnetic systems. Journal of Plankton Research, 4, 489-522.
42. Reynolds C.S., Jaworski G.H.M., Cmiech H.A. & Leedale G.F. (1981) On the annual cycle of the blue-green alga, Microcystis aeruginosa Kütz. emend. Elenkin. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B, 293, 419-477.
43. Reynolds C.S., Huszar V.L., Kruk C., Naselli-Flores L. & Melo S. (2002) Towards a functional classification of the freshwater phytoplankton. Journal of Plankton Research, 24, 417-428.
44. Ryding S.-O. & Rast W. (1989) The Control of Eutrophication in Lakes and Reservoirs. UNESCO, Paris.
45. Smyly W.J.P. (1968) Observations on the planktonic and profundal crustacea of the lakes of the English Lake District. Journal of Animal Ecology, 37, 693-708.
46. Talling J.F. & Driver D. (1963) Some problems in the estimation of chlorophyll a in phytoplankton. In: Proceedings of the Conference on Primary Productivity Measurement, Marine and Freshwater, pp. 142-146. U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, (TID 7633).
47. Van Vlymen C.D. (1979) The natural history of Slapton Ley Nature Reserve. XII. The water balance of Slapton Ley. Field Studies, 5, 59-84.
48. Vollenweider R.A. & Kerekes J. (1980) The loading concept as a basis for controlling eutrophication philosophy and preliminary results of the OECD programme on eutrophication. Progress in Water Technology, 12, 5-38.
49. Youngman R.E. (1971) Algal monitoring of water supply reservoirs and rivers. Technical Memoranda of the Water Research Association, No. TM63, Medmenham, 26 pp.