Distinguishing case series from cohort studies

Annals of Internal Medicine

Volumn 156, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 37-40

  Dekkers, Olaf M ^a   Egger, Matthias ^b   Altman, Douglas G ^c   Vandenbroucke, Jan P ^a  

^a LEIDEN UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BERN   (Switzerland)

^c UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CASE STUDY; COHORT ANALYSIS; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; MORTALITY; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS;

EID: 84855283322     PISSN: 00034819     EISSN: 15393704     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-156-1-201201030-00006     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Vandenbroucke JP. In defense of case reports and case series. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134:330-4. [PMID: 11182844]
2. Osada H, Silber S, Kakinuma T, Nagaishi M, Kato K, Kato O. Surgical procedure to conserve the uterus for future pregnancy in patients suffering from massive adenomyosis. Reprod Biomed Online. 2011;22:94-9. [PMID: 21118751]
3. DM, Willits K, Hanson BP. Principles of designing a cohort study in orthopaedics. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2009;91 Suppl 3:10-4. [PMID: 19411494]
4. Kooistra B, Dijkman B, Einhorn TA, Bhandari M. How to design a good case series. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2009;91 Suppl 3:21-6. [PMID: 19411496]
5. JH. Appropriate use and reporting of uncontrolled case series in the medical literature. Am J Ophthalmol. 2011;151:7-10.e1. [PMID: 21163373]
6. Jabs DA. Improving the reporting of clinical case series [Editorial]. Am J Ophthalmol. 2005;139:900-5. [PMID: 15860297]
7. Ergina PL, Cook JA, Blazeby JM, Boutron I, Clavien PA, Reeves BC, et al; Balliol Collaboration. Challenges in evaluating surgical innovation. Lancet. 2009;374:1097-104. [PMID: 19782875]
8. Vandenbroucke JP, von Elm E, Altman DG, Gøtzsche PC, Mulrow CD, Pocock SJ, et al; STROBE initiative. Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE): explanation and elaboration. Ann Intern Med. 2007;147:W163-W194. [PMID: 17938389]
9. Rothman KJ, Greenland S, Lash TL. Modern Epidemiology. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2008.
10. Szklo M, Nieto FJ. Epidemiology: Beyond the Basics. 2nd ed. Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett; 2007.
11. Habot-Wilner Z, Sallam A, Roufas A, Kabasele PM, Grigg JR, McCluskey P, et al. Periocular corticosteroid injection in the management of uveitis in children. Acta Ophthalmol. 2010;88:e299-e304. [PMID: 21114631]
12. Yamazaki ES, Ferraz CA, Hazarbassanov RM, Allemann N, Campos M. Phototherapeutic keratectomy for the treatment of corneal opacities after epidemic keratoconjunctivitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 2011;151:35-43.e1. [PMID: 21109229]
13. Hoppe DJ, Schemitsch EH, Morshed S, Tornetta P 3rd, Bhandari M. Hierarchy of evidence: where observational studies fit in and why we need them. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2009;91 Suppl 3:2-9. [PMID: 19411493]
14. Ramulu VG, Levine RB, Hebert RS, Wright SM. Development of a case report review instrument. Int J Clin Pract. 2005;59:457-61. [PMID: 15853865]
15. Khan KS, Thompson PJ. A proposal for writing and appraising case reports. BJOG. 2002;109:849-51. [PMID: 12197361]
16. Kempen JH. Appropriate use and reporting of uncontrolled case series in the medical literature. Am J Ophthalmol. 2011;151:7-10.e1. [PMID: 21163373]
17. Fletcher HR, Fletcher SW, Wagner EH. Clinical Epidemiology: The Essentials. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1996.
18. Hennekens CH, Buring JE. Epidemiology in Medicine. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1987.
19. Sackett DL, Haynes RB, Guyatt HG, Tugwell P. Clinical Epidemiology: A Basic Science for Clinical Medicine. 2nd ed. Boston: Little, Brown; 1991.
20. Valanis B. Epidemiology in Health Care. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall; 1998.
21. Weiss NS. Clinical Epidemiology: The Study of the Outcome of Illness. New York: Oxford Univ Pr; 2006.
22. Friedrich N, Haring R, Nauck M, Lüdemann J, Rosskopf D, Spilcke-Liss E, et al. Mortality and serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF binding protein 3 concentrations. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009;94:1732-9. [PMID: 19223521]
23. Albrecht J, Meves A, Bigby M. Case reports and case series from Lancet had significant impact on medical literature. J Clin Epidemiol. 2005;58:1227-32. [PMID: 16291466]
24. Maclure M. The case-crossover design: a method for studying transient effects on the risk of acute events. Am J Epidemiol. 1991;133:144-53. [PMID: 1985444]
25. Grimes DA. "Case-control" confusion: mislabeled reports in obstetrics and gynecology journals. Obstet Gynecol. 2009;114:1284-6. [PMID: 19935031]
26. Mayo NE, Goldberg MS. When is a case-control study not a case-control study? J Rehabil Med. 2009;41:209-16. [PMID: 19247538]
27. Gokaraju K, Miles J, Parratt MT, Blunn GW, Pollock RC, Skinner JA, et al. Use of metal proximal radial endoprostheses for treatment of non-traumatic disorders: a case series. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2010;92:1685-9. [PMID: 21119175]
28. Dekkers OM, von Elm E, Algra A, Romijn JA, Vandenbroucke JP. How to assess the external validity of therapeutic trials: a conceptual approach. Int J Epidemiol. 2010;39:89-94. [PMID: 19376882]
29. Hernán MA, Hernández-Díaz S, Robins JM. A structural approach to selection bias. Epidemiology. 2004;15:615-25. [PMID: 15308962]
30. Glasziou P, Chalmers I, Rawlins M, McCulloch P. When are randomised trials unnecessary? Picking signal from noise. BMJ. 2007;334:349-51. [PMID: 17303884]
31. Straus SE, Richardson WS, Glasziou P, Haynes RB. Evidence-Based Medicine: How to Practice and Teach It. 4th ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 2011.
32. Hartling L, Bond K, Santaguida PL, Viswanathan M, Dryden DM. Testing a tool for the classification of study designs in systematic reviews of interventions and exposures showed moderate reliability and low accuracy. J Clin Epidemiol. 2011;64:861-71. [PMID: 21531537].