Allometric scaling of peak power output accurately predicts time trial performance and maximal oxygen consumption in trained cyclists

British Journal of Sports Medicine

Volumn 46, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 36-41

  Lamberts, Robert P ^a   Lambert, Michael I ^a   Swart, Jeroen ^a   Noakes, Timothy D ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN   (South Africa)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE; BICYCLE; BODY CONSTITUTION; ENERGY METABOLISM; HUMAN; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; PHYSIOLOGY; PREDICTIVE VALUE; TIME;

ADULT; ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE; BICYCLING; BODY CONSTITUTION; ENERGY METABOLISM; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; TIME FACTORS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84655163759     PISSN: 03063674     EISSN: 14730480     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.2010.083071     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Herbst R. Der Gasstoffwechsel als mab der körperlichen Leistungsfähigkeit. Dtsch Arch Klin Med 1928; 17 :367-71.
2. Lindhard J. Über das Minutenvolumen des Herzen bei Ruhe und bei Muskelarbeit. Pfl ugers Arch 1915; 161 :233-83.
3. Urhausen A, Gabriel HH, Weiler B, et al. Ergometric and psychological findings during overtraining: a long-term follow-up study in endurance athletes. Int J Sports Med 1998 ; 19 : 114-20.
4. Hill AV, Long CNH, Lupton H. Muscular exercise, lactic acid and the supply and utilization of oxygen: parts I-III. Proc R Soc 1924; 96 :438-75.
5. Hill AV, Lupton H. Muscular exercise, lactic acid, and the supply and utilization of oxygen. Q J Med 1923; 16 :135-71.
6. Arts F J, Kuipers H. The relation between power output, oxygen uptake and heart rate in male athletes. Int J Sports Med 1994 ; 15 : 228-31. (Pubitemid 24228378)
7. Jeukendrup A E, Craig NP, Hawley JA. The bioenergetics of World Class Cycling. J Sci Med Sport 2000 ; 3 : 414-33. (Pubitemid 32047851)
8. Jeukendrup A. High-Performance Cycling. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics Publishers 2002.
9. M ujika I, Padilla S. Physiological and performance characteristics of male professional road cyclists. Sports Med 2001 ; 31 : 479-87. (Pubitemid 32575374)
10. Craig NP, Norton KI. Characteristics of track cycling. Sports Med 2001 ; 31 : 457-68. (Pubitemid 32575372)
11. Hawley JA, Noakes TD. Peak power output predicts maximal oxygen uptake and performance time in trained cyclists. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1992 ; 65 : 79-83.
12. Lamberts RP, Swart J, Woolrich RW, et al. Measurement error associated with performance testing in well-trained cyclists: application to the precision of monitoring changes in training status. Int SportMed J 2009; 10 :33-44.
13. Lucia A, Hoyos J, Pérez M, et al. Heart rate and performance parameters in elite cyclists: a longitudinal study. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000 ; 32 : 1777-82.
14. Faria EW, Parker DL, Faria IE. The science of cycling: physiology and training-part 1. Sports Med 2005 ; 35 : 285-312.
15. Palmer GS, Dennis SC, Noakes TD, et al. Assessment of the reproducibility of performance testing on an air-braked cycle ergometer. Int J Sports Med 1996 ; 17 : 293-8. (Pubitemid 26187299)
16. Lindsay FH, Hawley JA, Myburgh KH, et al. Improved athletic performance in highly trained cyclists after interval training. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1996 ; 28 : 1427-34. (Pubitemid 26389303)
17. S tepto N K, Hawley JA, Dennis SC, et al. Effects of different intervaltraining programs on cycling time-trial performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1999 ; 31 : 736-41. (Pubitemid 29205437)
18. Lamberts RP, Swart J, Noakes TD, et al. Changes in heart rate recovery after high-intensity training in well-trained cyclists. Eur J Appl Physiol 2009 ; 105 : 705-13.
19. Lamberts R P, Swart J, Noakes TD, et al. A novel submaximal cycle test to monitor fatigue and predict cycling performance. Br J Sports Med 2011 ; 45 797-804.
20. Balmer J, Davison RC, Bird SR. Peak power predicts performance power during an outdoor 16.1-km cycling time trial. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000 ; 32 : 1485-90. (Pubitemid 30618575)
21. Swain DP. The influence of body mass in endurance bicycling. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1994 ; 26 : 58-63. (Pubitemid 24022535)
22. Swain DP, Coast JR, Clifford PS, et al. Influence of body size on oxygen consumption during bicycling. J Appl Physiol 1987 ; 62 : 668-72. (Pubitemid 17066627)
23. American College of Sports Medicine. Submaximal exercise tests. In: Whaley MH, Brubaker PH, Otto RM, eds. ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2007:70-4.
24. World Medical Association. World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. Nurs Ethics 2002; 9 :105-9.
25. Ross WD, Marfell-Jones MJ. Kinanthropometry. In: MacDougall JD, Wenger HA, Green HS, eds. Physiological Testing of the High Performance Athlete. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics 1991:223-308.
26. D urnin J V, Womersley J. Body fat assessed from total body density and its estimation from skinfold thickness: measurements on 481 men and women aged from 16 to 72 years. Br J Nutr 1974 ; 32 : 77-97.
27. R ietjens G J, Kuipers H, Kester AD, et al. Validation of a computerized metabolic measurement system (Oxycon-Pro) during low and high intensity exercise. Int J Sports Med 2001 ; 22 : 291-4. (Pubitemid 32476611)
28. N evill A M, Jobson SA, Palmer GS, et al. Scaling maximal oxygen uptake to predict cycling time-trial performance in the field: a non-linear approach. Eur J Appl Physiol 2005 ; 94 : 705-10. (Pubitemid 41136073)
29. Lamberts RP, Rietjens GJ, Tijdink HH, et al. Measuring submaximal performance parameters to monitor fatigue and predict cycling performance: a case study of a world-class cyclo-cross cyclist. Eur J Appl Physiol 2010 ; 108 : 183-90.