Disengagement coping as a mediator between trauma-related guilt and PTSD severity

Journal of Traumatic Stress

Volumn 24, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 708-715

  Held, Philip ^a   Owens, Gina P ^a   Schumm, Jeremiah A ^b   Chard, Kathleen M ^b   Hansel, Joseph E ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF INDIANAPOLIS   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR; ADULT; ARTICLE; CHECKLIST; FEMALE; GUILT; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; PUBLIC HOSPITAL; SELF REPORT; UNITED STATES; VETERAN;

ADAPTATION, PSYCHOLOGICAL; ADULT; CHECKLIST; FEMALE; GUILT; HOSPITALS, VETERANS; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MIDWESTERN UNITED STATES; SELF REPORT; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX; STRESS DISORDERS, POST-TRAUMATIC; VETERANS;

EID: 84155162971     PISSN: 08949867     EISSN: 15736598     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/jts.20689     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Aiken, L. S. W., & West, S. G., (1991). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
2. Beck, J. B., (1995). Cognitive therapy: Basics & beyond. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
3. Benotsch, E. G., Brailey, K., Vasterling, J. J., & Uddo, M. (2000). War zone stress, personal and environmental resources, and PTSD symptoms in Gulf War veterans: A longitudinal perspective. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 109, 205-213. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.109.2. 205
4. Blake, D. D., Weathers, F. W., Nagy, L. M., Kaloupek, D. G., Gusman, F. D., Charney, D. S., & Keane, T. M. (1995). The development of a clinician-administered PTSD scale. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 8, 75-90. doi:10.1002/jts.2490080106
5. Carter, J. D., Frampton, C. M., Mulder, R. T., Luty, S. E., & Joyce, P. R. (2010). The relationship of demographic, clinical, cognitive and personality variables to the discrepancy between self and clinician rated depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 124, 202-206. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2009.11.011
6. Cuijpers, P., Li, J., Hofmann, S. G., & Andersson, G. (2010). Self-reported versus clinician-rated symptoms of depression as outcome measures in psychotherapy research on depression: A meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 30, 768-778. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2010.06.001
7. Foa, E. B., & Rauch, S. A. M. (2004). Cognitive changes during prolonged exposure versus prolonged exposure plus cognitive restructuring in female assault survivors with posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 72, 879-884. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.72.5.879
8. Folkman, S., & Lazarus, R. S. (1980). An analysis of coping in a middle-aged community sample. Journal of Health & Human Behavior, 21, 219-239. doi:10.2307/2136617
9. Folkman, S., & Lazarus, R. S. (1991). Coping and emotion. Stress and coping: An anthology (3rd ed., pp. 207-227). New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
10. Gil, S. (2005). Coping style in predicting posttraumatic stress disorder among Israeli students. Anxiety, Stress & Coping: An International Journal, 18, 351-359. doi:10.1080/10615800500392732
11. Glover, H. (1985). Guilt and aggression in Vietnam veterans. American Journal of Social Psychiatry, 5(1), 15-18.
12. Graham, J. W. (2009). Missing data analysis: Making it work in the real world. Annual Review of Psychology, 60, 549-576. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.58.110405.085530
13. Hoge, C. W., Auchterlonie, J. L., & Milliken, C. S. (2006). Mental health problems, use of mental health services, and attrition from military service after returning from deployment to Iraq of Afghanistan. Journal of the American Medical Association, 295, 1023-1032. doi:10.1001/jama.295.9.1023
14. Hoge, C. W., Castro, C. A., Messer, S. C., McGurk, D., Cotting, D. I., & Koffman, R. L. (2004). Combat duty in Iraq and Afghanistan, mental health problems, and barriers to care. New England Journal of Medicine, 351, 13-22. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa040603
15. Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1-55. doi:10.1080/10705519909540118
16. Johnson, D. M., Sheahan, T. C., & Chard, K. M. (2003). Personality disorders, coping strategies, and posttraumatic stress disorder in women with histories of childhood sexual abuse. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 12, 19-39. doi:10.1300/J070v12n02-02
17. Kraemer, H. C., Kiernan, M., Essex, M., & Kupfer, D. J. (2008). How and why criteria defining moderators and mediators differ between Baron & Kenny and MacArthur approaches. Health Psychology, 27, S101-S108. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.27.2(Suppl.).S101
18. Kubany, E. S. (1994). A cognitive model of guilt typology in combat-related PTSD. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 7, 3-19. doi:10.1002/jts.2490070103
19. Kubany, E. S., Abueg, F. R., Owens, J. A., Brennan, J. M., Kaplan, A. S., & Watson, S. B. (1995). Initial examination of a multidimensional model of trauma-related guilt: Applications to combat veterans and battered women. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 17, 353-376. doi:10.1007/BF02229056
20. Kubany, E. S., Haynes, S. N., Abueg, F. R., Manke, F. P., Brennan, J. M., & Stahura, C. (1996). Development and validation of the Trauma-Related Guilt Inventory (TRGI). Psychological Assessment: A Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 8, 428-444. doi:10.1037/1040-3590.8.4.428
21. Kubany, E. S., & Manke, F. P. (1995). Cognitive therapy for trauma-related guilt: Conceptual bases and treatment outlines. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 2, 27-61. doi:10.1016/S1077-7229(05)80004-5
22. Littleton, H., Horsley, S., John, S., & Nelson, D. V. (2007). Trauma coping strategies and psychological distress: A meta-analysis. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 20, 977-988. doi:10.1002/jts.20276
23. Mallinckrodt, B., Abraham, T. W., Wei, M., & Russel, D. W. (2006). Advances in testing the statistical significance of mediation effects. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53, 372-378. doi:10.1037/0022-0167.53.3.372
24. Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (2010). Mplus (version 6.0). Los Angeles, CA: Author.
25. Nishith, P., Nixon, R. D. V., & Resick, P. A. (2005). Resolution of trauma-related guilt following treatment of PTSD in female rape victims: A result of cognitive processing therapy targeting comorbid depression? Journal of Affective Disorders, 86, 259-265. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2005.02.013
26. Orsillo, S. M. (Ed.)., (2001). Measures for acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disroder. New York, NY: Kluwer.
27. Owens, G. P., Chard, K. M., & Cox, T. A. (2008). The relationship between maladaptive cognitions, anger expression, and posttraumatic stress disorder among veterans in residential treatment. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment, and Trauma, 17, 439-452. doi:10.1080/10926770802473908
28. Owens, G. P., Steger, M. F., Whitesell, A. A., & Herrera, C. J. (2009). Posttraumatic stress disorder, guilt, depression, and meaning in life among military veterans. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 22, 654-657. doi:10.1002/jts.20460
29. Perkonigg, A., & Wittchen, H. U. (1999). Prevalence and comorbidity of traumatic events and posttraumatic stress disorder in adolescents and young adults. In A. Maercker, M. Schützwohl & Z. Solomin (Eds.), Post-traumatic stress disorder. A lifespan developmental perspective (pp. 113-133). Seattle, WA: Hogrefe & Huber.
30. Prigerson, H. G., Maciejewski, P. K., & Rosenheck, R. A. (2001). Combat trauma: Trauma with highest risk of delayed onset and unresolved posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, unemployment, and abuse among men. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 189, 99-108. doi:10.1097/00005053-200102000-00005
31. Resick, P. A., Monson, C. M., & Chard, K. M., (2007). Cognitive processing therapy treatment manual: Veteran/military version. Boston, MA: Veterans Administration.
32. Shrout, P. E., & Bolger, N. (2002). Mediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies: New procedures and recommendations. Psychological Methods, 7, 422-445. doi:10.1037/1082-989X.7.4.422
33. Snyder, C. R., & Pulvers, K. (2001). Dr. Seuss, the coping machine, and "Oh, the places you will go". In C. R. Snyder (Ed.), Coping with stress: Effective people and processes (pp. 3-19). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
34. Solomon, Z., Mikulincer, M., & Flum, H. (1988). Negative life events, coping responses, and combat-related psychopathology: A prospective study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 97, 302-307. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.97.3.302
35. Street, A. E., Gibson, L. E., & Holohan, D. R. (2005). Impact of childhood traumatic events, trauma-related guilt, and avoidant coping strategies on PTSD symptoms in female survivors of domestic violence. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 18, 245-252. doi:10.1002/jts.20026
36. Suls, J., & Fletcher, B. (1985). The relative efficacy of avoidant and nonavoidant coping strategies: A meta-analysis. Health Psychology, 4, 249-288. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.4.3.249
37. Tanielian, T. L., & Jaycox, L. H., (2008). Invisible wounds of war: psychological and cognitive injuries, their consequences, and services to assist recovery. Santa Monica, CA: Rand Corporation.
38. Tobin, D. L., Holroyd, K. A., Reynolds, R. V., & Wigal, J. K. (1989). The hierarchical factor structure of the Coping Strategies Inventory. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 13, 343-361. doi:10.1007/BF01173478
39. Weathers, F. W., Keane, T. M., & Davidson, J. R. T. (2001). Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale: A review of the first ten years of research. Depression and Anxiety, 13, 132-156. doi:10.1002/da.1029
40. Weathers, F. W., Litz, B. T., Herman, D., Huska, J., & Keane, T. M. (1993, October). PTSD Checklist (PCL): Reliability, validity, and diagnostic utility. Paper presented at the the Annual Convention of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies.