Composite soundings associated with severe and tornadic thunderstorms in Central Alberta

Atmosphere - Ocean

Volumn 49, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 269-278

  Dupilka, Maxwell L ^a   Reuter, Gerhard W ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Hailstorms; Tornadic storms; Tornado forecasting; Wind shear

Indexed keywords

HAIL; SEVERE WEATHER; THERMODYNAMICS; THUNDERSTORM; TORNADO; WEATHER FORECASTING; WIND SHEAR;

ALBERTA; CANADA;

EID: 84055217646     PISSN: 07055900     EISSN: 14809214     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/07055900.2011.607146     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. BLUESTEIN, H.B. and M.H. JAIN. 1985. Formation of mesoscale lines of precipitation: Severe squall lines in Oklahoma during the spring. J. Atmos. Sci. 42: 1711-1732.
2. BROOKS, H.E.; C.A. DOSWELL, III and J. COOPER. 1994. On the environment of tornadic and non-tornadic mesocyclones. Weather Forecast. 9: 606-618.
3. BUNKERS, M.J.; B.A. KLIMOWSKI, J.W. ZEITLER, R.L. THOMPSON and M. L. WEISMAN. 2000. Predicting supercell motion using a new hodograph technique. Weather Forecast. 15: 61-79. (Pubitemid 30242165)
4. BUNKERS, M.J.; S. JOHNSON, L.J. CZEPYHA, J.M. GRZYWACZ, B.A. KLIMOWSKI and M.R. HJELMFELT 2006. An observational examination of long-lived supercells. Part II: Environmental conditions and forecasting. Weather Forecast. 21: 689-714. (Pubitemid 44660373)
5. CHISHOLM, A.J. and J.H. RENICK. 1972. The kinematics ofmulticell and super-cell Alberta hailstorms (Research Council of Alberta Hail Studies Report 72-2). Edmonton, AB: Research Council of Alberta.
6. COLQUHOUN, J.R. 1980. A method of estimating the velocity of a severe thun-derstorm using the vertical wind profile in the storm's environment. In Preprints, 8th Conference of Weather Forecasting and Analysis (pp. 316-323). Conducted at the meeting of the American Meteorological Society, Denver, Colorado.
7. th Conf. on Severe Local Storms (pp. 148-151). Presented at the meeting of the American Meteorological Society, Kansas City, Missouri.
8. ́, D. 1994. Weather Analysis. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall Inc.
9. DOSWELL, C.A., III and E.N. RASMUSSEN. 1994. The effect of neglecting the virtual temperature correction on CAPE calculations. Weather Forecast. 9: 625-629.
10. DUPILKA, M.L. and G.W. REUTER. 2005. An examination ofthree severe con-vective storms that produced significant tornadoes in central Alberta. Nat Weather Dig. 29: 47-59.
11. DUPILKA, M.L. and G.W. REUTER. 2006a. Forecasting tornadic thunderstorm potential in Alberta using environmental sounding data. Part I:Wind shear and buoyancy. Weather Forecast. 21: 325-335. (Pubitemid 44028373)
12. DUPILKA, M.L. and G.W. REUTER. 2006b. Forecasting tornadic thunderstorm potential in Alberta using environmental sounding data. Part II: Helicity, precipitable water, and stormconvergence. Weather Forecast. 21: 336-346 (Pubitemid 44028374)
13. FAWBUSH, EJ.;R.C.MILLERand L.G. STARRETT. 1951. An empiricalmethod of forecasting tornado development. Bull. Am.. Meteorol. Soc. 32: 1-9.
14. FAWBUSH, E.J. and R.C. MILLER. 1952. A mean sounding representative of the tornadic airmass environment Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 33: 303-307.
15. FAWBUSH, E.J. and R.C. MILLER. 1954. The types ofairmasses in which North American tornadoes form. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 35: 154-165.
16. FUJITA, T.T. 1981. Tornadoes and downbursts in the context of generalized planetary scales. J. Atmos. Sci. 38: 1511-1534.
17. HAGE, K.D. 2003. On destructive Canadian prairie windstorms and severe winters. Nat Hazards. 29: 207-228.
18. KERR, B.W. and G.L. DARKOW. 1996. Storm-relative winds and helicity in the tornadic thunderstorm environment. Weather Forecast. 11: 489-505.
19. LILLY, D.K. 1986. The structure, energetics and propagation ofrotating con-vective storms. Part II:Helicity and storm stabilization. J. Atmos. Sci. 43: 126-140.
20. MADDOX, R.A. 1976. An evaluation of tornado proximity wind and stability data.Mon. Weather Rev. 104: 133-142.
21. MCCAUL, E.W., JR. 1991. Bouyancy and shear characteristics ofhurricane-tornadoenvironments.Mon. Weather Rev. 119: 1954-1978.
22. MILLER, I.; J.E. FREUND and R.A. JOHNSON. 2000. Probability and statistics for engineers 4th edition. (pp. 198-308). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
23. MONTEVERDI, J.P.; C.A. DOSWELL and G.S. LIPARI. 2003. Shear parameter thresholds for forecasting tornadic thunderstorms in northern and central California. Weather Forecast. 18: 357-370. (Pubitemid 36659034)
24. NEWARK, M.J. 1984. Canadian tornadoes, 1950-1979. Atmosphere-Ocean, 22: 343-353.
25. NOAA 1996. CIRES Climate Diagnostics Center [Data]. Retrieved from the NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSD web site at: www.cdc.noaa.gov
26. RASMUSSEN, E.N. 2003. Refined supercell and tornado forecast parameters. Weather Forecast. 18: 530-535. (Pubitemid 36941604)
27. th Conference on Severe Local Storms (pp. 55-58). Presented at the meeting of the American Meteorological Society, Tulsa, Oklahoma.
28. RASMUSSEN, E.N. and D.O. BLANCHARD. 1998. A baseline climatology of sounding-derived supercell and tornado forecast parameters. Weather Forecast. 13: 1148-1164. (Pubitemid 29184463)
29. SCHAEFER, J.T. and R.L. LIVINGSTON. 1988. The typical structure of tornado proximity soundings. J. Geophys. Res. 93: 5351-5364.
30. SHEWCHUK, J. 2002. RAOB (the Rawinsonde Observation Program) for Windows (Version 5.1) [Software]. Environmental Research Services. Matamoras, PA: Environmental Research Services.
31. SMITH, S.B. and M.K. YAU. 1993a. The causes of severe convective outbreaks in Alberta. Part I: A comparison of a severe outbreak with two nonsevere events.Mon. Weather Rev. 121: 1099-1125. (Pubitemid 24392792)
32. SMITH, S.B. and M.K. YAU. 1993b. The causes of severe convective outbreaks in Alberta. Part II: Conceptual and statistical analysis. Mon. Weather Rev. 121: 1126-1133. (Pubitemid 24392793)
33. SMITH, S.B.; G.W. REUTER and M.K. YAU. 1998. The episodic occurrence of hail in central Alberta and the Highveld of South Africa. Atmosphere-Ocean, 36: 169-178.
34. THOMPSON, R.L.; R. EDWARDS, J.A. HART, K.L. ELMORE and P. MARKOWSKI. 2003. Close proximity soundings within supercell environments obtained from the Rapid Update Cycle. Weather Forecast. 18: 1243-1261. (Pubitemid 38119585)
35. WAKIMOTO, R.M. and J.W. WILSON. 1989. Non-supercell tornadoes. Mon. Weather Rev. 117: 1113-1140.
36. WEISMAN, M.L. and J.B. KLEMP. 1982. The dependence ofnumerically simu-lated convective storms on vertical wind shear and buoyancy. Mon. Weather Rev. 110: 504-520.
37. WEISMAN, M.L. and J.B. KLEMP. 1986. Characteristics ofisolated convective storms. In P.S. Ray (Ed.), Mesoscale Meteorology and Forecasting (pp. 331-357). Boston, MA: American Meteorological Society.
38. WRIGHT, J.M., JR. 1997. Federalmeteorological handbook No. 3: Rawinsonde and Pibal Obervations. Retrieved from http://www.ofcm.gov/fmh3/text/ default.htm