메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 42, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 99-110

Multiple resource limitation and ontogeny combined: A growth rate comparison of three co-occurring conifers

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BRITISH COLUMBIA; CARBON BALANCE; COMBINED EFFECT; CONIFER SPECIES; GROWTH RESPONSE; HEIGHT GROWTH; LATIFOLIA; LODGEPOLE PINE; MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD METHODS; MULTIPLE RESOURCES; ONTOGENETIC CHANGES; PICEA GLAUCA; PINUS CONTORTA; PLANT COMMUNITIES; PLANT GROWTH; RANK ORDER; SOIL FERTILITY; SOIL RESOURCES; SUB-ALPINE FIR; TREE SIZE;

EID: 83755188080     PISSN: 00455067     EISSN: 12086037     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/X11-163     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (15)

References (51)
  • 1
    • 0034028405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age structure and growth of the tree-seedling bank in subalpine spruce-fir forests of south-central British Columbia
    • doi:10.1674/0003-0031(2000)143[0342:ASAGOT]2.0.CO;2
    • Antos, J.A., Parish, R., and Conley, K. 2000. Age structure and growth of the tree-seedling bank in subalpine spruce-fir forests of south-central British Columbia. Am. Midl. Nat. 143(2): 342-354.doi:10.1674/0003-0031(2000)143[0342:ASAGOT]2.0.CO;2.
    • (2000) Am. Midl. Nat , vol.143 , Issue.2 , pp. 342-354
    • Antos, J.A.1    Parish, R.2    Conley, K.3
  • 2
    • 54049111338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recruitment limitation in forests: Lessons from an unprecedented mountain pine beetle epidemic
    • doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2008.07.025
    • Astrup, R., Coates, K.D., and Hall, E. 2008. Recruitment limitation in forests: lessons from an unprecedented mountain pine beetle epidemic. For. Ecol. Manage. 256(10): 1743-1750. doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2008.07.025.
    • (2008) For. Ecol. Manage , vol.256 , Issue.10 , pp. 1743-1750
    • Astrup, R.1    Coates, K.D.2    Hall, E.3
  • 3
    • 0000640202 scopus 로고
    • A field guide to site identification and interpretation for the Prince Rupert Forest Region
    • accessed 25January 2011
    • Banner, A., MacKenzie, W., Haeussler, S., Thomson, S., Pojar, J., and Trowbridge, R. 1993. A field guide to site identification and interpretation for the Prince Rupert Forest Region. BC Ministry of Forests, Land Management Handbook 26. Available from http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/Docs/Lmh/Lmh26.htm [accessed 25January 2011].
    • (1993) BC Ministry of Forests, Land Management Handbook , vol.26
    • Banner, A.1    Mackenzie, W.2    Haeussler, S.3    Thomson, S.4    Pojar, J.5    Trowbridge, R.6
  • 4
    • 0034847553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors contributing to the superior growth and N nutrition of 11-year-old lodgepole pine compared with Sitka spruce on a N-poor cedar- hemlock cutover
    • doi:10.1139/x01-056
    • Bothwell, K.S., Prescott, C.E., and Jones, M.D. 2001. Factors contributing to the superior growth and N nutrition of 11-year-old lodgepole pine compared with Sitka spruce on a N-poor cedar- hemlock cutover. Can. J. For. Res. 31(7): 1272-1279. doi:10.1139/x01-056.
    • (2001) Can. J. For. Res , vol.31 , Issue.7 , pp. 1272-1279
    • Bothwell, K.S.1    Prescott, C.E.2    Jones, M.D.3
  • 5
    • 60049095359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of density and ontogeny on size and growth ranks of three competing tree species
    • doi:10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01477.x
    • Boyden, S.B., Reich, P.B., Puettmann, K.J., and Baker, T.R. 2009. Effects of density and ontogeny on size and growth ranks of three competing tree species. J. Ecol. 97(2): 277-288. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01477.x.
    • (2009) J. Ecol , vol.97 , Issue.2 , pp. 277-288
    • Boyden, S.B.1    Reich, P.B.2    Puettmann, K.J.3    Baker, T.R.4
  • 7
    • 0024252102 scopus 로고
    • An index for understory light levels in and around canopy gaps
    • doi:10.2307/1941664
    • Canham, C.D. 1988. An index for understory light levels in and around canopy gaps. Ecology, 69(5): 1634-1638. doi:10.2307/1941664.
    • (1988) Ecology , vol.69 , Issue.5 , pp. 1634-1638
    • Canham, C.D.1
  • 8
    • 0025683767 scopus 로고
    • Light regimes beneath closed canopies and tree-fall gaps in temperate and tropical forests
    • doi:10.1139/x90-084
    • Canham, C.D., Denslow, J.S., Platt, W.J., Runkle, J.R., Spies, T.A., and White, P.S. 1990. Light regimes beneath closed canopies and tree-fall gaps in temperate and tropical forests. Can. J. For. Res. 20(5): 620-631. doi:10.1139/x90-084.
    • (1990) Can. J. For. Res , vol.20 , Issue.5 , pp. 620-631
    • Canham, C.D.1    Denslow, J.S.2    Platt, W.J.3    Runkle, J.R.4    Spies, T.A.5    White, P.S.6
  • 9
    • 0002076333 scopus 로고
    • Plant responses to multiple environmental factors
    • doi:10.2307/1310177
    • Chapin, F.S., III, Bloom, A.J., Field, C.B., and Waring, R.H. 1987. Plant responses to multiple environmental factors. Bioscience, 37(1): 49-57. doi:10.2307/1310177.
    • (1987) Bioscience , vol.37 , Issue.1 , pp. 49-57
    • Chapin, F.S.1    Bloom, A.J.2    Field, C.B.3    Waring, R.H.4
  • 10
    • 0033178335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing the growth of tropical rain forest trees: Issues for forest modeling and management
    • doi:10.1890/1051-0761(1999)009[0981:ATGOTR]2.0.CO;2
    • Clark, D.A., and Clark, D.B. 1999. Assessing the growth of tropical rain forest trees: issues for forest modeling and management. Ecol. Appl. 9(3): 981-997. doi:10.1890/1051-0761(1999)009[0981:ATGOTR]2.0.CO;2.
    • (1999) Ecol. Appl , vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp. 981-997
    • Clark, D.A.1    Clark, D.B.2
  • 11
    • 0242340405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Succession in subboreal forests of west-central British Columbia
    • doi:10.1111/j.1654-1103.2003.tb02204.x
    • Clark, D.F., Antos, J.A., and Bradfield, G.E. 2003. Succession in subboreal forests of west-central British Columbia. J. Veg. Sci. 14(5): 721-732. doi:10.1111/j.1654-1103.2003.tb02204.x.
    • (2003) J. Veg. Sci , vol.14 , Issue.5 , pp. 721-732
    • Clark, D.F.1    Antos, J.A.2    Bradfield, G.E.3
  • 12
    • 0036215870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth and crown morphological responses of boreal conifer seedlings and saplings with contrasting shade tolerance to a gradient of light and height
    • doi:10.1139/x01-220
    • Claveau, Y., Messier, C., Comeau, P.G., and Coates, K.D. 2002. Growth and crown morphological responses of boreal conifer seedlings and saplings with contrasting shade tolerance to a gradient of light and height. Can. J. For. Res. 32(3): 458-468.doi:10.1139/x01-220.
    • (2002) Can. J. For. Res , vol.32 , Issue.3 , pp. 458-468
    • Claveau, Y.1    Messier, C.2    Comeau, P.G.3    Coates, K.D.4
  • 13
    • 16244370426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interacting influence of light and size on aboveground biomass distribution in sub-boreal conifer saplings with contrasting shade tolerance
    • PMID:15631985
    • Claveau, Y., Messier, C., and Comeau, P.G. 2005. Interacting influence of light and size on aboveground biomass distribution in sub-boreal conifer saplings with contrasting shade tolerance. Tree Physiol. 25(3): 373-384. PMID:15631985.
    • (2005) Tree Physiol , vol.25 , Issue.3 , pp. 373-384
    • Claveau, Y.1    Messier, C.2    Comeau, P.G.3
  • 14
    • 0033305913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth of planted tree seedlings in response to ambient light levels in northwestern interior cedar- hemlock forests of British Columbia
    • doi:10.1139/x99-091
    • Coates, K.D., and Burton, P.J. 1999. Growth of planted tree seedlings in response to ambient light levels in northwestern interior cedar- hemlock forests of British Columbia. Can. J. For. Res. 29(9): 1374-1382. doi:10.1139/x99-091.
    • (1999) Can. J. For. Res , vol.29 , Issue.9 , pp. 1374-1382
    • Coates, K.D.1    Burton, P.J.2
  • 15
    • 57649118576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Above- versus below-ground competitive effects and responses of a guild of temperate tree species
    • doi:10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01458
    • Coates, K.D., Canham, C.D., and LePage, P.T. 2009. Above- versus below-ground competitive effects and responses of a guild of temperate tree species. J. Ecol. 97(1): 118-130. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01458.x.
    • (2009) J. Ecol , vol.97 , Issue.1 , pp. 118-130
    • Coates, K.D.1    Canham, C.D.2    Lepage, P.T.3
  • 16
    • 0033810818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacts of root competition in forests and woodlands: A theoretical framework and review of experiments
    • doi:10.1890/0012-9615(2000)070[0171:IORCIF]2.0.CO;2
    • Coomes, D.A., and Grubb, P.J. 2000. Impacts of root competition in forests and woodlands: a theoretical framework and review of experiments. Ecol. Monogr. 70(2): 171-207. doi:10.1890/0012-9615(2000)070[0171:IORCIF]2.0.CO;2.
    • (2000) Ecol. Monogr , vol.70 , Issue.2 , pp. 171-207
    • Coomes, D.A.1    Grubb, P.J.2
  • 17
    • 0004128472 scopus 로고
    • 2nd ed. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland
    • Edwards, A.W.F. 1992. Likelihood. 2nd ed. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland.
    • (1992) Likelihood
    • Edwards, A.W.F.1
  • 19
    • 0001628320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Technological tools: Gap light analyzer (GLA
    • Frazer, G.W., Canham, C.D., and Lertzman, K.P. 2000. Technological tools: gap light analyzer (GLA), v. 2. Bull. Ecol. Soc. Am. 81 (3): 191-197.
    • (2000) Bull. Ecol. Soc. Am , vol.2 , Issue.3 , pp. 191-197
    • Frazer, G.W.1    Canham, C.D.2    Lertzman, K.P.3
  • 20
    • 33646749460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life history trade-offs in tropical trees and lianas
    • doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[1281:LHTITT]2.0.CO;2. PMID:16761606
    • Gilbert, B., Wright, S.J., Muller-Landau, H.C., Kitajima, K., and Hernandéz, A. 2006. Life history trade-offs in tropical trees and lianas. Ecology, 87(5): 1281-1288. doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[1281:LHTITT]2.0.CO;2. PMID:16761606.
    • (2006) Ecology , vol.87 , Issue.5 , pp. 1281-1288
    • Gilbert, B.1    Wright, S.J.2    Muller-Landau, H.C.3    Kitajima, K.4    Hernandéz, A.5
  • 21
    • 0024226388 scopus 로고
    • Adaptation to sun and shade: A whole-plant perspective
    • doi:10.1071/PP9880063
    • Givnish, T.J. 1988. Adaptation to sun and shade: a whole-plant perspective. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 15(2): 63-92. doi:10.1071/PP9880063.
    • (1988) Aust. J. Plant Physiol , vol.15 , Issue.2 , pp. 63-92
    • Givnish, T.J.1
  • 22
    • 43949152886 scopus 로고
    • Global optimization of statistical functions with simulated annealing
    • doi:10.1016/0304-4076(94)90038-8
    • Goffe, W.L., Ferrier, G.D., and Rogers, J. 1994. Global optimization of statistical functions with simulated annealing. J. Econom. 60(1-2): 65-99. doi:10.1016/0304-4076(94)90038-8.
    • (1994) J. Econom , vol.60 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 65-99
    • Goffe, W.L.1    Ferrier, G.D.2    Rogers, J.3
  • 23
    • 0031473875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Canopy and age structures of some old sub-boreal Picea stands in British Columbia
    • doi:10.2307/3237365
    • Kneeshaw, D.D., and Burton, P.J. 1997. Canopy and age structures of some old sub-boreal Picea stands in British Columbia. J. Veg. Sci. 8(5): 615-626. doi:10.2307/3237365.
    • (1997) J. Veg. Sci , vol.8 , Issue.5 , pp. 615-626
    • Kneeshaw, D.D.1    Burton, P.J.2
  • 24
    • 33645085567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sapling size influences shade tolerance ranking among southern boreal tree species
    • doi:10.1111/j.1365-2745.2005.01070.x
    • Kneeshaw, D.D., Kobe, R.K., Coates, K.D., and Messier, C. 2006. Sapling size influences shade tolerance ranking among southern boreal tree species. J. Ecol. 94(2): 471-480. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2745.2005.01070.x.
    • (2006) J. Ecol , vol.94 , Issue.2 , pp. 471-480
    • Kneeshaw, D.D.1    Kobe, R.K.2    Coates, K.D.3    Messier, C.4
  • 25
    • 0030390672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intraspecific variation in sapling mortality and growth predicts geographic variation in forest composition
    • doi:10.2307/2963474
    • Kobe, R.K. 1996. Intraspecific variation in sapling mortality and growth predicts geographic variation in forest composition. Ecol. Monogr. 66(2): 181-201. doi:10.2307/2963474.
    • (1996) Ecol. Monogr , vol.66 , Issue.2 , pp. 181-201
    • Kobe, R.K.1
  • 26
    • 30544448857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sapling growth as a function of light and landscape-level variation in soil water and foliar nitrogen in northern Michigan
    • doi:10.1007/s00442-005-0252-8. PMID:16208492
    • Kobe, R.K. 2006. Sapling growth as a function of light and landscape-level variation in soil water and foliar nitrogen in northern Michigan. Oecologia (Berl.), 147(1): 119-133. doi:10.1007/s00442-005-0252-8. PMID:16208492.
    • (2006) Oecologia (Berl.) , vol.147 , Issue.1 , pp. 119-133
    • Kobe, R.K.1
  • 27
    • 0030618287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Models of sapling mortality as a function of growth to characterize interspecific variation in shade tolerance of eight tree species of northwestern British Columbia
    • doi:10.1139/x96-182
    • Kobe, R.K., and Coates, K.D. 1997. Models of sapling mortality as a function of growth to characterize interspecific variation in shade tolerance of eight tree species of northwestern British Columbia. Can. J. For. Res. 27(2): 227-236. doi:10.1139/x96-182.
    • (1997) Can. J. For. Res , vol.27 , Issue.2 , pp. 227-236
    • Kobe, R.K.1    Coates, K.D.2
  • 28
    • 51649086676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inverse relationship between understory light and foliar nitrogen along productivitygradients of boreal forests
    • doi:10.1139/X08-096
    • Kranabetter, J.M., and Simard, S.W. 2008. Inverse relationship between understory light and foliar nitrogen along productivitygradients of boreal forests. Can. J. For. Res. 38(9): 2487-496.doi:10.1139/X08-096.
    • (2008) Can. J. For. Res , vol.38 , Issue.9 , pp. 2487-496
    • Kranabetter, J.M.1    Simard, S.W.2
  • 29
    • 33748554497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The contrasting response to soil disturbance between lodgepole pine and hybrid white spruce in subboreal forests
    • doi:10.2136/sssaj2006.0081
    • Kranabetter, J.M., Sanborn, P., Chapman, B.K., and Dube, S. 2006. The contrasting response to soil disturbance between lodgepole pine and hybrid white spruce in subboreal forests. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 70(5): 1591-1599. doi:10.2136/sssaj2006.0081.
    • (2006) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J , vol.70 , Issue.5 , pp. 1591-1599
    • Kranabetter, J.M.1    Sanborn, P.2    Chapman, B.K.3    Dube, S.4
  • 30
    • 34548572082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indices of dissolved organic nitrogen, ammonium, and nitrate across productivity gradients of boreal forests
    • doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.06.026
    • Kranabetter, J.M., Dawson, C.R., and Dunn, D.E. 2007. Indices of dissolved organic nitrogen, ammonium, and nitrate across productivity gradients of boreal forests. Soil Biol. Biochem. 39(12): 3147-3158. doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.06.026.
    • (2007) Soil Biol. Biochem , vol.39 , Issue.12 , pp. 3147-3158
    • Kranabetter, J.M.1    Dawson, C.R.2    Dunn, D.E.3
  • 31
    • 59449102628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diversity and species distribution of ectomycorrhizal fungi along productivity gradients of a southern boreal forest
    • doi:10.1007/s00572-008-0208-z. PMID:18941804
    • Kranabetter, J.M., Durall, D.M., and MacKenzie, W.H. 2009. Diversity and species distribution of ectomycorrhizal fungi along productivity gradients of a southern boreal forest. Mycorrhiza, 19(2): 99-111. doi:10.1007/s00572-008-0208-z. PMID:18941804.
    • (2009) Mycorrhiza , vol.19 , Issue.2 , pp. 99-111
    • Kranabetter, J.M.1    Durall, D.M.2    Mackenzie, W.H.3
  • 32
    • 0027085109 scopus 로고
    • Co-occurring tree species change rank in seedling performance with resources varied experimentally
    • doi:10.2307/1941461
    • Latham, R.E. 1992. Co-occurring tree species change rank in seedling performance with resources varied experimentally. Ecology, 73(6): 2129-2144. doi:10.2307/1941461
    • (1992) Ecology , vol.73 , Issue.6 , pp. 2129-2144
    • Latham, R.E.1
  • 33
    • 0028163385 scopus 로고
    • Growth of understory Picea glauca, Calamagrostis canadensis, and Epilobium angustifolium in relation to overstory light transmission
    • doi:10.1139/x94-157
    • Lieffers, V.J., and Stadt, K.J. 1994. Growth of understory Picea glauca, Calamagrostis canadensis, and Epilobium angustifolium in relation to overstory light transmission. Can. J. For. Res. 24(6): 1193-1198. doi:10.1139/x94-157.
    • (1994) Can. J. For. Res , vol.24 , Issue.6 , pp. 1193-1198
    • Lieffers, V.J.1    Stadt, K.J.2
  • 34
    • 11144292193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leaf area and growth of juvenile temperate evergreens in low light: Species of contrasting shade tolerance change rank during ontogeny
    • doi:10.1111/j.0269-8463.2004.00897.x
    • Lusk, C.H. 2004. Leaf area and growth of juvenile temperate evergreens in low light: species of contrasting shade tolerance change rank during ontogeny. Funct. Ecol. 18(6): 820-828. doi:10.1111/j.0269-8463.2004.00897.x.
    • (2004) Funct. Ecol , vol.18 , Issue.6 , pp. 820-828
    • Lusk, C.H.1
  • 35
    • 0034511794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Juvenile tree growth rates and species sorting on fine-scale soil fertility gradients in a Chilean temperate rain forest
    • doi:10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00449
    • Lusk, C.H., and Matus, F. 2000. Juvenile tree growth rates and species sorting on fine-scale soil fertility gradients in a Chilean temperate rain forest. J. Biogeogr. 27(4): 1011-1020. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00449.x.
    • (2000) J. Biogeogr , vol.27 , Issue.4 , pp. 1011-1020
    • Lusk, C.H.1    Matus, F.2
  • 36
    • 0042200235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Below-ground resources limit seedling growth in forest understories but do not alter biomass distribution
    • doi:10.1051/forest:2003023
    • Machado, J.-L., Walters, M.B., and Reich, P.B. 2003. Below-ground resources limit seedling growth in forest understories but do not alter biomass distribution. Ann. For. Sci. 60(4): 319-330. doi:10.1051/forest:2003023.
    • (2003) Ann. For. Sci , vol.60 , Issue.4 , pp. 319-330
    • Machado, J.-L.1    Walters, M.B.2    Reich, P.B.3
  • 37
    • 0033407451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomass allocation in plants: Ontogeny or optimality? A test along three resource gradients
    • doi:10.1890/0012-9658(1999)080[2581:BAIPOO]2.0.CO;2
    • McConnaughay, K.D.M., and Coleman, J.S. 1999. Biomass allocation in plants: ontogeny or optimality? A test along three resource gradients. Ecology, 80(8): 2581-2593. doi:10.1890/0012-9658(1999)080[2581:BAIPOO]2.0.CO;2.
    • (1999) Ecology , vol.80 , Issue.8 , pp. 2581-2593
    • McConnaughay, K.D.M.1    Coleman, J.S.2
  • 38
    • 0002909488 scopus 로고
    • Sub-boreal Spruce Zone
    • Edited by D. Meidinger and J. Pojar. BC Ministry of Forests Spec. Rep. Ser, accessed 25 January 2011
    • Meidinger, D., Pojar, J., and Harper, W.L. 1991. Sub-boreal spruce zone. In Ecosystems of British Columbia. Edited by D. Meidinger and J. Pojar. BC Ministry of Forests Spec. Rep. Ser. 6. pp. 209-221. Available from http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/docs/srs/srs06.htm [accessed 25 January 2011].
    • (1991) Ecosystems of British Columbia , vol.6 , pp. 209-221
    • Meidinger, D.1    Pojar, J.2    Harper, W.L.3
  • 39
    • 0031741093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of overstory and understory vegetation on the understory light environment in mixed boreal forests
    • doi:10.2307/3237266
    • Messier, C., Parent, S., and Bergeron, Y. 1998. Effects of overstory and understory vegetation on the understory light environment in mixed boreal forests. J. Veg. Sci. 9(4): 511-520. doi:10.2307/3237266.
    • (1998) J. Veg. Sci , vol.9 , Issue.4 , pp. 511-520
    • Messier, C.1    Parent, S.2    Bergeron, Y.3
  • 40
    • 0032790547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional ecology of advance regeneration in relation to light in boreal forests
    • doi:10.1139/x99-070
    • Messier, C., Doucet, R., Ruel, J.-C., Claveau, Y., Kelly, C., and Lechowicz, M.J. 1999. Functional ecology of advance regeneration in relation to light in boreal forests. Can. J. For. Res. 29(6): 812-823. doi:10.1139/x99-070.
    • (1999) Can. J. For. Res , vol.29 , Issue.6 , pp. 812-823
    • Messier, C.1    Doucet, R.2    Ruel, J.-C.3    Claveau, Y.4    Kelly, C.5    Lechowicz, M.J.6
  • 41
    • 0029659611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of black spruce versus eastern larch along peatland gradients: Relationship to relative stature, growth rate, and shade tolerance
    • doi:10.1139/b96-182
    • Montague, T.G., and Givnish, T.J. 1996. Distribution of black spruce versus eastern larch along peatland gradients: relationship to relative stature, growth rate, and shade tolerance. Can. J. Bot. 74(9): 1514-1532. doi:10.1139/b96-182.
    • (1996) Can. J. Bot , vol.74 , Issue.9 , pp. 1514-1532
    • Montague, T.G.1    Givnish, T.J.2
  • 42
    • 38849162261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Height development of shade-tolerant conifer saplings in multiaged Acadian forest stands
    • doi:10.1139/X07-110
    • Moores, A.R., Seymour, R.S., and Kenefic, L.S. 2007. Height development of shade-tolerant conifer saplings in multiaged Acadian forest stands. Can. J. For. Res. 37(12): 2715-2723.doi:10.1139/X07-110.
    • (2007) Can. J. For. Res , vol.37 , Issue.12 , pp. 2715-2723
    • Moores, A.R.1    Seymour, R.S.2    Kenefic, L.S.3
  • 44
    • 33645055646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The controversy over traits conferring shadetolerance in trees: Ontogenetic changes revisited
    • doi:10.1111/j.1365-2745.2006.01093.x
    • Niinemets, U. 2006. The controversy over traits conferring shadetolerance in trees: ontogenetic changes revisited. J. Ecol. 94(2): 464-470. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2745.2006.01093.x.
    • (2006) J. Ecol , vol.94 , Issue.2 , pp. 464-470
    • Niinemets, U.1
  • 45
    • 0028166083 scopus 로고
    • Sapling growth as a function of resources in a north temperate forest
    • doi:10.1139/x94-280
    • Pacala, S.W., Canham, C.D., Silander, J.A., Jr., and Kobe, R.K. 1994. Sapling growth as a function of resources in a north temperate forest. Can. J. For. Res. 24(11): 2172-2183. doi:10.1139/x94-280.
    • (1994) Can. J. For. Res , vol.24 , Issue.11 , pp. 2172-2183
    • Pacala, S.W.1    Canham, C.D.2    Silander Jr., J.A.3    Kobe, R.K.4
  • 46
    • 0032777592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth responses of 15 rain-forest tree species to a light gradient: The relative importance of morphological and physiological traits
    • doi:10.1046/j.1365-2435.1999.00332.x
    • Poorter, L. 1999. Growth responses of 15 rain-forest tree species to a light gradient: the relative importance of morphological and physiological traits. Funct. Ecol. 13(3): 396-410. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2435.1999.00332.x.
    • (1999) Funct. Ecol , vol.13 , Issue.3 , pp. 396-410
    • Poorter, L.1
  • 47
    • 35748932852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • R Development Core Team, R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna
    • R Development Core Team. 2007. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna.
    • (2007) R: A Language and Environment For Statistical Computing
  • 48
    • 0028984782 scopus 로고
    • The importance of comparative growth rates in determining the canopy composition of Tasmanian rainforest
    • doi:10.1071/BT9950243
    • Read, J. 1995. The importance of comparative growth rates in determining the canopy composition of Tasmanian rainforest. Aust. J. Bot. 43(3): 243-271. doi:10.1071/BT9950243.
    • (1995) Aust. J. Bot , vol.43 , Issue.3 , pp. 243-271
    • Read, J.1
  • 49
    • 0024875455 scopus 로고
    • Sapwood volume for three subalpine conifers: Predictive equations and ecological implications
    • doi:10.1139/x89-214
    • Ryan, M.G. 1989. Sapwood volume for three subalpine conifers: predictive equations and ecological implications. Can. J. For. Res. 19(11): 1397-1401. doi:10.1139/x89-214.
    • (1989) Can. J. For. Res , vol.19 , Issue.11 , pp. 1397-1401
    • Ryan, M.G.1
  • 50
    • 0025243140 scopus 로고
    • Constraints and tradeoffs: Toward a predictive theory of competition and succession
    • doi:10.2307/3565355
    • Tilman, D. 1990. Constraints and tradeoffs: toward a predictive theory of competition and succession. Oikos, 58(1): 3-15. doi:10.2307/3565355.
    • (1990) Oikos , vol.58 , Issue.1 , pp. 3-15
    • Tilman, D.1
  • 51
    • 0031741303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Species variability in growth response to light across climatic regions in northwestern British Columbia
    • doi:10.1139/x98-055
    • Wright, E.F., Coates, K.D., Canham, C.D., and Bartemucci, P. 1998. Species variability in growth response to light across climatic regions in northwestern British Columbia. Can. J. For. Res. 28(6): 871-886. doi:10.1139/x98-055.
    • (1998) Can. J. For. Res , vol.28 , Issue.6 , pp. 871-886
    • Wright, E.F.1    Coates, K.D.2    Canham, C.D.3    Bartemucci, P.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.