메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 24, Issue 22, 2011, Pages 5740-5756

Vegetation feedbacks to climate in the global monsoon regions

Author keywords

Coupled models; Feedback; Land surface; Moisture moisture budget; Monsoons; Temperature; Vegetation

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC MOISTURE; AUSTRALIA; CLIMATIC RESPONSE; COUPLED MODELS; FULLY-COUPLED; INITIAL VALUES; LAND SURFACE; LEAF AREA; LEAF AREA INDEX; MOISTURE FLUX CONVERGENCES; MONSOON SEASON; MONSOONS; PRECIPITABLE WATER; SENSIBLE HEAT; SURFACE AIR TEMPERATURES; TIME-SCALES; TROPICAL MONSOON; TURBULENT FLUX; VEGETATION COVER; VEGETATION FEEDBACKS; VERTICAL MOTIONS;

EID: 83755183446     PISSN: 08948755     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/2011JCLI4237.1     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (31)

References (62)
  • 1
    • 0034626733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Offset of the potential carbon sink from boreal forestation by decreases in surface albedo
    • Betts, R. A., 2000: Offset of the potential carbon sink from boreal forestation by decreases in surface albedo. Nature, 408, 187-190.
    • (2000) Nature , vol.408 , pp. 187-190
    • Betts, R.A.1
  • 2
    • 0030778342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of land use on the climate of the United States
    • Bonan, G. B., 1997: Effects of land use on the climate of the United States. Climatic Change, 37, 449-486.
    • (1997) Climatic Change , vol.37 , pp. 449-486
    • Bonan, G.B.1
  • 3
    • 0037797459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A dynamic global vegetation model for use with climate models: Concepts and description of simulated vegetation dynamics
    • Bonan, G. B., S. Levis, S. Sitch, M. Vertenstein, and K. W. Oleson, 2003: A dynamic global vegetation model for use with climate models: Concepts and description of simulated vegetation dynamics. Global Change Biol., 9, 1543-1566.
    • (2003) Global Change Biol. , vol.9 , pp. 1543-1566
    • Bonan, G.B.1    Levis, S.2    Sitch, S.3    Vertenstein, M.4    Oleson, K.W.5
  • 4
    • 0033377066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synergistic feedbacks from ocean and vegetation on the African monsoon response to mid-Holocene insolation
    • Braconnot, P., S. Joussaume, O. Marti, and N. de Noblet, 1999: Synergistic feedbacks from ocean and vegetation on the African monsoon response to mid-Holocene insolation. Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 2481-2484.
    • (1999) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.26 , pp. 2481-2484
    • Braconnot, P.1    Joussaume, S.2    Marti, O.3    de Noblet, N.4
  • 5
    • 33744490657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Community Climate System Model Version 3 (CCSM3)
    • Collins, W. D., and Coauthors, 2006: The Community Climate System Model Version 3 (CCSM3). J. Climate, 19, 2122-2143.
    • (2006) J. Climate , vol.19 , pp. 2122-2143
    • Collins, W.D.1
  • 6
    • 84986764200 scopus 로고
    • The distribution of vascular plant species and guilds in space and time along a desert gradient
    • Cornelius, J. M., P. R. Kemp, J. A. Ludwig, and G. L. Cunningham, 1991: The distribution of vascular plant species and guilds in space and time along a desert gradient. J. Veg. Sci., 2, 59-72.
    • (1991) J. Veg. Sci. , vol.2 , pp. 59-72
    • Cornelius, J.M.1    Kemp, P.R.2    Ludwig, J.A.3    Cunningham, G.L.4
  • 7
    • 0034031566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 concentrations on the climate of Amazonia
    • 2 concentrations on the climate of Amazonia. J. Climate, 13, 18-34.
    • (2000) J. Climate , vol.13 , pp. 18-34
    • Costa, M.H.C.1    Foley, J.A.2
  • 9
    • 33645306312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tropical Pacific and Atlantic climate variability in CCSM3
    • Deser, C., A. Capotondi, R. Saravanan, and A. S. Phillips, 2006: Tropical Pacific and Atlantic climate variability in CCSM3. J. Climate, 19, 2451-2481.
    • (2006) J. Climate , vol.19 , pp. 2451-2481
    • Deser, C.1    Capotondi, A.2    Saravanan, R.3    Phillips, A.S.4
  • 10
    • 0024196070 scopus 로고
    • Modeling tropical deforestation: A study of GCM land surface parameterization
    • Dickinson, R. E., and A. Henderson-Sellers, 1988: Modeling tropical deforestation: A study of GCM land surface parameterization. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 114, 439-462.
    • (1988) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.114 , pp. 439-462
    • Dickinson, R.E.1    Henderson-Sellers, A.2
  • 12
    • 0027846211 scopus 로고
    • On the response of the tropical atmosphere to large-scale deforestation
    • Eltahir, E. A. B., and R. L. Bras, 1993: On the response of the tropical atmosphere to large-scale deforestation. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 119, 779-793.
    • (1993) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.119 , pp. 779-793
    • Eltahir, E.A.B.1    Bras, R.L.2
  • 14
    • 77951880275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improvements in a half degree atmosphere/land version of the CCSM
    • doi:10.1007/s00382-009-0614-8
    • Gent, P. R., S. G. Yeager, R. B. Neale, S. Levis, and D. A. Bailey, 2010: Improvements in a half degree atmosphere/land version of the CCSM. Climate Dyn., 34, 819-833, doi:10.1007/s00382-009-0614-8.
    • (2010) Climate Dyn. , vol.34 , pp. 819-833
    • Gent, P.R.1    Yeager, S.G.2    Neale, R.B.3    Levis, S.4    Bailey, D.A.5
  • 16
  • 17
    • 0028193574 scopus 로고
    • Parameterization of moist convection in the National Center for Atmospheric Research community climate model (CCM2)
    • Hack, J. J., 1994: Parameterization of moist convection in the National Center for Atmospheric Research community climate model (CCM2). J. Geophys. Res., 99, 5551-5568.
    • (1994) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.99 , pp. 5551-5568
    • Hack, J.J.1
  • 18
    • 33645239547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulation of the global hydrological cycle in the CCSM Community Atmosphere Model Version 3 (CAM3): Mean features
    • Hack, J. J.,J. M. Caron, S. G. Yeager, K. W. Oleson, M. M. Holland, J. E. Truesdale, and P. J. Rasch, 2006: Simulation of the global hydrological cycle in the CCSM Community Atmosphere Model Version 3 (CAM3): Mean features. J. Climate, 19, 2199-2221.
    • (2006) J. Climate , vol.19 , pp. 2199-2221
    • Hack, J.J.1    Caron, J.M.2    Yeager, S.G.3    Oleson, K.W.4    Holland, M.M.5    Truesdale, J.E.6    Rasch, P.J.7
  • 19
    • 0031211560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RCCM2-BATS model over tropical South America: Applications to tropical deforestation
    • Hahmann, A. N., and R. E. Dickinson, 1997: RCCM2-BATS model over tropical South America: Applications to tropical deforestation. J. Climate, 10, 1944-1964.
    • (1997) J. Climate , vol.10 , pp. 1944-1964
    • Hahmann, A.N.1    Dickinson, R.E.2
  • 20
    • 2042522710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity of tropical land climate to leaf area index: Role of surface conductance versus albedo
    • Hales, K., J. D. Neelin, and N. Zeng, 2004: Sensitivity of tropical land climate to leaf area index: Role of surface conductance versus albedo. J. Climate, 17, 1459-1473.
    • (2004) J. Climate , vol.17 , pp. 1459-1473
    • Hales, K.1    Neelin, J.D.2    Zeng, N.3
  • 21
    • 0034099671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vegetation-climate feedbacks in the conversion of tropical savanna to grassland
    • Hoffmann, W. A., and R. B. Jackson, 2000: Vegetation-climate feedbacks in the conversion of tropical savanna to grassland. J. Climate, 13, 1593-1602.
    • (2000) J. Climate , vol.13 , pp. 1593-1602
    • Hoffmann, W.A.1    Jackson, R.B.2
  • 22
    • 0029768948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The NCEP/NCAR 40-Year Reanalysis Project
    • Kalnay, E., and Coauthors, 1996: The NCEP/NCAR 40-Year Reanalysis Project. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 77, 437-471.
    • (1996) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.77 , pp. 437-471
    • Kalnay, E.1
  • 23
    • 52049118118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the climate impact of surface roughness anomalies
    • Kirk-Davidoff, D., and D. Keith, 2008: On the climate impact of surface roughness anomalies. J. Atmos. Sci., 65, 2215-2234.
    • (2008) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.65 , pp. 2215-2234
    • Kirk-Davidoff, D.1    Keith, D.2
  • 24
    • 0030302691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vegetation and soil feedbacks on the response of the African monsoon to orbital forcing in the early to middle Holocene
    • Kutzbach, J. E., G. Bonan, J. Foley, and S. P. Harrison, 1996: Vegetation and soil feedbacks on the response of the African monsoon to orbital forcing in the early to middle Holocene. Nature, 384, 623-626.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.384 , pp. 623-626
    • Kutzbach, J.E.1    Bonan, G.2    Foley, J.3    Harrison, S.P.4
  • 26
    • 34548115203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The partitioning of evapotranspiration into transpiration, soil evaporation, and canopy evaporation in a GCM: Impacts on land-atmosphere interaction
    • Lawrence, D. M., P. E. Thornton, K. W. Oleson, and G. B. Bonan, 2007: The partitioning of evapotranspiration into transpiration, soil evaporation, and canopy evaporation in a GCM: Impacts on land-atmosphere interaction. J. Hydrometeor., 8, 862-880.
    • (2007) J. Hydrometeor. , vol.8 , pp. 862-880
    • Lawrence, D.M.1    Thornton, P.E.2    Oleson, K.W.3    Bonan, G.B.4
  • 27
    • 77958569959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigating the climate impacts of global land cover change in the community climate system model
    • Lawrence, P. J., and T. N. Chase, 2010: Investigating the climate impacts of global land cover change in the community climate system model. Int. J. Climatol., 30, 2066-2087.
    • (2010) Int. J. Climatol. , vol.30 , pp. 2066-2087
    • Lawrence, P.J.1    Chase, T.N.2
  • 28
    • 0027846212 scopus 로고
    • A GCM simulation of the impact of Amazonian deforestation on climate using an improved canopy representation
    • Lean, J., and P. R. Rowntree, 1993: A GCM simulation of the impact of Amazonian deforestation on climate using an improved canopy representation. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 119, 509-530.
    • (1993) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.119 , pp. 509-530
    • Lean, J.1    Rowntree, P.R.2
  • 29
    • 0000702028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding the sensitivity of a GCM simulation of Amazonian deforestation in the specification of vegetation and soil characteristics
    • Lean, J., and P. R. Rowntree, 1997: Understanding the sensitivity of a GCM simulation of Amazonian deforestation in the specification of vegetation and soil characteristics. J. Climate, 10, 1216-1235.
    • (1997) J. Climate , vol.10 , pp. 1216-1235
    • Lean, J.1    Rowntree, P.R.2
  • 30
    • 12744253965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soil feedback drives the mid-Holocene North African monsoon northward in fully coupled CCSM2 simulations with a dynamic vegetation model
    • doi:10.1007/s00382-004-0477-y
    • Levis, S., G. B. Bonan, and C. Bonfils, 2004: Soil feedback drives the mid-Holocene North African monsoon northward in fully coupled CCSM2 simulations with a dynamic vegetation model. Climate Dyn., 23, 791-802, doi:10.1007/s00382-004-0477-y.
    • (2004) Climate Dyn. , vol.23 , pp. 791-802
    • Levis, S.1    Bonan, G.B.2    Bonfils, C.3
  • 31
    • 2442585001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A "vertically Lagrangian" finite-volume dynamical core for global models
    • Lin, S.-J., 2004:A "vertically Lagrangian" finite-volume dynamical core for global models. Mon. Wea. Rev., 132, 2293-2307.
    • (2004) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.132 , pp. 2293-2307
    • Lin, S.-J.1
  • 32
    • 77953668436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indirect vegetation-soil moisture feedback with application to Holocene North Africa climate
    • Liu, Z., M. Notaro, and R. Gallimore, 2010: Indirect vegetation-soil moisture feedback with application to Holocene North Africa climate. Global Change Biol., 16, 1733-1743.
    • (2010) Global Change Biol. , vol.16 , pp. 1733-1743
    • Liu, Z.1    Notaro, M.2    Gallimore, R.3
  • 33
    • 14644418527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climatic impact of vegetation change in the Asian tropical region. Part I: Case of the Northern Hemisphere summer
    • Mabuchi, K., Y. Sato, and H. Kida, 2005: Climatic impact of vegetation change in the Asian tropical region. Part I: Case of the Northern Hemisphere summer. J. Climate, 18, 410-428.
    • (2005) J. Climate , vol.18 , pp. 410-428
    • Mabuchi, K.1    Sato, Y.2    Kida, H.3
  • 34
    • 13844264503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of satellitederived vegetation cover variability on simulated land- atmosphere interactions in the NAMS
    • Matsui, T.,V. Lakshmi, and E. E. Small, 2005: The effects of satellitederived vegetation cover variability on simulated land- atmosphere interactions in the NAMS. J. Climate, 18, 21-40.
    • (2005) J. Climate , vol.18 , pp. 21-40
    • Matsui, T.1    Lakshmi, V.2    Small, E.E.3
  • 35
    • 34547113768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of vegetation-atmosphere interactions and their influences on mesoscale phenomena
    • McPherson, R. A., 2007: A review of vegetation-atmosphere interactions and their influences on mesoscale phenomena. Prog. Phys. Geogr., 31, 261-285.
    • (2007) Prog. Phys. Geogr. , vol.31 , pp. 261-285
    • McPherson, R.A.1
  • 37
    • 12944334999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity of the Australian monsoon to insolation and vegetation: Implications for human impact on continental moisture balance
    • Miller, G., J. Mangan, D. Pollard, S. Thompson, B. Felzer, and J. Magee, 2005: Sensitivity of the Australian monsoon to insolation and vegetation: Implications for human impact on continental moisture balance. Geology, 33, 65-68.
    • (2005) Geology , vol.33 , pp. 65-68
    • Miller, G.1    Mangan, J.2    Pollard, D.3    Thompson, S.4    Felzer, B.5    Magee, J.6
  • 38
    • 56649113912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of convection on ENSO: From a delayed oscillator to a series of events
    • Neale, R. B., J. H. Richter, and M. Jochum, 2008: The impact of convection on ENSO: From a delayed oscillator to a series of events. J. Climate, 21, 5904-5924.
    • (2008) J. Climate , vol.21 , pp. 5904-5924
    • Neale, R.B.1    Richter, J.H.2    Jochum, M.3
  • 39
    • 27744485893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Land-use change and water losses: The case of grassland afforestation across a soil textural gradient in central Argentina
    • Nosetto, M. D., E. G. Jobbágy, and J. M. Paruelo, 2005: Land-use change and water losses: The case of grassland afforestation across a soil textural gradient in central Argentina. Global Change Biol., 11, 1101-1117.
    • (2005) Global Change Biol. , vol.11 , pp. 1101-1117
    • Nosetto, M.D.1    Jobbágy, E.G.2    Paruelo, J.M.3
  • 40
    • 52549132944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Joint statistical and dynamical assessment of simulated vegetation feedbacks on climate over the boreal forests
    • Notaro, M., and Z. Liu, 2008: Joint statistical and dynamical assessment of simulated vegetation feedbacks on climate over the boreal forests. Climate Dyn., 31, 691-712.
    • (2008) Climate Dyn. , vol.31 , pp. 691-712
    • Notaro, M.1    Liu, Z.2
  • 41
    • 84856255880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulated impact of vegetation on climate across the North American monsoon region in CCSM3.5
    • doi:10.1007/s00382-010-0990-0, in press
    • Notaro, M., and D. Gutzler, 2011: Simulated impact of vegetation on climate across the North American monsoon region in CCSM3.5. Climate Dyn., doi:10.1007/s00382-010-0990-0, in press.
    • (2011) Climate Dyn.
    • Notaro, M.1    Gutzler, D.2
  • 42
    • 41549135896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined statistical and dynamical assessment of simulated vegetation- rainfall interactions in North Africa during the mid-Holocene
    • Notaro, M., Y. Wang, Z. Liu, R. Gallimore, and S. Levis, 2008: Combined statistical and dynamical assessment of simulated vegetation- rainfall interactions in North Africa during the mid-Holocene. Global Change Biol., 14, 347-368.
    • (2008) Global Change Biol. , vol.14 , pp. 347-368
    • Notaro, M.1    Wang, Y.2    Liu, Z.3    Gallimore, R.4    Levis, S.5
  • 43
    • 49849084949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improvements to the Community Land Model and their impact on the hydrological cycle
    • doi:10.1029/2007JG000563
    • Oleson, K. W., and Coauthors, 2008: Improvements to the Community Land Model and their impact on the hydrological cycle. J. Geophys. Res., 113, G01021, doi:10.1029/2007JG000563.
    • (2008) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.113
    • Oleson, K.W.1
  • 44
    • 4544263785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of vegetation on the local climate and hydrology in the tropics: Sensitivity to soil parameters
    • Osborne, T. M., D. M. Lawrence, J. M. Slingo, A. J. Challinor, and T. R. Wheeler, 2004: Influence of vegetation on the local climate and hydrology in the tropics: Sensitivity to soil parameters. Climate Dyn., 23, 45-61.
    • (2004) Climate Dyn. , vol.23 , pp. 45-61
    • Osborne, T.M.1    Lawrence, D.M.2    Slingo, J.M.3    Challinor, A.J.4    Wheeler, T.R.5
  • 45
    • 4444257338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climatic consequences of a large-scale desertification in northeast Brazil: A GCM simulation study
    • Oyama, M. D., and C. A. Nobre, 2004: Climatic consequences of a large-scale desertification in northeast Brazil: A GCM simulation study. J. Climate, 17, 3203-3213.
    • (2004) J. Climate , vol.17 , pp. 3203-3213
    • Oyama, M.D.1    Nobre, C.A.2
  • 47
    • 0028553294 scopus 로고
    • A statistical study of regional impact of deforestation on climate of the LMD-GCM
    • Polcher, J., and K. Laval, 1994: A statistical study of regional impact of deforestation on climate of the LMD-GCM. Climate Dyn., 10, 205-219.
    • (1994) Climate Dyn. , vol.10 , pp. 205-219
    • Polcher, J.1    Laval, K.2
  • 48
    • 0032456576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterizing patterns of global land use: An analysis of global croplands data
    • Ramankutty, N., and J. A. Foley, 1998: Characterizing patterns of global land use: An analysis of global croplands data. Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 12, 667-686.
    • (1998) Global Biogeochem. Cycles , vol.12 , pp. 667-686
    • Ramankutty, N.1    Foley, J.A.2
  • 49
    • 0022923581 scopus 로고
    • A stochastic model for nonprecipitating cumulus clouds
    • Raymond, D. J., and A. M. Blythe, 1986: A stochastic model for nonprecipitating cumulus clouds. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 2708-2718.
    • (1986) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.43 , pp. 2708-2718
    • Raymond, D.J.1    Blythe, A.M.2
  • 50
    • 0034492285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of long-term rainfall variability on evapotranspiration and soil water distribution in the Chihuahuan Desert: A modeling analysis
    • Reynolds, J. F., P. R. Kemp, and J. D. Tenhunen, 2000: Effects of long-term rainfall variability on evapotranspiration and soil water distribution in the Chihuahuan Desert: A modeling analysis. Plant Ecol., 150, 145-159.
    • (2000) Plant Ecol. , vol.150 , pp. 145-159
    • Reynolds, J.F.1    Kemp, P.R.2    Tenhunen, J.D.3
  • 51
    • 44449134118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of convective momentum transport on the atmospheric circulation in the Community Atmosphere Model, Version 3
    • Richter, J. H., and P. J. Rasch, 2008: Effects of convective momentum transport on the atmospheric circulation in the Community Atmosphere Model, Version 3. J. Climate, 21, 1487-1499.
    • (2008) J. Climate , vol.21 , pp. 1487-1499
    • Richter, J.H.1    Rasch, P.J.2
  • 52
    • 0037293704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of ecosystem dynamics, plant geography and terrestrial carbon cycling in the LPJ dynamic global vegetation model
    • Sitch, S., and Coauthors, 2003: Evaluation of ecosystem dynamics, plant geography and terrestrial carbon cycling in the LPJ dynamic global vegetation model. Global Change Biol., 9, 161-185.
    • (2003) Global Change Biol. , vol.9 , pp. 161-185
    • Sitch, S.1
  • 53
    • 5044238262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating the influence of different vegetation biomes on the global climate
    • doi:10.1007/s00382-004-0430-0
    • Snyder, P. K., C. Delire, and J. A. Foley, 2004: Evaluating the influence of different vegetation biomes on the global climate. Climate Dyn., 23, 279-302, doi:10.1007/s00382-004-0430-0.
    • (2004) Climate Dyn. , vol.23 , pp. 279-302
    • Snyder, P.K.1    Delire, C.2    Foley, J.A.3
  • 56
    • 84864510706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detecting vegetation-precipitation feedbacks in mid-Holocene North Africa from two climate models
    • Wang, Y., M. Notaro, Z. Liu, R. Gallimore, S. Levis, and J. E. Kutzbach, 2007: Detecting vegetation-precipitation feedbacks in mid-Holocene North Africa from two climate models. Climate Past, 3, 961-975.
    • (2007) Climate Past , vol.3 , pp. 961-975
    • Wang, Y.1    Notaro, M.2    Liu, Z.3    Gallimore, R.4    Levis, S.5    Kutzbach, J.E.6
  • 58
    • 0030482032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analyses of global monthly precipitation using gauge observations, satellite estimates, and numerical model predictions
    • Xie, P., and P. A. Arkin, 1996: Analyses of global monthly precipitation using gauge observations, satellite estimates, and numerical model predictions. J. Climate, 9, 840-858.
    • (1996) J. Climate , vol.9 , pp. 840-858
    • Xie, P.1    Arkin, P.A.2
  • 59
    • 0030456149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climatic impact of Amazon deforestation-A mechanistic model study
    • Zeng, N., R. E. Dickinson, and X. Zeng, 1996: Climatic impact of Amazon deforestation-A mechanistic model study. J. Climate, 9, 859-883.
    • (1996) J. Climate , vol.9 , pp. 859-883
    • Zeng, N.1    Dickinson, R.E.2    Zeng, X.3
  • 60
    • 39549095502 scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity of climate simulations to the parameterization of cumulus convection in the Canadian Climate Centre general circulation model
    • Zhang, G. J., and N. A. McFarlane, 1995: Sensitivity of climate simulations to the parameterization of cumulus convection in the Canadian Climate Centre general circulation model. Atmos.-Ocean, 33, 407-446.
    • (1995) Atmos.-Ocean , vol.33 , pp. 407-446
    • Zhang, G.J.1    McFarlane, N.A.2
  • 61
    • 0031923149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A soil moisture-rainfall feedback mechanism. 2. Numerical experiments
    • Zheng, X. Y., and E. A. B. Eltahir, 1998: A soil moisture-rainfall feedback mechanism. 2. Numerical experiments. Water Resour. Res., 34, 777-785.
    • (1998) Water Resour. Res. , vol.34 , pp. 777-785
    • Zheng, X.Y.1    Eltahir, E.A.B.2
  • 62
    • 36749063948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of vegetation removal and soil aridation on diurnal temperature range in a semiarid region: Application to the Sahel
    • Zhou, L., R. E. Dickinson, Y. Tian, R. S. Vose, and Y. Dai, 2007: Impact of vegetation removal and soil aridation on diurnal temperature range in a semiarid region: Application to the Sahel. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 104, 17 937-17 942.
    • (2007) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.104 , pp. 17937-17942
    • Zhou, L.1    Dickinson, R.E.2    Tian, Y.3    Vose, R.S.4    Dai, Y.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.