Efficacy of exposure versus cognitive therapy in anxiety disorders: Systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Psychiatry

Volumn 11, Issue , 2011, Pages

  Ougrin, Dennis ^a  

^a KING'S COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AGORAPHOBIA; ANXIETY DISORDER; ARTICLE; COGNITIVE THERAPY; EXPOSURE THERAPY; GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER; HUMAN; HYPOCHONDRIASIS; INTERMETHOD COMPARISON; LONG TERM CARE; META ANALYSIS; OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PANIC; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER; PSYCHOTHERAPY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); SOCIAL PHOBIA; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; BEHAVIOR THERAPY; COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS; METHODOLOGY; REVIEW; RISK;

ANXIETY DISORDERS; BEHAVIOR THERAPY; COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS RESEARCH; HUMANS; IMPLOSIVE THERAPY; ODDS RATIO; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS AS TOPIC;

EID: 83655183221     PISSN: None     EISSN: 1471244X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1471-244X-11-200     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Butler AC, Chapman JE, Forman EM, Beck AT. The empirical status of cognitive-behavioral therapy: a review of meta-analyses. Clin Psychol Rev 2006, 26(1):17-31. 10.1016/j.cpr.2005.07.003, 16199119.
2. Longmore RJ, Worrell M, Longmore RJ, Worrell M. Do we need to challenge thoughts in cognitive behavior therapy?[see comment]. Clinical Psychology Review 2007, 27(2):173-187. 10.1016/j.cpr.2006.08.001, 17157970.
3. Hofmann SG. Common misconceptions about cognitive mediation of treatment change: A commentary to. Clinical Psychology Review 2008, 28(1):67-70. 10.1016/j.cpr.2007.03.003, 17481790.
4. Dobson KS, Khatri N. Cognitive therapy: Looking backward, looking forward. Journal of Clinical Psychology 2000, 56(7):907-923. 10.1002/1097-4679(200007)56:7<907::AID-JCLP9>3.0.CO;2-I, 10902950.
5. Wolpe J. Psychotherapy by reciprocal inhibition. Conditional Reflex 1968, 3(4):234-240.
6. Marks I. Cure and care of neurosis. I. Cure. Psychological Medicine 1979, 9(4):629-643. 10.1017/S0033291700033961, 42098.
7. Clark DM. Perceived limitations of standard cognitive therapy: A consideration of efforts to revise Beck's theory and therapy. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy 1995, 9(3):153-172.
8. Acarturk C, Cuijpers P, van Straten A, de Graaf R. Psychological treatment of social anxiety disorder: a meta-analysis. Psychological Medicine 2009, 39(2):241-254. 10.1017/S0033291708003590, 18507874.
9. Bisson J, Andrew M. Psychological treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005, (2):CD003388.
10. Rosa-Alcázar AI, Sánchez-Meca J, Gómez-Conesa A, Marín-Martínez F. Psychological treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: A meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review 2008, 28(8):1310-1325. 10.1016/j.cpr.2008.07.001, 18701199.
11. Sánchez-Meca J, Rosa-Alcázar AI, Marín-Martínez F, Gómez-Conesa A. Psychological treatment of panic disorder with or without agoraphobia: A meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review 30(1):37-50.
12. Higgins JPT, Green S, . Eds Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions 2008, Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, Eds.
13. de Haan E, van Oppen P, van Balkom AJ, Spinhoven P, Hoogduin KA, Van Dyck R. Prediction of outcome and early vs. late improvement in OCD patients treated with cognitive behaviour therapy and pharmacotherapy. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 1997, 96(5):354-361. 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1997.tb09929.x, 9395153.
14. van Balkom AJ, de Haan E, van Oppen P, Spinhoven P, Hoogduin KA, van Dyck R. Cognitive and behavioral therapies alone versus in combination with fluvoxamine in the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder. Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease 1998, 186(8):492-499. 10.1097/00005053-199808000-00007, 22201100.
15. Whittal ML, Robichaud M, Thordarson DS, McLean PD. Group and individual treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder using cognitive therapy and exposure plus response prevention: A 2-year follow-up of two randomized trials. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 2008, 76(6):1003-1014.
16. Whittal ML, Thordarson DS, McLean PD. Treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: Cognitive behavior therapy vs. exposure and response prevention. Behaviour Research and Therapy 2005, 43(12):1559-1576. 10.1016/j.brat.2004.11.012, 15913543.
17. Cottraux J, Note I, Sai NY, Lafont S, Note B, Mollard E, Bouvard M, Sauteraud A, Bourgeois M, Dartigues JF. A randomized controlled trial of cognitive therapy versus intensive behavior therapy in obsessive compulsive disorder. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics 2001, 70(6):288-297. 10.1159/000056269, 11598428.
18. van Oppen P, de Haan E, van Balkom AJ, Spinhoven P, Hoogduin K, van Dyck R. Cognitive therapy and exposure in vivo in the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder. Behaviour Research & Therapy 1995, 33(4):379-390. 10.1016/0005-7967(94)00052-L, 22201090.
19. Goodman WK, Price LH, Rasmussen SA, Mazure C, Delgado P, Heninger GR, Charney DS. The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale. II. Validity. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1989, 46(11):1012-1016. 10.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810110054008, 2510699.
20. Goodman WK, Price LH, Rasmussen SA, Mazure C, Fleischmann RL, Hill CL, Heninger GR, Charney DS. The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale. I. Development, use, and reliability. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1989, 46(11):1006-1011. 10.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810110048007, 2684084.
21. Emmelkamp PM, Beens H. Cognitive therapy with obsessive-compulsive disorder: A comparative evaluation. Behaviour Research and Therapy 1991, 29(3):293-300. 10.1016/0005-7967(91)90120-R, 1679324.
22. Emmelkamp PM, Visser S, Hoekstra R. Cognitive therapy vs exposure in vivo in the treatment of obsessive-compulsives. Cognitive Therapy and Research 1988, 12(1):103-114.
23. Marks I, Lovell K, Noshirvani H, Livanou M, Thrasher S. Treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder by exposure and/or cognitive restructuring: A controlled study. Archives of General Psychiatry 1998, 55(4):317-325. 10.1001/archpsyc.55.4.317, 9554427.
24. Tarrier N, Pilgrim H, Sommerfield C, Faragher B, Reynolds M, Graham E, Barrowclough C. A randomized trial of cognitive therapy and imaginal exposure in the treatment of chronic posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology 1999, 67(1):13-18. 3249960, 22199101.
25. Foa EB, Dancu C, Hembree E, Jaycox L, Meadows E, Street G. A comparison of exposure therapy, stress inoculation training, and their combination for reducing posttraumatic stress disorder in female assault victims. Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology 1999, 67(2):194-200. 3249960, 22199101.
26. Foa EB, Rothbaum B, Riggs D, Murdock T. Treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder in rape victims: A comparison between cognitive-behavioral procedures and counseling. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1991, 59(5):715-723.
27. Resick PA, Galovski TE, Uhlmansiek MO, Scher CD, Clum GA, Young-Xu Y. A Randomized Clinical Trial to Dismantle Components of Cognitive Processing Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Female Victims of Interpersonal Violence. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 2008, 76(2):243-258. 2967760, 18377121.
28. Blake DD, Weathers FW, Nagy LM, Kaloupek DG, GF D, CD S, KT M. The development of a Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale. Journal of Traumatic Stress 1995, 8(1):75-90. 10.1002/jts.2490080106, 7712061.
29. Foa EB, Riggs DS, Dancu CV, Rothbaum BO. Reliability and validity of a brief instrument for assessing post-traumatic stress disorder. Journal of Traumatic Stress 1993, 6(4):459-473.
30. Arntz A. Cognitive therapy versus interoceptive exposure as treatment of panic disorder without agoraphobia. Behaviour Research & Therapy 2002, 40(3):325-341. 10.1016/S0005-7967(01)00014-6, 22201090.
31. Bouchard S, Gauthier J, Laberge B, French D, Pelletier MH, Godbout C. Exposure versus cognitive restructuring in the treatment of panic disorder with agoraphobia. Behaviour Research & Therapy 1996, 34(3):213-224. 10.1016/0005-7967(95)00077-1, 22201090.
32. Marchand A, Coutu M-F, Dupuis G, Fleet R, Borgeat F, Todorov C, Mainguy N. Treatment of panic disorder with agoraphobia: randomized placebo-controlled trial of four psychosocial treatments combined with imipramine or placebo. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy 2008, 37(3):146-159. 10.1080/16506070701743120, 18608313.
33. Salkovskis PM, Hackmann A, Wells A, Gelder MG, Clark DM, Salkovskis PM, Hackmann A, Wells A, Gelder MG, Clark DM. Belief disconfirmation versus habituation approaches to situational exposure in panic disorder with agoraphobia: a pilot study. Behaviour Research & Therapy 2007, 45(5):877-885. 10.1016/j.brat.2006.02.008, 22201090.
34. Williams SL, Falbo J. Cognitive and performance-based treatments for panic attacks in people with varying degrees of agoraphobic disability. Behaviour Research & Therapy 1996, 34(3):253-264. 10.1016/0005-7967(95)00063-1, 22201090.
35. Clark DM, Salkovskis PM, Hackmann A, Middleton H, Anastasiades P, Gelder M. A comparison of cognitive therapy, applied relaxation and imipramine in the treatment of panic disorder.[see comment]. British Journal of Psychiatry 1994, 164(6):759-769. 10.1192/bjp.164.6.759, 7952982.
36. Clark DM, Ehlers A, Hackmann A, McManus F, Fennell M, Grey N, Waddington L, Wild J. Cognitive therapy versus exposure and applied relaxation in social phobia: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 2006, 74(3):568-578.
37. Clark DM, Ehlers A, McManus F, Hackmann A, Fennell M, Campbell H, Flower T, Davenport C, Louis B. Cognitive therapy versus fluoxetine in generalized social phobia: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology 2003, 71(6):1058-1067. 3249960, 22199101.
38. Hofmann SG. Cognitive Mediation of Treatment Change in Social Phobia. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 2004, 72(3):392-399.
39. Turner SM, Beidel DC, Dancu CV, Stanley MA. An empirically derived inventory to measure social fears and anxiety: The Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory. Psychological Assessment: A Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1989, 1(1):35-40.
40. Clark DM, Salkovskis PM, Hackmann A, Wells A, Fennell M, Ludgate J, Ahmad S, Richards HC, Gelder M. Two psychological treatments for hypochondriasis. A randomised controlled trial.[see comment]. British Journal of Psychiatry 1998, 173:218-225. 10.1192/bjp.173.3.218, 9926097.
41. Borkovec TD, Newman MG, Pincus AL, Lytle R, Newman MG, Pincus AL, Lytle R. A component analysis of cognitive-behavioral therapy for generalized anxiety disorder and the role of interpersonal problems. Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology 2002, 70(2):288-298. 3249960, 22199101.
42. McManus F, Clark DM, Hackmann A. Specificity of cognitive biases in social phobia and their role in recovery. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 2000, 28(3):201-209.
43. Newman MG, Hofmann SG, Trabert W, Roth WT, Taylor CB. Does behavioral treatment of social phobia lead to cognitive changes?. Behavior Therapy 1994, 25(3):503-517.
44. Vogele C, Ehlers A, Meyer AH, Frank M, Hahlweg K, Margraf J. Cognitive mediation of clinical improvement after intensive exposure therapy of agoraphobia and social phobia. Depression & Anxiety 2010, 27(3):294-301. 10.1002/da.20651, 22201090.
45. Ougrin D, Zundel T, Ng A, Banarsee R, Bottle A, Taylor E. Trial of Therapeutic Assessment in London: randomised controlled trial of Therapeutic Assessment versus standard psychosocial assessment in adolescents presenting with self-harm. Archives of Disease in Childhood 96(2):148-153.
46. Wells A, Papageorgiou C. Social phobia: Effects of external attention on anxiety, negative beliefs, and perspective taking. Behavior Therapy 1998, 29(3):357-370.
47. Hirsch CR, Clark DM, Mathews A, Williams R, Hirsch CR, Clark DM, Mathews A, Williams R. Self-images play a causal role in social phobia. Behaviour Research & Therapy 2003, 41(8):909-921. 10.1016/S0005-7967(02)00103-1, 22201090.
48. Harvey AG, Clark DM, Ehlers A, Rapee RM. Social anxiety and self-impression: cognitive preparation enhances the beneficial effects of video feedback following a stressful social task. Behaviour Research & Therapy 2000, 38(12):1183-1192. 10.1016/S0005-7967(99)00148-5, 22201090.
49. Dimidjian S, Hollon SD, Dobson KS, Schmaling KB, Kohlenberg RJ, Addis ME, Gallop R, McGlinchey JB, Markley DK, Gollan JK, et al. Randomized trial of behavioral activation, cognitive therapy, and antidepressant medication in the acute treatment of adults with major depression. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 2006, 74(4):658-670.
50. Hayes A, Hope DA, Hayes S. Towards an understanding of the process and mechanisms of change in cognitive behavioral therapy: Linking innovative methodology with fundamental questions. Clinical Psychology Review 2007, 27(6):679-681. 10.1016/j.cpr.2007.01.006, 3188845, 21984860.
51. Ougrin D, Zundel T, Kyriakopoulos M, Banarsee R, Stahl D, Taylor E. Adolescents with suicidal and nonsuicidal self-harm: Clinical characteristics and response to therapeutic assessment. Psychological Assessment 2011,
52. Wilson G. Rapid response to cognitive behavior therapy. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice 1999, 6(3):289-292.
53. Baron RM, Kenny DA. The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology 1986, 51(6):1173-1182.
54. Kraemer HC, Wilson GT, Fairburn CG, Agras WS, Kraemer HC, Wilson GT, Fairburn CG, Agras WS. Mediators and moderators of treatment effects in randomized clinical trials. Archives of General Psychiatry 2002, 59(10):877-883. 10.1001/archpsyc.59.10.877, 12365874.
55. Smits JA, Rosenfield D, McDonald R, Telch MJ. Cognitive Mechanisms of Social Anxiety Reduction: An Examination of Specificity and Temporality. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 2006, 74(6):1203-1212.
56. Luborsky L, Diguer L, Seligman DA, Rosenthal R, Krause ED, Johnson S, Halperin G, Bishop M, Berman JS, Schweizer E. The researcher's own therapy allegiances: A "wild card" in comparisons of treatment efficacy. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice 1999, 6(1):95-106.
57. McLean PD, Whittal ML, Thordarson DS, Taylor S, Sochting I, Koch WJ, Paterson R, Anderson KW. Cognitive versus behavior therapy in the group treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 2001, 69(2):205-214.
58. Hecker JE, Fink CM, Vogeltanz ND, Thorpe GL, Sigmon ST. Cognitive restructuring and interoceptive exposure in the treatment of panic disorder: A crossover study. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 1998, 26(2):115-131.
59. Wampold BE. The great psychotherapy debate: Models, methods, and findings 2001, Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.