Long-term follow-up of children and adolescents diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: Risk factors for adverse arrhythmic events

Pediatric Cardiology

Volumn 32, Issue 8, 2011, Pages 1096-1105

  Moak, Jeffrey P ^a   Leifer, Eric S ^b   Tripodi, Dorothy ^b   Mohiddin, Saidi A ^b,c   Fananapazir, Lameh ^b,d  

^a CHILDREN'S NATIONAL MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b NATIONAL HEART LUNG AND BLOOD INSTITUTE   (United States)

^c LONDON CHEST HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^d Western Maryland Health System   (United States)

Author keywords

Arrhythmia event; Children; Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Indexed keywords

BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT;

ADOLESCENT; ADOLESCENT DISEASE; ADULT; ARTICLE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CHILD; CHILDHOOD DISEASE; CLINICAL EVALUATION; COHORT ANALYSIS; DEFIBRILLATOR; FAMILY HISTORY; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HEART ARREST; HEART ARRHYTHMIA; HEART STIMULATION; HEART VENTRICLE SEPTUM; HEART VENTRICLE TACHYCARDIA; HOLTER MONITORING; HUMAN; HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY; INDUCED HYPOTENSION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRESYNCOPE; PROGRAMMED VENTRICULAR STIMULATION; RESUSCITATION; SUDDEN DEATH; SYNCOPE; VENTRICULAR SEPTAL THICKNESS;

ADOLESCENT; ARRHYTHMIAS, CARDIAC; CARDIOMYOPATHY, DILATED; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; DEATH, SUDDEN, CARDIAC; DEFIBRILLATORS, IMPLANTABLE; ELECTROPHYSIOLOGIC TECHNIQUES, CARDIAC; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HEART SEPTUM; HUMANS; MALE; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; PROGNOSIS; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTORS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 83555161654     PISSN: 01720643     EISSN: 14321971     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00246-011-9967-y     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. ME Alexander EP Walsh JP Saul MR Epsein JK Triedman 1999 Value of programmed ventricular stimulation in patients with congenital heart disease J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 10 1033 1044 10466482 10.1111/j.1540-8167.1999. tb00274.x 1:STN:280:DyaK1MzpsVemug%3D%3D
2. ME Alexander F Cecchin EP Walsh JK Triedman Bevilacqua CI Berul 2004 Implications of implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy in congenital heart disease and pediatrics J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 15 72 76 15028076 10.1046/j.1540-8167.2004.03388.x (Pubitemid 38147223)
3. KP Anderson EB Stinson GC Derby PE Oyer JW Mason 1983 Vulnerability of patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy to ventricular arrhythmia induction in the operating room. Analysis of 17 patients Am J Cardiol 51 811 816 6681930 10.1016/S0002-9149(83)80138-6 1:STN:280:DyaL3s7kvFKgug%3D%3D (Pubitemid 13141974)
4. C Basso G Thiene D Corrado G Buja P Melacini A Nava 2000 Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and sudden death in the young: pathologic evidence of myocardial ischemia Hum Pathol 31 988 998 10987261 10.1053/hupa.2000.16659 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3cvlvVWltQ%3D%3D
5. DA Begley SA Mohiddin D Tripodi JB Winkler L Fananapazir 2003 Efficacy of implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy for primary and secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 26 1887 1896 12930505 10.1046/j.1460-9592.2003.00285.x (Pubitemid 37130061)
6. D Brito P Richard R Isnard J Pipa M Komajda H Madeira 2003 Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: the same mutation, different prognosis. Comparison of two families with long follow-up Rev Port Cardiol 22 1445 1461 15008060 (Pubitemid 38168293)
7. AE Buxton KL Lee JD Fisher ME Josephson EN Prystowsky G Hafley 1999 A randomized study of the prevention of sudden death in patients with coronary artery disease N Engl J Med 341 1882 1890 10601507 10.1056/NEJM199912163412503 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c%2Fks1GltQ%3D%3D
8. AE Buxton KL Lee L DiCarlo MR Gold GS Greer EN Prystowsky MF O'Toole A Tang JD Fisher J Coromilas M Talajic G Hafley 2000 Electrophysiologic testing to identify patients with coronary artery disease who are at risk for sudden death N Engl J Med 342 1937 1945 10874061 10.1056/NEJM200006293422602 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3czit1arsw%3D%3D (Pubitemid 30419088)
9. F Cecchi I Olivotto A Montereggi G Squillatini A Dolara BJ Maron 1998 Prognostic value of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia and the potential role of amiodarone treatment in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: assessment in an unselected non-referral based patient population Heart 79 331 336 9616338 1:STN:280:DyaK1c3nvFeisg%3D%3D (Pubitemid 28197746)
10. YM Cha BJ Gersh BJ Maron G Boriani P Spirito DO Hodge PL Weivoda JM Trusty PA Friedman SC Hammill RF Rea WK Shen 2007 Electrophysiologic manifestations of ventricular tachyarrhythmias provoking appropriate defibrillator interventions in high-risk patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 18 483 487 17343723 10.1111/j.1540-8167.2007.00780.x (Pubitemid 46650337)
11. SD Colan SE Lipshultz AM Lowe LA Sleeper J Messere GF Cox PR Lurie EJ Orav JA Towbin 2007 Epidemiology and cause-specific outcome of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in children. Findings from the pediatric cardiomyopathy registry Circulation 15 773 781 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.621185 (Pubitemid 46294745)
12. JA Decker JW Rossano EO Smith B Cannon SK Clunie C Gates J Jefferies J Kim JF Price WJ Dreyer JA Towbin SW Denfield 2009 Risk factors and mode of death in isolated hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in children J Am Coll Cardiol 54 250 254 19589438 10.1016/j.jacc.2009.03.051
13. V Dilsizian R Bonow SE Epstein L Fananapazir 1993 Myocardial ischemia detected by thallium scintigraphy is frequently related to cardiac arrest and syncope in young patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy J Am Coll Cardiol 22 796 804 8102625 10.1016/0735-1097(93)90193-5 1:STN:280:DyaK3szlvFKgug%3D%3D (Pubitemid 23256942)
14. PM Elliott J Poloniecki S Dickie S Sharma L Monserrat A Varnava NG Mahon WJ McKenna 2000 Sudden death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: identification of high risk patients J Am Coll Cardiol 36 2212 2218 11127463 10.1016/S0735- 1097(00)01003-2 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M%2FnslaqsA%3D%3D
15. PM Elliott JR Gimeno Blanes NJ Mahon JD Poloniecki WJ McKenna 2001 Relation between severity of left ventricular hypertrophy and prognosis in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Lancet 357 420 424 11273061 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)04005-8 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M7nt12itg%3D%3D (Pubitemid 32156140)
16. L Fananapazir CM Tracy MB Leon JB Winkler RO Cannon 3rd RO Bonow BJ Maron SE Epstein 1989 Electropysiologic abnormalities in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. A consecutive analysis in 155 patients Circulation 80 1259 1268 2805263 10.1161/01.CIR.80.5.1259 1:STN:280:DyaK3c%2FjtVyjtg%3D%3D (Pubitemid 19282514)
17. MP Frenneaux 2004 Assessing the risk of sudden cardiac death in a patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Heart 90 570 575 15084566 10.1136/hrt.2003. 020529 (Pubitemid 38530183)
18. A Geibel P Brugada M Zehender W Stevenson B Waldecker HJJ Wellens 1987 Value of programmed electrical stimulation using a standardized ventricular stimulation protocol in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Am J Cardiol 60 738 739 3661450 10.1016/0002-9149(87)90399-7 1:STN:280:DyaL1c%2FitVyhsw%3D%3D (Pubitemid 17154634)
19. SL Greenberg J Mauricio Sánchez JA Cooper ME Cain J Chen MJ Gleva BD Lindsay TW Smith MN Faddis 2007 Sustained polymorphic arrhythmias induced by programmed ventricular stimulation have prognostic value in patients receiving defibrillators Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 30 1067 1075 17725748 10.1111/j.1540-8159.2007.00815.x (Pubitemid 47300645)
20. LE Hinkle HT Thaler DP Merke D Renier-Berg NE Morton 1988 The risk factors for arrhythmic death in a sample of men followed for 20 years Am J Epidemiol 127 500 515 3341356 (Pubitemid 18072867)
21. K Jansson U Dahlstrom E Karlsson E Nylander H Walfridsson C Sonnhag 1990 The value of exercise test, Holter monitoring, and programmed electrical stimulation in detection of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 13 1261 1267 1701541 10.1111/j.1540-8159.1990.tb02025.x 1:STN:280:DyaK3M%2FnsVKqtw%3D%3D (Pubitemid 20370887)
22. P Khairy MJ Landzberg MA Gatzoulis H Lucron J Lambert F Marçon ME Alexander EP Walsh 2004 Value of programmed ventricular stimulation after tetralogy of Fallot repair: a multicenter study Circulation 109 1994 2000 15051640 10.1161/01.CIR.0000126495.11040.BD (Pubitemid 38544490)
23. T Kleemann T Becker K Doenges M Vater J Senges S Schneider W Saggau U Weisse K Seidl 2007 Annual rate of transvenous defibrillation lead defects in implantable cardioverter-defibrillators over a period of >10 years Circulation 115 2474 2480 17470696 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.663807 (Pubitemid 46763220)
24. PR Kowey R Eisenberg TR Engel 1984 Sustained arrhythmias in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy N Engl J Med 310 1566 1569 6539421 10.1056/NEJM198406143102405 1:STN:280:DyaL2c3hvFGktg%3D%3D
25. DM Krikler MJ Davies E Fowland JF Goodwin RC Evans DB Shaw 1980 Sudden death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: associated accessory atrioventricular pathways Br Heart J 43 245 251 7192150 10.1136/hrt.43.3.245 1:STN:280: DyaL3M%2Fmt1ygsg%3D%3D (Pubitemid 10096608)
26. KH Kuck KP Kunze M Schluter CA Nienaber A Costard 1988 Programmed electrical stimulation in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Results in patients with and without cardiac arrest or syncope Eur Heart J 9 177 185 3280318 1:STN:280:DyaL1c7ms1yisA%3D%3D
27. PO Lim JA Morris-Thurgood MP Frenneaux 2002 Vascular mechanisms of sudden death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, including blood pressure responses to exercise Cardiol Rev 10 15 23 11790265 10.1097/00045415-200201000-00005 (Pubitemid 34130765)
28. G Lin RA Nishimura GJ Gersh D Phil SR Ommen MJ Ackerman PA Brady 2009 Device complications and inappropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator shocks in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Heart 95 709 714 19282314 10.1136/hrt.2008.150656 1:STN:280:DC%2BD1M3ns1Orug%3D%3D
29. BJ Maron WK Shen MS Link AE Epstein AK Almquist JP Daubert GH Bardy S Favale RF Rea G Boriani NA Estes 3rd P Spirito 2000 Efficacy of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators for the prevention of sudden death in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy N Engl J Med 342 365 373 10666426 10.1056/NEJM200002103420601 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c7hs12msw%3D%3D (Pubitemid 30084534)
30. BJ Maron P Spirito WK Shen TS Haas F Formisano MS Link AE Epstein AK Almquist JP Daubert T Lawrenz G Boriani NA Estes III S Favale M Piccininno SL Winters M Santini S Betocchi F Arribas MV Sherrid G Buja C Semsarian P Bruzzi 2007 Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators and prevention of sudden cardiac death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy JAMA 298 405 412 17652294 10.1001/jama.298.4.405 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXot1eks7k%3D (Pubitemid 47124061)
31. BJ Maron TS Haas KM Shannon AK Almquist JS Hodges 2009 Long term survival after cardiac arrest in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Heart Rhythm 6 993 997 19497790 10.1016/j.hrthm.2009.03.014
32. WJ McKenna JE Deanfield 1984 Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: an important cause of sudden death Arch Dis Child 59 971 975 6541894 10.1136/adc.59.10.971 1:STN:280:DyaL2M%2FksFKisA%3D%3D (Pubitemid 14018125)
33. WJ McKenna RC Franklin P Nihoyannopoulos KC Robinson JE Deanfield 1988 Arrhythmia and prognosis in infants, children and adolescents with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy J Am Coll Cardiolol 11 147 153 10.1016/0735-1097(88)90181-7 1:STN:280:DyaL1c%2FovVemsg%3D%3D (Pubitemid 18029049)
34. CJ McLeod MJ Ackerman RA Nishimura AJ Tajik BJ Gersh SR Ommen 2009 Outcome of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and a normal electrocardiogram J Am Coll Cardiolol 54 229 233 10.1016/j.jacc.2009.02.071
35. P Melacini BJ Maron F Bobbo C Basso B Tokajuk G Thiene S Iliceto 2007 Evidence that pharmacologic strategies lack efficacy for the prevention of sudden death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Heart 93 708 710 17502652 10.1136/hrt.2006.099416 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXntFOlu7g%3D (Pubitemid 46808272)
36. SA Mohiddin D Begley J Shih L Fananapazir 2000 Myocardial bridging does not predict sudden death in children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy but is associated with more severe cardiac disease J Am Coll Cardiol 36 2270 2278 11127472 10.1016/S0735-1097(00)00987-6 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M%2Fnslejsw%3D%3D
37. L Monserrat PM Elliott JR Gimeno S Sharma M Penas-Lado WJ McKenna 2003 Non-sustained ventricular tachycardia in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: an independent marker of sudden death risk in young patients J Am Coll Cardiol 42 873 879 12957435 10.1016/S0735-1097(03)00827-1 (Pubitemid 37059747)
38. I Olivotto BJ Maron A Montereggi F Mazzuoli A Dolara F Cecchi 1999 Prognostic value of systemic blood pressure response during exercise in a community-based patient population with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy J Am Coll Cardiol 33 2044 2051 10362212 10.1016/S0735-1097(99)00094-7 1:STN:280: DyaK1M3ovFSmug%3D%3D
39. I Olivotto R Gistri P Petrone E Pedemonte D Vargiu F Cecchi 2003 Maximum left ventricular thickness and risk of sudden death in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy J Am Coll Cardiol 41 315 321 12535828 10.1016/S0735-1097(02)02713-4 (Pubitemid 36092203)
40. I Östman-Smith G Wettrell B Keeton T Riesenfeld D Holmgren U Ergander 2005 Echocardiographic and electrocardiographic identification of those children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy who should be considered at high-risk of dying suddenly Cardiol Young 15 632 642 16297259 10.1017/S1047951105001824 (Pubitemid 41748558)
41. I Östman-Smith G Wettrell B Keeton D Holmgren U Ergander S Gould C Bowker M Verdicchio 2008 Age and gender-specific mortality rates in childhood hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Eur Heart J 29 1160 1167 18385119 10.1093/eurheartj/ehn122 (Pubitemid 351844886)
42. JP Pablo Kaski MT Tome Esteban M Lowe S Sporton P Rees JE Deanfield WJ McKenna PM Elliott 2007 Outcomes after implantable cardioverter-defibrillator treatment in children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Heart 93 372 374 16940391 10.1136/hrt.2006.094730 (Pubitemid 46579536)
43. A Roguin CS Bomma K Nasir H Tandri C Tichnell C James J Rutberg J Crosson PJ Spevak RD Berger HR Halperin H Calkins 2004 Implantable cardioverter- defibrillators in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy J Am Coll Cardiol 43 1843 1852 15145110 10.1016/j.jacc.2004.01.030 (Pubitemid 38622525)
44. G Romero-Farina J Candell-Riera O Pereztol-Valdés J Castell S Aguadé E Galve J Palet G Oller-Martínez L Armadans D Reina J Soler-Soler 2001 Myocardial perfusion SPECT and isotopic ventriculography in obstructive and non-obstructive hypertrophic myocardiopathy Rev Esp Med Nucl 20 530 536 11709138 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3Mnmtl2qtQ%3D%3D
45. N Sadoul K Prasad PM Elliott S Bannerjee MP Frenneaux WJ McKenna 1997 Prospective prognostic assessment of blood pressure response during exercise in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Circulation 96 2987 2991 9386166 1:STN:280:DyaK1c%2FksF2gsQ%3D%3D (Pubitemid 27500099)
46. RC Saumarez AK Slade AA Grace N Sadoul AJ Camm WJ McKenna 1995 The significance of paced electrogram fractionation in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a prospective study Circulation 91 2762 2768 7758182 1:STN:280: DyaK2M3nsl2htQ%3D%3D
47. WA Schiavone JD Maliney HM Lever LW Castle R Sterba V Morant 1986 Electrophysiologic studies of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy presenting with syncope of undetermined etiology Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 9 476 481 2426664 10.1111/j.1540-8159.1986.tb06602.x 1:STN:280: DyaL283os1Onsg%3D%3D (Pubitemid 16100191)
48. P Sorajja SR Ommen RA Nishimura BJ Gersh AJ Tajik DR Holmes 2003 Myocardial bridging in adult patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy J Am Coll Cardiol 42 889 894 12957438 10.1016/S0735-1097(03)00854-4 (Pubitemid 37059749)
49. P Spirito P Bellone KM Harris P Bernabo P Bruzzi BJ Maron 2000 Magnitude of left ventricular hypertrophy and risk of sudden death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy N Engl J Med 342 1778 1785 10853000 10.1056/NEJM200006153422403 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c3psVOqsw%3D%3D (Pubitemid 30390237)
50. HL Thomas J Morris-Thurgood J Atherton WJ McKenna MP Frenneaux 1998 Reflex responses of venous capacitance vessels in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Clin Sci 94 339 346 (Pubitemid 28176617)
51. JHH Wellens FW Bar EJ Vanagt 1980 Death after ajmaline administration Am J Cardiol 45 905 7189088 10.1016/0002-9149(80)90139-3 1:STN:280: DyaL3c7ltVOjsg%3D%3D (Pubitemid 10148877)
52. A Woo D Monakier L Harris A Hill P Shah E Douglas Wigle H Rakowski E Rozenblyum DA Cameron 2007 Determinants of implantable defibrillator discharges in high risk patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Heart 93 1044 1045 17699173 10.1136/hrt.2006.090290 (Pubitemid 47310979)
53. AT Yetman BW McCrindle C MacDonald RM Freedom R Gow 1998 Myocardial bridging in children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a risk factor for sudden death N Engl J Med 339 1201 1209 9780340 10.1056/NEJM199810223391704 1:STN:280:DyaK1cvkt1yqsQ%3D%3D (Pubitemid 28482129)
54. DWX Zhu H Sun R Hill R Roberts 1998 The value of electrophysiologic study and prophylactic implantation of cardioverter defibrillator in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 21 299 302 9474693 10.1111/j.1540-8159.1998.tb01109.x 1:STN:280:DyaK1c7jsFSgtg%3D%3D (Pubitemid 28083751)