The stirrings of the modern civil rights movement in Cincinnati, Ohio, 1943-1953

Groundwork: Local Black Freedom Movements in America

Volumn , Issue , 2005, Pages 215-234

  Washington, Michael ^a  

^a NORTHERN KENTUCKY UNIVERSITY   (United States)

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EID: 83455255340     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (59)

1. Robert A. Burnham, "The Mayor's Friendly Relations Committee: Cultural Pluralism and the Struggle for Black Advancement," Race and the City: Work, Community, and Protest in Cincinnati, 1820-1970, ed. Henry Louis Taylor Jr. (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1993), 259.
2. Taylor, Race and the City, xiv-xviii.
3. Judith A. Bechtel and Robert M. Coughlin, Building the Beloved Community: Maurice McCrackin's Life for Peace and Civil Rights [Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1991], 80.
4. Burnham, "Mayor's Friendly Relations Committee," 259.
5. Thomas J. Sugrue, The Origins of The Urban Crisis: Race and Inequality in Postwar Detroit (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1996), 29.
6. "Notes on Mayor Stewart's Committee," October 7, 1943
7. Burnham, "Mayor's Friendly Relations Committee," 260.
8. "Notes on Mayor Stewart's Committee," October 7, 1943,ULGC.
9. Burnham, "Mayor's Friendly Relations Committee," 260-61.
10. "Mayor Stewart's Friendly Relations Committee, December 23, 1943, 1, 2, ULGC, box 24,folder 6.
11. "Statement. FOR:Mayor Stewart's Committee, FROM:Negro Organizations Interested in Racial Amity and Good City Government, October 7, 1943,1, ULGC, box 24,folder 5.
12. Bechtel and Coughlin, Building the Beloved Community, 60;
13. Floyd B. Bar-bour, ed., The Black Power Revolt (Boston: Porter Sargent, 1968), 255.
14. Bechtel and Coughlin, Building the Beloved Community, 60.
15. Cincinnati Time-Star, December 31,1946;
16. Burnham, "Mayor's Friendly Relations Committee," 265, 266.
17. Cincinnati Enquirer, July 11,1947;August 22,1947.
18. Andrew Edmund Kersten, Race, Jobs, and the War: The FEPC in the Midwest, 1941-46 (Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 2000), 90.
19. Robert B. Fairbanks and Zane L. Miller, "The Martial Metropolis: Housing, Planning, and Race in Cincinnati, 1940-1955," in The Martial Metropolis: U.S. Cities in War and Peace, ed. Robert W. Lotchin (New York: Praeger, 1984), 196.
20. Kersten, Race, Jobs, and the War, 91.
21. Meier and Rudwick, CORE, 58.
22. Burnham, "Mayor's Friendly Relations Committee," 269-71.
23. August Meier and Elliott Rudwick, CORE: A Study in the Civil Rights Movement, 1942 -1968 (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1975), 58.
24. Bechtel and Coughlin, Building the Beloved Community, 71.
25. Meier and Rudwick, CORE, 44
26. Bechtel and Coughlin, Building the Beloved Community, 70.
27. Burnham, "Mayor's Friendly Relations Committee," 267.
28. Barry M. Horstman, 100 Who Made a Difference: Greater Cincin-natians Who Made a Mark on the 20th Century, Cincinnati Post, Cincinnati, 232-33;
29. Bechtel and Coughlin, Building the Beloved Community, 58.
30. Bechtel and Coughlin, Building the Beloved Community, 71.
31. "The Disciplines," Peacemaker, June 5,1949, 5.
32. Interview with Juanita Nelson, October 18, 2003,Smith College.
33. Bechtel and Coughlin, Building the Beloved Community, 74-75.
34. See "Tackling Segregated Education" and "Ask Support in Combating Racism," Peacemaker, April 25, 1950, 2;
35. Peacemaker, April 21, 1951, 5,respec-tively.
36. "Discrimination to Be Aired," Peacemaker, September 1, 1951, 2.
37. Bechtel and Coughlin, Building the Beloved Community, 80.
38. Nina Mjagkij, "Behind the Scenes: The Cincinnati Urban League, 1948-63," in Taylor, Race and the City, 283.
39. Bechtel and Coughlin, Building the Beloved Community, 81.
40. Bechtel and Coughlin, Building the Beloved Community, 85.
41. Peacemaker, September 27, 1952, 4;
42. see also Bechtel and Coughlin, Building the Beloved Community, 86.
43. Bechtel and Coughlin, Building the Beloved Community, 86-87.
44. Jacques, Coney, 140-41.
45. Call and Post, June 16, 1951.
46. Bechtel and Coughlin, Building the Beloved Community, 87.
47. Jacques, Coney, 141.
48. Bechtel and Coughlin, Building the Beloved Community, 87;
49. Mjagkij, "Cincinnati Urban League," 284;
50. Jacques, Coney, 141.
51. Mjagkij, "Cincinnati Urban League," 284-86.
52. Bechtel and Coughlin, Building the Beloved Community, 89.
53. Mjagkij, "Cincinnati Urban League," 288.
54. Cincinnati Enquirer, September 15,1963.
55. Cincinnati Herald, November 10, 24,1961;
56. Michael Washington, "The Black Struggle for Desegregated Quality Education: Cincinnati, Ohio, 1954-1974" (Ph.D. dissertation, University of Cincinnati, 1984), 139.
57. Washington, "The Black Struggle," 141.
58. Interview with State Representative William Mallory, October 23, 2003.
59. Mjagkij, "Cincinnati Urban League," 288-89.