Coupling of light from an LED into a thin light guide by diffractive gratings

Applied Optics

Volumn 43, Issue 30, 2004, Pages 5631-5636

  Siitonen, Samuli ^a   Laakkonen, Pasi ^a   Vahimaa, Pasi ^a   Jefimovs, Konstantins ^a   Kuittinen, Markku ^a   Parikka, Marko ^b   Mönkkönen, Kari ^c,d,e   Orpana, Ahti ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN FINLAND   (Finland)

^b NOKIA RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

^c Perlos   (Finland)

^d Karelia Polytechnic   (Finland)

^e KARELIA UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES   (Finland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COUPLED CIRCUITS; DIFFRACTION GRATINGS; ELECTRON BEAM LITHOGRAPHY; INJECTION MOLDING; LIGHT PROPAGATION; MONOCHROMATORS; REACTIVE ION ETCHING; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY;

INCIDENCE ANGLES; LIGHT GUIDES; RADIAL GRATINGS; REFLECTION ANGLES;

LIGHT EMITTING DIODES;

EID: 8344282009     PISSN: 1559128X     EISSN: 15394522     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1364/AO.43.005631     Document Type: Article

References (13)

1. M. Parikka, T. Kaikuranta, P. Laakkonen, J. Lautanen, J. Tervo, M. Honkanen, M. Kuittinen, and J. Turunen, "Deterministic diffractive diffusers for displays," Appl. Opt. 40, 2239-2246 (2001).
2. W. A. Parkyn, D. G. Pelka, and J. Popovich, "The Black Hole™: cuspated lightguide-injectors and illuminators for LEDs," in Nonimaging Optics: Maximum Efficiency Light Transfer V, R. Winston, ed., Proc. SPIE 3781, 183-189 (1999).
3. T. Tamir, "Beam and lightguide couplers," in Integrated Optics. T. Tamir. ed. (Springer, New York, 1975), pp. 83-137.
4. T. Tamir and S. T. Peng, "Analysis and design of grating couplers," Appl. Phys. 14, 235-254 (1977).
5. M. Neviere, "The homogeneous problem," in Electromagnetic Theory of Gratings, R. Petit, ed. (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1980), pp. 123-157.
6. S. Ura, H. Sunagawa, T. Suhara, and H. Nishihara, "Focusing grating couplers for polarization detection," J. Lightwave Technol. 6, 1028-1033 (1988).
7. Ph. M. Nellen, K. Tiefenthaler, and W. Lukosz, "Integrated optical input grating couplers as biochemical sensors," Sens. Actuators 15, 285-295 (1988).
8. E. Waldhäus, B. Schnabel, E.-B. Kley, and A. Bräuer, "Efficient focusing polymer lightguide grating couplers," Electron. Lett. 33, 623-624 (1997).
9. J. Backlund, "Multifunctional lightguide grating couplers for integrated optics," Ph,D. thesis (Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden, 2001).
10. K. Mönkkönen, J. Hietala, P. Pääkkönen, E. J. Pääkkönen, T. Kaikuranta, T. T. Pakkanen, and T. Jääskeläinen, "Replication of sub-micron structures using amorphous thermoplastics," Polym. Eng. Sci. 40, 1600-1608 (2002).
11. J. Turunen, "Diffraction theory of microrelief gratings," in Micro-optics: Elements, Systems, and Applications, H. P. Herzig, ed. (Taylor & Francis, London, 1997), pp. 31-52.
12. 2) used as molds for nanoimprint lithography," Microelectron. Eng. 53, 163-166 (2000).
13. F. Nikolajeff, S. Jacobsson, S. Hård, Å. Billman, L. Lundbladh, and C. Lindell, "Replication of continuous-relief diffractive optical elements by conventional compact disk injection-molding techniques," Appl. Opt. 36, 4655-4659 (1997).