Are the economics of pharmaceutical research and development changing? Productivity, patents and political pressures

PharmacoEconomics

Volumn 22, Issue SUPPL. 2, 2004, Pages 15-24

  Grabowski, Henry ^a  

^a DUKE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALENDRONIC ACID; AMFEBUTAMONE; AMLODIPINE BESYLATE; ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; ANTIMIGRAINE AGENT; ATORVASTATIN; CIPROFLOXACIN; CYCLOOXYGENASE 2 INHIBITOR; ENALAPRIL MALEATE; FEXOFENADINE; FLUOXETINE; GABAPENTIN; IRBESARTAN; LISINOPRIL; MACROLIDE; OLANZAPINE; OMEPRAZOLE; OXYCODONE; PANTOPRAZOLE; PAROXETINE; PRAVASTATIN; PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; RISPERIDONE; SELECTIVE ESTROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATOR; SERTRALINE; SUMATRIPTAN SUCCINATE; TAXANE DERIVATIVE; UNINDEXED DRUG; VALSARTAN; VENLAFAXINE; WELLBUTIN;

ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; ARTHRITIS; CANCER; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; COMPETITION; CONFERENCE PAPER; DRUG CLASSIFICATION; DRUG COST; DRUG INDUSTRY; DRUG MANUFACTURE; DRUG RESEARCH; ECONOMIC ASPECT; ECONOMIC EVALUATION; GOVERNMENT; HUMAN; MEDICAID; MEDICARE; MIGRAINE; OSTEOPOROSIS; PATENT; POLITICS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PRODUCTIVITY; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SIDE EFFECT; TECHNOLOGY;

DRUG APPROVAL; DRUG INDUSTRY; ECONOMICS, PHARMACEUTICAL; EFFICIENCY; HUMANS; PATENTS; RESEARCH; TECHNOLOGY, PHARMACEUTICAL;

EID: 8344277490     PISSN: 11707690     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2165/00019053-200422002-00003     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (25)

1. Grabowski HG, Vernon J, DiMasi JA. Returns on research and development for 1990s new drug introductions. Pharmcoeconomics 2002; 20 Suppl. 3: 11-29
2. Scherer FM. The link between gross profitability and pharmaceutical R&D spending. Health Aff 2001; 20 (5): 136-40
3. DiMasi JA, Hansen RW, Grabowski HG. The price of innovation: new estimates of drug development costs. J Health Econ, 2003; 22: 141-85
4. Med Ad News, April issue, various years
5. Baily MN. Research and development costs and returns: the U.S. pharmaceutical industry. J Pol Econ, 1972; 80: 70-85
6. Scherer FM. Technological maturity and waning economic growth. Arts and Sciences, Fall 1978; 1:7-11
7. Tollman P, Guy P, Altschuler J, et al. A revolution in R&D: the impact of genomics. Boston: The Boston Consulting Group, June 2001
8. Landers P. Drug industry's big push into technology falls short. Wall Street Journal, Feb 24, 2004
9. Congress of the United States, Congressional Budget Office. How increased competition from generic drugs has affected prices and returns in the pharmaceutical industry. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, July 1998
10. Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America [PhRMA]. Pharmaceutical industry profile 2003. Washington, DC: PhRMA, 2003. p. 62
11. Schulman S, Healy EM, Lasagna L, editors. PBMs: reshaping the pharmaceutical distribution network. New York: Haworth Press, 1998
12. Grabowski HG, Vernon JM. Longer patents for increased generic competition: The Waxman-Hatch Act after one decade. PharmcoEconomics 1996; 10 Suppl2: 110-123
13. Federal Trade Commission. Generic entry prior to patent expiration: an FTC study. Washington, DC: FTC, July 2002
14. Bulow J. The gaming of pharmaceutical patents, forthcoming in Jaffe AB, Stern S, and Lerner J, eds. Innovation policy and the economy, Volume 4, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2003
15. Bear Stearns. Attack of the clones: 18 years post Waxman-Hatch, New York; Bear Stearns, October 2, 2002
16. Emmons W, Nimgade A. Burroughs Wellcome and AZT, Case 9-792-004. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Business School, 1991
17. Grabowski H. Comment, in Triplett JE, ed. Measuring the Prices of Medical Treatment, Washington: Brookings Institution, 1999, 190-195
18. Pauly MV. Medicare drug coverage and moral hazard. Health Affairs, 2004, 22 No. 1: 113-122
19. Office of the Actuary, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). Fiscal year 2002 mid session Review of Medicaid spending projections. Washington, DC: CMS, 2002
20. Smith, et al. Medicaid spending growth: a 50 state update for FY 2003. Kaiser Commission on Medicaid and the Uninsured, Washington, DC, January 2003
21. Wang YR, Pauly MV and Lin YA. Impact of Maine's Medicaid drug formulary change on non-Medicaid markets: spillover effects of a restrictive drug formulary. Am J of Managed Care, 2003; 9[10]: 686-696
22. Bernasek C, Harringtone C, Ramchand R, et al. Florida's Medicaid Prescription Drug Benefit: A Case Study. Washington: Kaiser Commission on Medicaid and the Uninsured. February 2002
23. Mendelson D. State medicaid Rx cost containment, Washington, Health Strategies Consulting, May 2, 2002
24. Danzon PM, Ketcham JD. Reference pricing of pharmaceuticals and Medicare: Evidence from Germany, the Netherlands, and New Zealand. National Bureau of Economic Research [NBER] Working Paper No. W10007, Cambridge, MA, October 2003
25. Bernasek C, et al. Case study: Michigan's Medicaid Prescription Drug Benefit. Kaiser Commission on Medicaid and the Uninsured, Washington, DC, January 2003