Contrasting patterns of territoriality and foraging mode in two stream-dwelling salmonids, Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) and brown trout (Salmo trutta)

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences

Volumn 68, Issue 12, 2011, Pages 2090-2100

  Gunnarsson, Gumundur Smári ^a,b   Steingrímsson, Stefán Óli ^a  

^a HÓLAR UNIVERSITY COLLEGE   (Iceland)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ICELAND   (Iceland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ABUNDANCE; BODY SIZE; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEM; MOBILITY; RIVER SYSTEM; SALMONID; TERRITORIALITY;

ICELAND;

EID: 83055193676     PISSN: 0706652X     EISSN: 12057533     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/F2011-127     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Biro, P.A., and Ridgway, M.S. 1995. Individual variation in foraging movements in a lake population of young-of-the-year brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis). Behaviour, 132(1-2): 57-74. doi:10.1163/ 156853995X00289.
2. Davies, N.B., and Houston, A.I. 1984. Territory economics. In Behavioural ecology: an evolutionary approach. 2nd ed. Edited by J.R. Krebs and N.B. Davies. Blackwell, Oxford, UK. pp.148-169.
3. DeGraaf, D.A., and Bain, L.H. 1986. Habitat use by and preferences of juvenile Atlantic salmon in two Newfoundland rivers. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 115(5): 671-681. doi:10.1577/1548-8659(1986) 115<671:HUBAPO>2.0.CO;2.
4. Dill, L.M., Ydenberg, R.C., and Fraser, A.H.G. 1981. Food abundance and territory size in juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). Can. J. Zool. 59(9): 1801-1809. doi:10.1139/ z81-247.
5. Elliott, J.M. 1990. Mechanisms responsible for population regulation in young migratory trout Salmo trutta. III. The role of territorial behaviour. J. Anim. Ecol. 59(3): 803-818. doi:10.2307/5015.
6. Ferguson, M.M., and Noakes, D.L.G. 1982. Genetics of social behaviour in charrs (Salvelinus species). Anim. Behav. 30(1): 128-134. doi:10.1016/S0003-3472(82)80247-9.
7. Grant, J.W.A., and Kramer, D.L. 1990. Territory size as a predictor of the upper limit to population density of juvenile salmonids in streams. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47(9): 1724-1737. doi:10.1139/ f90-197.
8. Grant, J.W.A., and Noakes, D.L.G. 1987. Movers and stayers: foraging tactics of young-of-the-year brook charr, Salvelinus fontinalis. J. Anim. Ecol. 56(3): 1001-1013. doi:10.2307/4962.
9. Grant, J.W.A., Noakes, D.L.G., and Jonas, K.M. 1989. Spatial distribution of defence and foraging in young-of-the-year brook charr, Salvelinus fontinalis. J. Anim. Ecol. 58(3): 773-784. doi:10. 2307/5123.
10. Heggenes, J., and Saltveit, S.J. 2007. Summer stream habitat partitioning by sympatric Arctic charr, Atlantic salmon and brown trout in two sub-arctic rivers. J. Fish Biol. 71(4): 1069-1081. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.2007.01573.x.
11. Hixon, M.A. 1980. Food-production and competitor density as the determinants of feeding territory size. Am. Nat. 115(4): 510-530. doi:10.1086/283577.
12. Hixon, M.A. 1981. An experimental analysis of territoriality in the California reef fish Embiotoca jacksoni (Embiotocidae). Copeia, 1981(3): 653-665. doi:10.2307/1444571.
13. Hooge, P.N., and Eichenlaub, B. 2000. Animal movement extension to Arcview, version 2.0. Science Center-Biological Science Office, US Geological Survey, Anchorage, Alaska.
14. Huey, R.B., and Pianka, E.R. 1981. Ecological consequences of foraging mode. Ecology, 62(4): 991-999. doi:10.2307/1936998.
15. Imre, I., Grant, J.W.A., and Keeley, E.R. 2002. The effect of visual isolation on territory size and population density of juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 59(2): 303-309. doi:10.1139/f02-010.
16. Kalleberg, H. 1958. Observation in a stream tank of territoriality and competition in juvenile salmon and trout (Salmo salar L., and S. trutta L.). Inst. Freshw. Res Drottningholm Rep. 39: 55-98.
17. Katano, O. 1996. Foraging tactics and home range of dark chub in a Japanese river. Oecologia (Berl.), 106(2): 199-205. doi:10.1007/BF00328599.
18. Keeley, E.R. 2000. An experimental analysis of territory size in juvenile steelhead trout. Anim. Behav. 59(3): 477-490. doi:10. 1006/anbe.1999.1288. PMID:10715169.
19. Keeley, E.R., and Grant, J.W.A. 1995. Allometric and environmental correlates of territory size in juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 52(1): 186-196. doi:10.1139/f95-019.
20. Keeley, E.R., and Grant, J.W.A. 1997. Allometry of diet selectivity in juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 54(8): 1894-1902. doi:10.1139/cjfas-54-8-1894.
21. Keeley, E.R., and McPhail, J.D. 1998. Food abundance, intruder pressure, and body size as determinants of territory size in juvenile steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Behaviour, 135: 65-82.
22. López-Sepulcre, A., and Kokko, H. 2005. Territorial defense, territory size, and population regulation. Am. Nat. 166(3): 317-329. doi:10.1086/432560. PMID:16224687.
23. Loveridge, A.J., Valeix, M., Davidson, Z., Murindagomo, F., Fritz, H., and Macdonald, D.W. 2009. Changes in home range size of African lions in relation to pride size and prey biomass in a semiarid savanna. Ecography, 32(6): 953-962.
24. Meadows, D.W. 2001. Centre-edge differences in behaviour, territory size and fitness in clusters of territorial damselfish: patterns, causes, and consequences. Behaviour, 138(9): 1085-1116. doi:10. 1163/156853901753287154.
25. Motulsky, H., and Christopoulos, A. 2004. Fitting models to biological data using linear and nonlinear regression: a practical guide to curve fitting. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
26. Myers, J.P., Connors, P.G., and Pitelka, F.A. 1979. Territory size in wintering Sanderlings-effect of prey abundance and intruder density. Auk, 96(3): 551-561.
27. Nakano, S. 1995. Individual differences in resource use, growth and emigration under the influence of a dominance hierarchy in fluvial red-spotted masu salmon in a natural habitat. J. Anim. Ecol. 64(1): 75-84. doi:10.2307/5828.
28. Nakano, S., Fausch, K.D., and Kitano, S. 1999. Flexible niche partitioning via a foraging mode shift: a proposed mechanism for coexistence in stream-dwelling charrs. J. Anim. Ecol. 68(6): 1079-1092. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2656.1999.00355.x.
29. Newton, I. 1992. Experiments on the limitation of bird numbers by territorial behavior. Biol. Rev. Camb. Philos. Soc. 67(2): 129-173. doi:10.1111/j.1469-185X.1992.tb01017.x.
30. Nielsen, J.L. 1992. Microhabitat-specific foraging behavior, diet, and growth of juvenile coho salmon. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 121(5): 617-634. doi:10.1577/1548-8659(1992)121<0617:MFBDAG>2.3.CO;2.
31. Noble, G.K. 1939. The role of dominance in the life of birds. Auk, 56: 253-273.
32. Patterson, I.J. 1980. Territorial behavior and the limitation of population-density. Ardea, 68(1-4): 53-62.
33. Pianka, E.R. 1966. Convexity, desert lizards, and spatial heterogeneity. Ecology, 47(6): 1055-1059. doi:10.2307/1935656.
34. Pianka, E.R. 1983. Evolutionary ecology. 3rd ed. Harper and Row, New York.
35. Schoener, T.W. 1981. An empirically based estimate of home range. Theor. Popul. Biol. 20(3): 281-325. doi:10.1016/0040-5809(81) 90049-6.
36. Schoener, T.W. 1983. Simple models of optimal territory size: a reconciliation. Am. Nat. 121(5): 608-629. doi:10.1086/284090.
37. Sokal, R.R., and Rohlf, F.J. 1994. Biometry. 3rd ed. W.H. Freeman, San Francisco, Calif.
38. Stamps, J.A., and Krishnan, V.V. 1998. Territory acquisition in lizards. IV. Obtaining high status and exclusive home ranges. Anim. Behav. 55(2): 461-472. doi:10.1006/anbe.1997.0612. PMID:9480712.
39. Steingrímsson, S. Ó., and Grant, J.W.A. 2003. Patterns and correlates of movement and site fidelity in individually tagged young-of-theyear Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 60(2): 193-202. doi:10.1139/f03-012.
40. Steingrímsson, S. Ó., and Grant, J.W.A. 2008. Multiple central-place territories in wild young-of-the-year Atlantic salmon Salmo salar. J. Anim. Ecol. 77(3): 448-457. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2656.2008. 01360.x. PMID:18248384.
41. Steingrímsson, S. Ó., and Grant, J.W.A. 2011. Determinants of multiple central-place territory use in wild young-of-the-year Atlantic salmon Salmo salar. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 65(2): 275-286. doi:10.1007/s00265-010-1042-9.
42. Tunney, T.D. 2008. Foraging mode of wild salmonids in Icelandic streams. M. Sc. thesis, Department of Biology, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland.
43. Valdimarsson, S.K., and Metcalfe, N.B. 2001. Is the level of aggression and dispersion in territorial fish dependent on light intensity? Anim. Behav. 61(6): 1143-1149. doi:10.1006/anbe. 2001.1710.
44. Venter, O., Grant, J.W.A., Noel, M.V., and Kim, J.W. 2008. Mechanisms underlying the increase in young-of-the-year Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) density with habitat complexity. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 65(9): 1956-1964. doi:10.1139/F08-106.
45. Verwaijen, D., and Van Darnme, R. 2008. Wide home ranges for widely foraging lizards. Zoology, 111(1): 37-47. doi:10.1016/j. zool.2007.04.001. PMID:17997294.