Towards the conservation of crucian carp Carassius carassius: Understanding the extent and causes of decline within part of its native English range

Journal of Fish Biology

Volumn 79, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 1608-1624

  Sayer, C D ^a   Copp, G H ^b,c,d   Emson, D ^a   Godard, M J ^d   Zieba, G ^d,e   Wesley, K J ^f  

^a UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b BOURNEMOUTH UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^c TRENT UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^d CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENT   (United Kingdom)

^e UNIVERSITY OF LODZ   (Poland)

^f Bedwell Fisheries Services   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Anoxia; Common carp; Goldfish; Habitat degradation; Hybridization; Pond rehabilitation

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL; ARTICLE; BODY SIZE; CARP; ECOSYSTEM; ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION; HUMAN; POPULATION DENSITY; UNITED KINGDOM; VALIDATION STUDY;

ANIMALS; BODY SIZE; CARPS; CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES; ECOSYSTEM; ENGLAND; HUMANS; POPULATION DENSITY;

CARASSIUS; CARASSIUS AURATUS; CARASSIUS CARASSIUS; CYPRINIDAE; CYPRINUS CARPIO; ESOX LUCIUS;

EID: 82955249289     PISSN: 00221112     EISSN: 10958649     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2011.03059.x     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Balon, E. K. (1995). Origin and domestication of the wild carp, Cyprinus carpio, from Roman gourmets to the swimming flowers. Aquaculture 129, 3-48.
2. Carrel, G. (2002). Prospecting for historical fish data from the Rhone River basin: a contribution to the assessment of reference condition. Archiv für Hydrobiologie 155, 273-290.
3. Conservators of Epping Forest. (2002). Epping Forest Annual Report of the Superintendent for 2001/2002. Loughton: Corporation of London.
4. Copp, G. H. (1990). Effect of regulation on 0+ fish recruitment in the Great Ouse, a lowland river. Regulated Rivers: Research & Management 5, 251-263.
5. Copp, G. H. (1991). Typology of aquatic habitats in the Great Ouse, a small regulated lowland river. Regulated Rivers: Research Management 6, 125-134.
6. Copp, G. H., Wesley, K. J. & Vilizzi, L. (2005). Pathways of ornamental and aquarium fish introductions into urban ponds of Epping Forest (London, England): the human vector. Journal of Applied Ichthyology 21, 263-274.
7. Copp, G. H., Warrington, S. & Wesley, K. J. (2008). Management of an ornamental pond as a conservation site for a threatened native fish species, crucian carp Carassius carassius. Hydrobiologia 597, 149-155.
8. Davies, B., Biggs, J., Williams, P. & Thompson, S. (2009). Making agricultural landscapes more sustainable for freshwater biodiversity: a case study from southern England. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 19, 439-447.
9. Doubleday, H. A. & Page, W. (Eds) (1901). The Victoria History of the County of Norfolk. London: Westminster.
10. Ellis, E. A. (1965). The Broads. London: Collins Books.
11. Environment Agency. (2003). Crucian Carp Field Guide. Bristol: National Coarse Fish Centre, Environment Agency.
12. Hänfling, B., Bolton, P., Harley, M. & Carvalho, G. R. (2005). A molecular approach to detect hybridisation between crucian carp (Carassius carassius) and non indigenous carp species (Carassius spp. and Cyprinus carpio). Freshwater Biology 50, 403-417.
13. Hickley, P. & Chare, S. (2004). Fisheries for non-native species in England: angling or the environment? Fisheries Management & Ecology 11, 203-212.
14. Holopainen, I. J. & Ikari, A. (1992). Ecophysiological effects of temporary acidification on crucian carp, Carassius carassius (L.): a case history of a forest pond in eastern Finland. Annales Zoologici Fennici 29, 29-38.
15. Holopainen, I. J., Tonn, W. M. & Paszkowski, T. C. (1997). Tales of two fish: the dichotomous biology of crucian carp (Carassius carassius (L.)) in Northern Europe. Annales Zoologica Fennici 34, 1-22.
16. IUCN. (1987). The IUCN Position Statement on Translocation of Living Organisms: Introductions, Re-introductions, and Re-stocking. Gland: IUCN.
17. Karr, J. R. (1981). Assessment of biotic integrity using fish communities. Fisheries 6, 21-27.
18. Marlborough, D. (1967). Some studies on common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) and crucian carp (Carassius carassius L.) in a small Middlesex pond. London Naturalist 46, 76-81.
19. Masson, L., Almeida, D., Tarkan, A. S., Önsoy, B. Miranda, R., Godard, M. J. & Copp, G. H. (2011). Diagnostic features and biometry of head bones for identifying Carassius species in faecal and archaeological remains. Journal of Applied Ichthyology (in press). doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0426.2011.01869.x.
20. Navodaru, I., Buijse, A. D. & Staras, M. (2002). Effects of hydrology and water quality on the fish community in Danube delta lakes. International Review of Hydrobiology 87, 329-348.
21. Oertli, B., Joye, D. A., Castella, E., Juge, R., Cambin, D. & Lachavanne, J.-B. (2002). Does size matter? The relationship between pond area and biodiversity. Biological Conservation 104, 59-70.
22. Patterson, A. H. (1905). Nature in Eastern Norfolk. London: Methuen & Co.
23. Penttinen, O.-P. & Holopainen, I. J. (1992). Seasonal feeding activity and ontogenetic dietary shifts in crucian carp, Carassius carassius. Environmental Biology of Fishes 33, 215-221.
24. Pettersson, L. B. & Brönmark, C. (1997). Density-dependent costs of an inducible morphological defence in crucian carp. Ecology 78, 1805-1815.
25. Prince, H. C. (1962). Pits and ponds in Norfolk. Erdkunde 16, 10-31.
26. Prince, H. C. (1964). The origin of pits and depressions in Norfolk. Geography 49, 15-32.
27. Roberts, J. & Sainty, G. (1996). Listening to the Lachlan. Potts Point: Geoff Sainty & Associates:.
28. Schmutz, S., Cowx, I. G., Haidvogl, G. & Pont, D. (2007). Fish-based methods for assessing European running waters: a synthesis. Fisheries Management & Ecology 14, 369-380.
29. Schwevers, U., Adam, B. & Gumpinger, C. (1999). Zur Bedeutung von Auegewässern für die Fischfauna von Bundeswasserstraßen. Wasser und Boden 51, 35-39.
30. Smartt, J. (2007). A possible genetic basis for species replacement: preliminary results of interspecific hybridisation between native crucian carp Carassius carassius (L.) and introduced goldfish Carassius auratus (L.). Aquatic Invasions 2, 59-62.
31. Steiner, E. (1988). Teichwirtschaft und Naturschutz. Österreichs Fisherei 41, 142-149 (English summary).
32. Tarkan, A. S., Copp, G. H., Zicheckeba, G., Godard, M. J. & Cucherousset, J. (2009). Growth and reproduction of threatened native crucian carp Carassius carassius in small ponds of Epping Forest, south-east England. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 19, 797-805. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2400.2011.00791.x.
33. Tarkan, A. S., Gaygusuz, O., Godard, M. J. & Copp, G. H. (2011). Density-dependent basis of long-term growth patterns in a pond-dwelling population of crucian carp Carassius carassius. Fisheries Management & Ecology (in press). doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2400.2011.00791.x.
34. Tonn, W. M., Paszkowski, C. A. & Holopainen, I. J. (1992). Piscivory and recruitment: mechanisms structuring prey populations in small lakes. Ecology 73, 951-958.
35. UK Biodiversity Group. (1998). UK Biodiversity Group Tranche 2 Action Plans, Vol. 1. London: HMSO.
36. +- ATPase activity in the brain of crucian carp. American Journal of Physiology 291, R1482-R1489.
37. Wheeler, A. C. (1977). The origin and distribution of the freshwater fishes of the British Isles. Journal of Biogeography 4, 1-24.
38. Wheeler, A. C. (1981). Crucian carp. New Fisherman's Handbook - The Marshall Cavendish Guide in Weekly Parts 20, 544-550.
39. Wheeler, A. C. (1998). Ponds and fishes in Epping Forest, Essex. London Naturalist 77, 10-146.
40. Wheeler, A. C. (2000). Status of the crucian carp, Carassius carassius (L.) in the UK. Fisheries Management and Ecology 7, 315-322.
41. Williams, P., Whitfield, M., Biggs, J., Bray, S., Fox, G., Nicolet, P. & Sear, D. (2003). Comparative biodiversity of rivers, streams, ditches and ponds in an agricultural landscape in Southern England. Biological Conservation 115, 329-341.
42. Couchman, M. (2000). An investigation into the aquatic interactions and preferred feeding habits of the crucian carp (Carassius carassius (L.)) within Drakes Reservoir. Final-year Research dissertation. Available at.
43. Copp, G. H. & Sayer, C. D. (2010). Norfolk Biodiversity Action Plan-Local Species Action Plan for Crucian Carp (Carassius carassius). Norfolk Biodiversity Partnership Reference: LS/3. Lowestoft, Suffolk: Centre for Environment, Fisheries & Aquaculture Science. Available at.
44. English Nature. (1997). North Norfolk. Natural Area Profile (NA 47). Peterborough: English Nature. Available at.
45. Environment Agency. (2008). Bite size news: pure crucian population. In Angle - for Anglers Living in the Anglian Region, p. 15. Bristol: Environment Agency. Available at.
46. Lambeth Borough Council. (2006). The crucian carp. In Biodiversity Action Plan, Lambeth Parks & Greenspaces, pp. 52-54. London: Borough of Lambeth. Available at.