Source apportionment of the ambient PM2.5 across St. Louis using constrained positive matrix factorization

Atmospheric Environment

Volumn 46, Issue , 2012, Pages 329-337

  Amato, Fulvio ^a,b   Hopke, Philip K ^c  

^a INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND WATER RESEARCH   (Spain)

^b TNO   (Netherlands)

^c CLARKSON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

CPF; Multilinear Engine; Physical constraints; PMF; Rotational control; Target Transformation

Indexed keywords

CPF; EMISSION SOURCES; IF THERE ARE; MONITORING SITES; MULTIPLE SAMPLING; NEW SOLUTIONS; PHYSICAL CONSTRAINTS; PMF; POSITIVE MATRIX FACTORIZATION; RECEPTOR MODEL; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; SOURCE CONTRIBUTIONS; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; URBAN AREAS;

CHEMICAL SPECIATION; FACTORIZATION; METADATA;

MATRIX ALGEBRA;

COPPER; LEAD; STEEL; ZINC;

ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION; DATA SET; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; IDENTIFICATION METHOD; MATRIX; NUMERICAL MODEL; PARTICULATE MATTER; POLLUTANT SOURCE; SPATIAL VARIATION; SPECIATION (CHEMISTRY); TRANSFORMATION;

ARTICLE; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; COMPUTER PROGRAM; CONCENTRATION (PARAMETERS); PARTICULATE MATTER; PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY; POSITIVE MATRIX FACTORIZATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; UNITED STATES;

MISSOURI; SAINT LOUIS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 82955203149     PISSN: 13522310     EISSN: 18732844     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.09.062     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Alpert D.J., Hopke P.K. A Determination of the sources of airborne particles collected during the regional air pollution study. Atmospheric Environment 1981, 15:675-687.
2. Amato F., Pandolfi M., Escrig A., Querol X., Alastuey A., Pey J., Perez N., Hopke P.K. Quantifying road dust resuspension in urban environment by Multilinear Engine: a comparison with PMF2. Atmospheric Environment 2009, 43:2770-2780.
3. Chow J.C., Watson J.G., Chen L.-W.A., Arnott W.P., Moosmüller H., Fung K.K. Equivalence of elemental carbon by thermal/optical reflectance and transmittance with different temperature protocols. Environmental Science Technology 2004, 38:4414-4422.
4. Efron B., Tibshirani R. Bootstrap methods for standard errors, confidence intervals, and other measures of statistical accuracy. Statistical Science 1986, 1:54-75.
5. Escrig A., Monfort E., Celades I., Querol X., Amato F., Minguillón M.C., Hopke P.K. Application of optimally scaled target factor analysis for assessing source contribution of ambient PM10. Journal of Air and Waste Management Association 2009, 59:1296-1307.
6. Hestenes M.R., Stiefel E. Methods of conjugate gradients for solving linear systems. Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards 1952, 49:6. Research Paper 2379.
7. Jang M., Lee S., Kamens R.M. Organic aerosol growth by acid-catalyzed heterogeneous reactions of octanal in a flow reactor. Atmospheric Environment 2003, 37:2125-2138.
8. Jeong C.H., Hopke P.K., Kim E., Lee D.W. The Comparison between thermal-optical transmittance elemental carbon and aethalometer black carbon measured at multiple monitoring sites. Atmospheric Environment 2004, 38:5193-5204.
9. Kidwell C.B., Ondov J.M. Development and evaluation of a prototype system for collecting sub-hourly ambient aerosol for chemical analysis. Aerosol Science and Technology 2001, 35:596-601.
10. Kidwell C.B., Ondov J.M. Elemental analysis of subhourly ambient aerosol collections. Aerosol Science and Technology 2004, 38:205-218.
11. Kim E., Hopke P.K. Source apportionment of fine particles at Washington, DC utilizing temperature resolved carbon fractions. Journal of Air and Waste Management Association 2004, 54:773-785.
12. Kim E., Hopke P.K. Improving source identification of Fine particles in a Rural Northeastern U.S. Area utilizing temperature resolved carbon fractions. Journal of Geophysical Research 2004, 109:D09204.
13. Kim E., Hopke P.K. Source identifications of airborne fine particles using positive matrix factorization and U.S. Environmental Protection agency positive matrix factorization. Journal of Air and Waste Management Association 2007, 57:811-819.
14. Kim E., Hopke P.K., Edgerton E.S. Improving source identification of Atlanta aerosol using temperature resolved carbon fractions in positive matrix factorization. Atmospheric Environment 2004, 38(20):3349-3362.
15. Kim E., Larson T.V., Hopke P.K., Slaughter C., Sheppard L.E., Claiborn C. Source identification of PM2.5 in an arid Northwest U.S. City by positive matrix factorization. Atmospheric Research 2003, 66(4):291-305.
16. 2.5 in St. Louis, MO using speciation trends network data. Atmospheric Environment 2006, 40(Suppl. 2):360-377.
17. Lee J.H., Hopke P.K., Turner J.R. Source identification of airborne PM2.5 at the St. Louis-Midwest Supersite. Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres 2006, 111(10):D10S10.
18. Paatero P. Least squares formulation of robust non-negative factor analysis. Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems 1997, 37(1):23-35.
19. Paatero P. The Multilinear Engine-a table-driven least squares program for solving multilinear problems, including the n-way parallel factor analysis model. Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics 1999, 8:854-888.
20. Paatero P., Hopke P.K., Song X., Ramadan Z. Understanding and controlling rotations in factor analytic models. Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems 2002, 60(1-2):253-264.
21. Paatero P., Hopke P.K. Rotational tools for factor analytic models. Journal of Chemometrics 2009, 23(2):91-100.
22. Schauer J.J., Lough G.C., Shafer M.M., Christensen W.F., Arndt M.F., DeMinter J.T., Park J.-S. Characterization of metals emitted from motor vehicles. Health Effects Institute 2006.
23. Tukey J.W. Bias and confidence in not-quite large samples (Abstract). Annals of Mathematical Statistics 1958, 29:614.
24. The Benefits and Costs of the Clean Air Act 1990 to 2010 1999, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air and Radiation, Report No. EPA-410-R-99-001, November 1999.
25. Weber R.J., Orsini D., Daun Y., Lee Y.-N., Klotz P.J., Brechtel F. A particle-into-liquid collector for rapid measurement of aerosol bulk composition. Aerosol Science and Technology 2001, 35:718-727.
26. Zhao W., Hopke P.K., Zhou L. Spatial distribution of source locations for particulate nitrate and sulfate in the upper-midwestern United States. Atmospheric Environment 2007, 41:1831-1847.
27. Zhou L., Kim E., Hopke P.K., Stanier C., Pandis S. Advanced factor analysis on Pittsburgh particle size distribution data. Aerosol Science and Technology 2004, 38(S1):118-132.
28. Zhou L., Hopke P.K., Paatero P., Ondov J.M., Pancras J.P., Pekney N.J., Davidson C.I. Advanced factor analysis for multiple time resolution aerosol composition data. Atmospheric Environment 2004, 38:4909-4920.