Chronic antagonism of the mineralocorticoid receptor ameliorates hypertension and end organ damage in a rodent model of salt-sensitive hypertension

Clinical and Experimental Hypertension

Volumn 33, Issue 8, 2011, Pages 538-547

  Zhou, Xiaoyan ^a   Crook, Martin F ^a   Sharif Rodriguez, Wanda ^a   Zhu, Yonghua ^a   Ruben, Zadok ^b   Pan, Yi ^a   Urosevic Price, Olga ^a   Wang, Li ^a   Flattery, Amy M ^a   Forrest, Gail ^a   Szeto, Daphne ^a   Zhao, Huawei ^a   Roy, Sophie ^a   Forrest, Michael J ^a  

^a MERCK RESEARCH LABORATORIES   (United States)

^b Patoximed Consultants   (United States)

Author keywords

dahl salt sensitive rats; end organ protection; eplerenone; hypertension; Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist

Indexed keywords

ALDOSTERONE; BIOLOGICAL MARKER; CHLORIDE; COLLAGEN; CREATININE; EPLERENONE; KIDNEY INJURY MOLECULE 1; MINERALOCORTICOID RECEPTOR; NEUTROPHIL GELATINASE ASSOCIATED LIPOCALIN; OSTEOPONTIN; POTASSIUM; RENAL PAPILLARY ANTIGEN 1; SODIUM; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ALDOSTERONE BLOOD LEVEL; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE ACTIVITY; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE THERAPY; ARTICLE; BLOOD PRESSURE REGULATION; CHLORIDE BLOOD LEVEL; CHLORIDE URINE LEVEL; CHRONIC DRUG ADMINISTRATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; CREATININE BLOOD LEVEL; CREATININE URINE LEVEL; DAHL SALT SENSITIVE RAT; DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; DRUG RECEPTOR BINDING; DRUG URINE LEVEL; GLOMERULOPATHY; HEART RATE; HISTOPATHOLOGY; HYPERTENSION; KIDNEY BLOOD VESSEL; KIDNEY INJURY; KIDNEY INTERSTITIUM; KIDNEY TUBULE DISORDER; MALE; NONHUMAN; POTASSIUM BLOOD LEVEL; POTASSIUM URINE LEVEL; PROTEINURIA; RAT; RENAL PROTECTION; SALT INTAKE; SODIUM BLOOD LEVEL; SODIUM URINE LEVEL; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; URINARY EXCRETION;

ALDOSTERONE; ALDOSTERONE ANTAGONISTS; ANIMALS; BLOOD PRESSURE; CHRONIC DISEASE; CREATININE; DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL; DISEASE PROGRESSION; ELECTROLYTES; HEART RATE; HYPERTENSION, RENAL; KIDNEY; MALE; ORGAN SIZE; RATS; RATS, INBRED DAHL; RECEPTORS, MINERALOCORTICOID; SODIUM CHLORIDE, DIETARY; SPIRONOLACTONE;

EID: 82455212598     PISSN: 10641963     EISSN: 15256006     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3109/10641963.2011.566956     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Weber KT, Brilla CG. Pathological hypertrophy and cardiac interstitium. Fibrosis and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Circulation 1991; 83:1849-1865.
2. Tomaschitz A, Pilz S, Ritz E, Obermayer-Pietsch B, Pieber TR. Aldosterone and arterial hypertension. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2010;6:83-93.
3. Marney AM, Brown NJ. Aldosterone and end-organ damage. Clin Sci (Lond) 2007;113:267-278. (Pubitemid 47372685)
4. Bayorh MA, Mann G, Walton M, Eatman D. Effects of enalapril, tempol, and eplerenone on salt-induced hypertension in dahl salt-sensitive rats. Clin Exp Hypertens 2006;28:121-132. (Pubitemid 43287643)
5. Blasi ER, Rocha R, Rudolph AE, Blomme EA, Polly ML, McMahon EG. Aldosterone/salt induces renal inflammation and fibrosis in hypertensive rats. Kidney Int 2003;63: 1791-1800. (Pubitemid 36513325)
6. Endemann DH, Touyz RM, Iglarz M, Savoia C, Schiffrin EL. Eplerenone prevents salt-induced vascular remodeling and cardiac fibrosis in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hypertension 2004; 43:1252-1257. (Pubitemid 38691747)
7. Nagase M, Shibata S, Yoshida S, Nagase T, Gotoda T, Fujita T. Podocyte injury underlies the glomerulopathy of Dahl salt-hypertensive rats and is reversed by aldosterone blocker. Hypertension 2006;47:1084-1093. (Pubitemid 44289165)
8. Du J, Fan YY, Hitomi H, Kiyomoto H, Kimura S, Kong CZ, Noma T, Kohno M, Nishiyama A, Nakano D. Mineralocorticoid receptor blockade and calcium channel blockade have different renoprotective effects on glomerular and interstitial injury in rats. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2009;297:F802-F808.
9. WeinbergerMH, Roniker B, Krause SL,Weiss RJ. Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, in mild-to-moderate hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2002;15: 709-716. (Pubitemid 34804277)
10. Krum H, Nolly H, Workman D, He W, Roniker B, Krause S, Fakouhi K. Efficacy of eplerenone added to renin-angiotensin blockade in hypertensive patients. Hypertension 2002;40: 117-123. (Pubitemid 34840085)
11. White WB, Duprez D, St Hillaire R, Krause S, Roniker B, Kuse-Hamilton J, Weber MA. Effects of the selective aldosterone blocker eplerenone versus the calcium antagonist amlodipine in systolic hypertension. Hypertension 2003;41:1021-1026. (Pubitemid 36548598)
12. Brandish PE, Forest TW, Chen H, Gatto NT, Molon-Noblot S, Zwierzynski I, Szczerba P, Adamson GE, Ma BK, Flores OA, Hershey JC. Eplerenone Decreases Inflammatory Foci in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat Hearts With Minimal Effects on Blood Pressure. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2009;53:44-51.
13. Zhou X, Ono H, Ono Y, Frohlich ED. Aldosterone antagonism ameliorates proteinuria and nephrosclerosis independent of glomerular dynamics in L-NAME/SHR model. Am J Nephrol 2004;24:242-249. (Pubitemid 38456635)
14. Ohtani T, Ohta M, Yamamoto K, Mano T, Sakata Y, Nishio M, Takeda Y, Yoshida J, Miwa T, Okamoto M, Masuyama T, Nonaka Y, Hori M. Elevated cardiac tissue level of aldosterone and mineralocorticoid receptor in diastolic heart failure: Beneficial effects of mineralocorticoid receptor blocker. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2007;292: R946-R954. (Pubitemid 46207752)
15. Nagata K, Obata K, Xu J, Ichihara S, Noda A, Kimata H, Kato T, Izawa H, Murohara T, Yokota M. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism attenuates cardiac hypertrophy and failure in low-aldosterone hypertensive rats. Hypertension 2006;47(4):656-664. (Pubitemid 43740235)
16. Pitt B, Reichek N, Willenbrock R, Zannad F, Phillips RA, Roniker B, Kleiman J, Krause S, Burns D, Williams GH. Effects of eplerenone, enalapril, and eplerenone/enalapril in patients with essential hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy: The 4E-left ventricular hypertrophy study. Circulation 2003;108:1831-1838. (Pubitemid 37296092)
17. Pitt B, Remme W, Zannad F, Neaton J, Martinez F, Roniker B, Bittman R, Hurley S, Kleiman J, Gatlin M; Eplerenone Post-Acute Myocardial Infarction Heart Failure Efficacy and Survival Study Investigators. Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 2003;348: 1309-1321. (Pubitemid 36384098)
18. Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health, 2003.
19. World Health Organization (WHO). World Health Report 2002: Reducing risks, promoting healthy life. Geneva: WHO, 2002.
20. Weinberger MH. Salt sensitivity of blood pressure in humans. Hypertension 1996;27:481-490. (Pubitemid 26084617)
21. Luft FC. Molecular genetics of salt-sensitivity and hypertension. Drug Metab Dispos 2001;29:500-504. (Pubitemid 32275524)
22. Rodriguez-Iturbe B, Vaziri ND. Salt-sensitive hypertension- update on novel findings. Nep Physiol Rev 2005;85: 679-715.
23. Meneton P, Jeunemaitre X, de Wardener HE, MacGregor GA. Links between dietary salt intake, renal salt handling, blood pressure, and cardiovascular diseases. Physiol Rev 2005;85:679-715. (Pubitemid 40404639)
24. Cowley AWJr. The genetic dissection of essential hypertension. Nat Rev Genet 2006;7:829-840.
25. Fujita T. Aldosterone in salt-sensitive hypertension and metabolic syndrome. J Mol Med 2008;86:729-734.
26. Roman RJ. Abnormal renal hemodynamics and pressurenatriuresis relationship in Dahl salt-sensitive rats. Am J Physiol 1986;251:F57-F65.
27. Liang M, Yuan B, Rute E, Greene AS, Olivier M, Cowley AW Jr. Insights into Dahl salt-sensitive hypertension revealed by temporal patterns of renal medullary gene expression. Physiol Genomics 2003;12:229-237. (Pubitemid 37139702)
28. Hayakawa H, Coffee K, Raij L. Endothelial dysfunction and cardiorenal injury in experimental salt-sensitive hypertension: Effects of antihypertensive therapy. Circulation 1997;96: 2407-2413.
29. Meng S, Cason GW, Gannon AW, Racusen LC, Manning RD Jr. Oxidative stress in Dahl salt-sensitive hypertension. Hypertension 2003;41:1346-1352. (Pubitemid 36706088)
30. Gu JW, Tian N, Shparago M, Tan W, Bailey AP, Manning RD Jr. Renal NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha upregulation correlate with salt-sensitive hypertension in Dahl salt-sensitive rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2006;291:R1817-R1824. (Pubitemid 44904151)
31. Ozer JS, Dieterle F, Troth S, Perentes E, Cordier A, Verdes P, Staedtler F, Mahl A, Grenet O, Roth DR, Wahl D, Legay F, Holder D, Erdos Z, Vlasakova K, Jin H, Yu Y, Muniappa N, Forest T, Clouse HK, Reynolds S, Bailey WJ, Thudium DT, Topper MJ, Skopek TR, Sina JF, Glaab WE, Vonderscher J, Maurer G, Chibout SD, Sistare FD, Gerhold DL. A panel of urinary biomarkers to monitor reversibility of renal injury and a serum marker with improved potential to assess renal function. Nat Biotechnol 2010;28:486-494.
32. Crowley SD, Vasievich MP, Ruiz P, Gould SK, Parsons KK, Pazmino AK, Facemire C, Chen BJ, Kim HS, Tran TT, Pisetsky DS, Barisoni L, Prieto-Carrasquero MC, Jeansson M, Foster MH, Coffman TM. Glomerular type 1 angiotensin receptors augment kidney injury and inflammation in murine autoimmune nephritis. J Clin Invest 2009;119: 943-953.
33. Kurtz TW, Griffin KA, Bidani AK, Davisson RL, Hall JE; Subcommittee of Professional and Public Education of the American Heart Association. Recommendations for blood pressure measurement in humans and experimental manimals. Part 2: Blood pressure measurement in experimental animals: A statement for professionals from the subcommittee of professional and public education of the American Heart Association council on high blood pressure research. Hypertension 2005;45:299-310. (Pubitemid 40179976)
34. Hood SJ, Taylor KP, Ashby MJ, Brown MJ. The spironolactone, amiloride, losartan, and thiazide (SALT) doubleblind crossover trial in patients with low-renin hypertension and elevated aldosterone-renin ratio. Circulation 2007;116: 268-275. (Pubitemid 47196562)
35. Huang BS, Van Vliet BN, Leenen FH. Increases in CSF [Na+] precede the increases in blood pressure in Dahl S rats and SHR on a high-salt diet. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2004;287:H1160-H1166. (Pubitemid 39096661)
36. Gomez-Sanchez EP, Fort C, Thwaites D. Central mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism blocks hypertension in Dahl S/JR rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 1992;262: E96-E99.
37. Brown NJ. Eplerenone: cardiovascular protection. Circulation 2003;107:2512-2518. (Pubitemid 36605237)
38. Sterzel RB, Luft FC, Gao Y, Schnermann J, Briggs JP, Ganten D, Waldherr R, Schnabel E, Kriz W. Renal disease and the development of hypertension in salt-sensitive Dahl rats. Kidney Int 1988;33:1119-1129.
39. Dluhy RG, Williams GH. Aldosterone-villain or bystander? N Engl J Med 2004;351:8-10.
40. Bayorh MA, Ganafa AA, Emmett N, Socci RR, Eatman D, Fridie IL. Alterations in aldosterone and angiotensin II levels in salt-induced hypertension. Clin Exp Hypertens 2005;27: 355-367. (Pubitemid 40686601)
41. Hilfenhaus M. Circadian rhythm of the renin-angiotensinaldosterone system in the rat. Arch Toxicol 1976;36:305-316. (Pubitemid 8007225)
42. Gomez-Sanchez C, Holland OB, Higgins JR, Kem DC, Kaplan NM. Circadian rhythms of serum renin activity and serum corticosterone, prolactin, and aldosterone concentrations in the male rat on normal and low-sodium diets. Endocrinology 1976;99: 567-572.
43. Ryoyu T, Isamu M, Ikeda Masatoshi I, Hideo K, Yoshiyu T, Shuichiro Y, Morise Toshio M, Hiroaki T. Circadian rhythm of plasma aldosterone and time dependent alterations of aldosterone regulators. J Steroid Biochemistry 1984;20: s321-323.
44. Hurwitz S, Cohen RJ,Williams GH. Diurnal variation of aldosterone and plasma renin activity: Timing relation to melatonin and cortisol and consistency after prolonged bed rest. J Appl Physiol 2004;96:1406-1414. (Pubitemid 38392678)
45. Weir, M, Rolfe, M: Potassium homeostasis and reninangiotensin- aldosterone system inhibitors. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2010;5:531-548.