Mortality in brazilian children with HIV/AIDS: The role of Non-AIDS-related conditions after highly active antiretroviral therapy introduction

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

Volumn 25, Issue 12, 2011, Pages 713-718

  Ramos, Alberto Novaes ^a   Matida, Luiza Harunari ^b   Hearst, Norman ^c   Heukelbach, Jorg ^a  

^a FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF CEARÁ   (Brazil)

^b STD/AIDS State Program   (Brazil)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; ARTICLE; BRAZIL; CAUSE OF DEATH; DEATH CERTIFICATE; HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MORTALITY;

ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY, HIGHLY ACTIVE; BRAZIL; CAUSE OF DEATH; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; CONFIDENCE INTERVALS; DEATH CERTIFICATES; HIV INFECTIONS; HUMANS; ODDS RATIO; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 82455210311     PISSN: 10872914     EISSN: 15577449     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1089/apc.2011.0044     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Violari A, Cotton MF, Gibb DM, et al. Early antiretroviral therapy and mortality among HIV-infected infants. N Engl J Med 2008;359:2233-2244.
2. Hazra R, Siberry GK, Mofenson LM. Growing up with HIV: Children, adolescents, and young adults with perinatally acquired HIV infection. Annu Rev Med 2010;61:169-185.
3. Nachman SA, Chernoff M, Gona P, et al. Incidence of noninfectious conditions in perinatally HIV-infected children and adolescents in the HAART era. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2009;163:164-171.
4. Mellins CA, Brackis-Cott E, Leu CS, et al. Rates and types of psychiatric disorders in perinatally human immunodeficiency virus-infected youth and seroreverters. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2009;50:1131-1138.
5. Andiman WA, Chernoff MC, Mitchell C, et al. Incidence of persistent renal dysfunction in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children: Associations with the use of antiretrovirals, and other nephrotoxic medications and risk factors. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2009;28:619-625.
6. de Sa-Filho DJ, de Arruda Souza T, Golegã AA, et al. Longterm HIV-1 suppression in the Brazilian public health system. AIDS Patient Care STDs 2009;23:313-314.
7. Sucupira MC, Caseiro MM, Alves K, et al. High levels of primary antiretroviral resistance genotypic mutations and B/F recombinants in Santos, Brazil. AIDS Patient Care STDs 2007;21:116-128. (Pubitemid 46394455)
8. Fonseca MG, Bastos FI. Twenty-five years of the AIDS epidemic in Brazil: principal epidemiological findings, 1980- 2005. Cad Saude Publica 2007;23(Suppl 3):S333-344.
9. Hacker MA, Kaida A, Hogg RS, Bastos FI. The first ten years: achievements and challenges of the Brazilian program of universal access to HIV/AIDS comprehensive management and care, 1996-2006. Cad Saude Publica 2007;23(Suppl 3):S345-359.
10. Matida LH, Ramos Jr AN, Heukelbach J, et al. Improving survival in children with AIDS in Brazil: results of the second national study, 1999-2002. Cad Saude Publica 2011;27(Suppl 1):S93-S103.
11. Matida LH, Ramos Jr AN, Heukelbach J, Hearst N. Continuing improvement in survival for children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in Brazil. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2009;28:920-922.
12. Ishitani L, Franca E. The use of multiple causes of death in public health. Inf Epidemiol SUS 2001;10:163-175.
13. Brazilian Ministry of Health. Informatics Department of the SUS (DATASUS). Mortality database. http://tabnet.datasus .gov.br/tabdata/sim/dados/ cid10-indice.htm (Last accessed March 26, 2011).
14. Pacheco AG, Tuboi SH, Faulhaber JC, Harrison LH, Schechter M. Increase in non-AIDS related conditions as causes of death among HIV-infected individuals in the HAART era in Brazil. PLoS One 2008;3:e1531.
15. Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Population Database http://tabnet.datasus.gov.br/cgi/deftohtm.exe? ibge/cnv/popuf.def (Last accessed March 26, 2011).
16. Brady MT, Oleske JM, Williams PL, et al. Declines in mortality rates and changes in causes of death in HIV-1-infected children during the HAART era. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2010;53:86-94.
17. Patel K, Hernan MA, Williams PL, et al. Long-term effectiveness of highly active antiretroviral therapy on the survival of children and adolescents with HIV infection: A 10-year follow-up study. Clin Infect Dis 2008;46:507-515. (Pubitemid 351263487)
18. Chiappini E, Galli L, Tovo PA, et al. Changing patterns of clinical events in perinatally HIV-1-infected children during the era of HAART. Aids 2007;21:1607-1615. (Pubitemid 47075482)
19. Palladino C, Bellon JM, Jarrin I, et al. Impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on AIDS and death in a cohort of vertically HIV type 1-infected children: 1980-2006. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2009;25:1091-1097.
20. Gortmaker SL, Hughes M, Cervia J, et al. Effect of combination therapy including protease inhibitors on mortality among children and adolescents infected with HIV-1. N Engl J Med 2001;345:1522-1528. (Pubitemid 33144917)
21. de Martino M, Tovo PA, Balducci M, et al. Reduction in mortality with availability of antiretroviral therapy for children with perinatal HIV-1 infection. Italian Register for HIV Infection in Children and the Italian National AIDS Registry. JAMA 2000;284:190-197. (Pubitemid 30460862)
22. Sauvageot D. Schaefer M. Olson D. Pujades-Rodriguez M. O'Brien D.P. Antiretroviral therapy outcomes in resourcelimited settings for HIV-infected children < 5 years of age Pediatrics 2010 125 e1039-e1047
23. Brazilian Ministry of Health. Health Surveillance Secretariat. STS, AIDS, and Viral Hepatits Department. Targets and Commitments made by Member-States at the United Nations General Assembly Special Session on HIV/AIDS UNGASS- HIV/AIDS: Brazilian Response 2008/2009. Country Progress Report. Brasilia, Brazil. MS 2010. http://data .unaids.org/pub/Report/2010/brazil-2010-country- progress- report-en.pdf (Last accessed March 26, 2011).
24. Ministério da Saú de. Secretaria de Vigilâ ncia em Saú de. Departamento Nacional de DST, Aids e Hepatites Virais. Boletim Epidemioló gico AIDS-DST. Brasília, Brazil: 2010.
25. Menezes Succi RC. Mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Brazil during the years 2000 and 2001: Results of a multicentric study. Cad Saude Publica 2007;23(Suppl 3):S379-389.
26. Ramos Jr AN, Matida LH, Saraceni V, Veras MA, Pontes RJ. Control of mother-to-child transmission of infectious diseases in Brazil: Progress in HIV/AIDS and failure in congenital syphilis. Cad Saude Publica 2007;23(Suppl 3):S370-378.
27. Redelings MD, Sorvillo F, Simon P. A comparison of underlying cause and multiple causes of death: US vital statistics, 2000-2001. Epidemiology 2006;17:100-103.
28. Matida LH, Ramos Jr AN, Moncau JE, et al. AIDS by mother-to-child transmission: Survival analysis of cases followed from 1983 to 2002 in different regions of Brazil. Cad Saude Publica 2007;23(Suppl 3):S435-444.
29. Ramos Jr AN, Matida LH, Hearst N, Heukelbach J. AIDS in Brazilian Children: History, surveillance, antiretroviraltherapy and epidmiological transition, 1984-2008. AIDS Pat Care STDs 2011; 25:245-255.
30. Palella FJ, Jr., Baker RK, Moorman AC, et al. Mortality in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era: Changing causes of death and disease in the HIV outpatient study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2006;43:27-34. (Pubitemid 44306484)
31. Chiappini E, Galli L, Tovo PA, et al. Five-year follow-up of children with perinatal HIV-1 infection receiving early highly active antiretroviral therapy. BMC Infect Dis 2009;9:140.
32. Gona P, Van Dyke RB, Williams PL, et al. Incidence of opportunistic and other infections in HIV-infected children in the HAART era. JAMA 2006;296:292-300. (Pubitemid 44079313)
33. Judd A, Doerholt K, Tookey PA, et al. Morbidity, mortality, and response to treatment by children in the United Kingdom and Ireland with perinatally acquired HIV infection during 1996-2006: Planning for teenage and adult care. Clin Infect Dis 2007;45:918-924. (Pubitemid 47580389)
34. Candiani TM, Pinto J, Cardoso CA, et al. Impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on the incidence of opportunistic infections, hospitalizations and mortality among children and adolescents living with HIV/AIDS in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Cad Saude Publica 2007;23(Suppl 3):S414-423.
35. Redelings MD, Sorvillo F, Simon P. A comparison of underlying cause and multiple causes of death: US vital statistics, 2000-2001. Epidemiology 2006;17:100-103.