Further evidence against the reliability of the human chorionic gonadotropin discriminatory level

Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine

Volumn 30, Issue 12, 2011, Pages 1637-1642

  Doubilet, Peter M ^a   Benson, Carol B ^a  

^a BRIGHAM AND WOMEN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

Discriminatory level; Ectopic pregnancy; Human chorionic gonadotropin; Sonography

Indexed keywords

BODY FLUIDS; DIAGNOSIS; DISCRIMINATORS; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; ULTRASONIC IMAGING; ULTRASONOGRAPHY;

DISCRIMINATORY LEVEL; ECTOPIC PREGNANCIES; FIRST TRIMESTERS; FISHER EXACT TEST; HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPINS; LOGISTIC REGRESSION ANALYSIS; MATERNAL SERUM; TRANSVAGINAL SONOGRAPHY;

OBSTETRICS;

CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BLOOD; ECHOGRAPHY; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; FEMALE; FETUS ECHOGRAPHY; HUMAN; MALE; METHODOLOGY; PREGNANCY; REPRODUCIBILITY; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; STATISTICS; UNITED STATES; YOLK SAC;

ADULT; BOSTON; CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN; EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; PREGNANCY; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; ULTRASONOGRAPHY, PRENATAL; YOLK SAC;

EID: 82455191602     PISSN: 02784297     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.7863/jum.2011.30.12.1637     Document Type: Article

References (22)

1. Bradley WG, Fiske CE, Filly RA. The double sac sign of early intrauterine pregnancy: use in exclusion of ectopic pregnancy. Radiology 1982; 143:223-226. (Pubitemid 12142204)
2. Yeh H-C, Goodman JD, Carr L, Rabinowitz JG. Intradecidual sign: a US criterion of early intrauterine pregnancy. Radiology 1986; 161:463-467. (Pubitemid 17173309)
3. Doubilet PM, Benson CB. First, do no harm ⋯to early pregnancies. J Ultrasound Med 2010; 29:685-689.
4. Kadar N, DeVore G, Romero R. Discriminatory hCG zone: its use in the sonographic evaluation for ectopic pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 1981; 58:156-161. (Pubitemid 11093350)
5. Bree RL, Edwards M, Bohm-Velez M, Beyler S, Roberts J, Mendelson EB. Transvaginal sonography in the evaluation of early pregnancy: correlation with hCG level. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1989; 153:75-79. (Pubitemid 19171948)
6. Cacciatore B, Stenman U-H, Ylöstalo P. Diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy by vaginal ultrasonography in combination with a discriminatory serum hCG level of 1000 IU/l (IRP). Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1990; 97:904-908. (Pubitemid 20340622)
7. Bernaschek G, Rudelstorfer R, Csaicsich P. Vaginal sonography versus serum human chorionic gonadotropin in early detection of pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1988; 158:608-612. (Pubitemid 18088218)
8. Barnhart K, Mennuti MT, Benjamin I, Jacobson S, Goodman D, Coutifaris C. Prompt diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy in an emergency department setting. Obstet Gynecol 1994; 84:1010-1015. (Pubitemid 24360266)
9. Bateman BG, Nunley WC, Kolp LA, Kitchin JD, Felder R. Vaginal sonography findings and hCG dynamics of early intrauterine and tubal pregnancies. Obstet Gynecol 1990; 75:421-427. (Pubitemid 20062283)
10. Mehta TS, Levine D, Beckwith B. Treatment of ectopic pregnancy: is a human chorionic gonadotropin level of 2000 mIU/mL a reasonable threshold? Radiology 1997; 205:569-573. (Pubitemid 27467344)
11. Nyberg DA, Filly RA, Mahony BS, Monroe S, Laing FC, Jeffrey RB. Early gestation: correlation of hCG levels and sonographic identification. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1985; 144:951-954. (Pubitemid 15032463)
12. Frates MC, Laing FC. Sonographic evaluation of ectopic pregnancy: an update. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1995; 165:251-259.
13. Levi CS, Dashefsky SM, Lyons EA, Holt SC, Lindsay DJ. First-trimester ultrasound. In: McGahan JP, Goldberg BB (eds). Diagnostic Ultrasound: A Logical Approach. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott-Raven; 1998:127-153.
14. Fleischer AC, Diamond MP, Cartwright PS. Transvaginal sonography of ectopic pregnancy. In: Fleischer AC, Manning FA, Jeanty P, Romero R (eds). Sonography in Obstetrics and Gynecology: Principles and Practice. 6th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2001:113-138.
15. Weston MJ. The first trimester. In: Dewbury KC, Meire HB, Cosgrove DO, Farrant P (eds). Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2nd ed. London, England: Churchill Livingstone; 2001:151-187.
16. Lyons EA, Levi CS. The first trimester. In: Rumack CM, Wilson SR, Charboneau JW, Johnson JM (eds). Diagnostic Ultrasound. 3rd ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby; 2005:1069-1125.
17. Fleischer AC. First-trimester pain or bleeding or both. In: Bluth EI, Benson CB, Ralls PW, Siegel MJ (eds). Ultrasound: A Practical Approach to Clinical Problems. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Thieme; 2008:289-295.
18. Stovall TG. Medical management of ectopic pregnancy. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 1994; 6:510-515.
19. Sau A, Hamilton-Fairley D. Nonsurgical diagnosis and management of ectopic pregnancy. Obstetrician Gynecologist 2003; 5:29-33.
20. Seeber BE, Barnhart KT. Ectopic pregnancy. In: Gibbs RS, Danforth DN, Karlan BY, Haney AF (eds). Danforth's Obstetrics and Gynecology. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2008:71-87.
21. Seeber BE, Barnhart KT. Suspected ectopic pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 2006; 107:399-413.
22. Gracia CR, Barnhart KT. Diagnosing ectopic pregnancy: decision analysis comparing six strategies. Obstet Gynecol 2001; 97:464-470. (Pubitemid 32184714)