Secondary (micro-)saccades: The influence of primary saccade end point and target eccentricity on the process of postsaccadic fixation

Vision Research

Volumn 51, Issue 23-24, 2011, Pages 2340-2347

  Ohl, Sven ^a,b,c   Brandt, Stephan A ^a,b   Kliegl, Reinhold ^a,c  

^a HUMBOLDT UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

^b CHARITÉ UNIVERSITÄTSMEDIZIN BERLIN   (Germany)

^c UNIVERSITY OF POTSDAM   (Germany)

Author keywords

Error correction; Microsaccade; Saccadic error; Secondary saccade; Target eccentricity

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; BRAIN DEPTH STIMULATION; BRAIN MAPPING; COMPUTER MODEL; ECCENTRIC MUSCLE CONTRACTION; EXTRAOCULAR MUSCLE; EYE FIXATION; EYE MOVEMENT CONTROL; GAZE; HEMISPHERIC DOMINANCE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; MATHEMATICAL COMPUTING; MOTOR ACTIVITY; NORMAL HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SACCADIC EYE MOVEMENT; VISUAL ORIENTATION;

ADULT; FIXATION, OCULAR; HUMANS; LINEAR MODELS; PHOTIC STIMULATION; REACTION TIME; SACCADES; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 82455171917     PISSN: 00426989     EISSN: 18785646     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2011.09.005     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Bates, D. M., & Maechler, M. (2010). lme4: Linear mixed-effects models using S4 classes. R package version 0.999375-32. (software).
2. Becker W. The control of eye movements in the saccadic system. Bibliotheca ophthalmologica 1972, 82:233-243.
3. Becker W., Fuchs A.F. Further properties of the human saccadic system: Eye movements and correction saccades with and without visual fixation points. Vision Research 1969, 9:1247-1258.
4. Brainard D.H. The psychophysics toolbox. Spatial Vision 1997, 10:433-436.
5. Cornelissen F.W., Peters E.M., Palmer J. The eyelink toolbox: Eye tracking with MATLAB and the psychophysics toolbox. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers 2002, 34:613-617.
6. Deubel H., Wolf W., Hauske G. Corrective saccades: Effect of shifting the saccade goal. Vision Research 1982, 22:353-364.
7. Engbert R., Kliegl R. Microsaccades uncover the orientation of covert attention. Vision Research 2003, 43(9):1035-1045.
8. Engbert R., Kliegl R. Microsaccades keep the eyes' balance during fixation. Psychological Science 2004, 15:431-436.
9. Engbert R., Mergenthaler K. Microsaccades are triggered by low retinal image slip. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2006, 103:7192-7197.
10. Frost D., Pöppel E. Different programming modes of human saccadic eye movements as a function of stimulus eccentricity: Indications of a functional subdivision of the visual field. Biological Cybernetics 1976, 23:39-48.
11. Golomb J.D., Chun M.M., Mazer J.A. The native coordinate system of spatial attention is retinotopic. Journal of Neuroscience 2008, 28(42):10654-10662.
12. Golomb, J. D., Pulido, V. Z., Albrecht, A. R., Chun, M. M., & Mazer, J. A. (2010). Robustness of the retinotopic attentional trace after eye movements. Journal of Vision, 10(3), 19, 1-12.
13. Hafed Z.M. Mechanisms for generating and compensating for the smallest possible saccades. European Journal of Neuroscience 2011, 33:2101-2113.
14. Hafed Z.M., Clark J.J. Microsaccades as an overt measure of covert attention shifts. Vision Research 2002, 42:2533-2545.
15. Hafed Z.M., Goffart L., Krauzlis R.J. A neural mechanism for microsaccade generation in the primate superior colliculus. Science 2009, 323:940-943.
16. Hafed Z.M., Krauzlis R.J. Microsaccadic suppression of visual bursts in the primate superior colliculus. Journal of Neuroscience 2010, 30(28):9542-9547.
17. Hallett P.E. Primary and secondary saccades to goals defined by instructions. Vision Research 1978, 18:1279-1296.
18. Henson D.B. Corrective saccades: Effects of altering visual feedback. Vision Research 1978, 18:63-67.
19. Kalesnykas R.P., Hallett P.E. Retinal eccentricity and the latency of eye saccades. Vision Research 1994, 34:517-531.
20. Kapoula Z., Robinson D.A. Saccadic undershoot is not inevitable: Saccades can be accurate. Vision Research 1986, 26(5):735-743.
21. Kowler E., Steinman R.M. Small saccades serve no useful purpose: Reply to a letter by R. W. Ditchburn. Vision Research 1980, 20(3):273-276.
22. Laubrock J., Engbert R., Kliegl R. Microsaccade dynamics during covert attention. Vision Research 2005, 45:721-730.
23. Lemij H.G., Collewijn H. Differences in accuracy of human saccades between stationary and jumping targets. Vision Research 1989, 29(12):1737-1748.
24. Martinez-Conde S., Macknik S.L., Troncoso X.G., Dyar T.A. Microsaccades counteract visual fading during fixation. Neuron 2006, 49:297-305.
25. Martinez-Conde S., Macknik S.L., Troncoso X.G., Hubel D.H. Microsaccades: A neurophysiological analysis. Trends in Neuroscience 2009, 32(9):463-475.
26. Mergenthaler K., Engbert R. Microsaccades are different from saccades in scene perception. Experimental Brain Research 2010, 203(4):753-757.
27. Pelli D.G. The VideoToolbox software for visual psychophysics: Transforming numbers into movies. Spatial Vision 1997, 10:437-442.
28. Prablanc C., Jeannerod M. Corrective saccades: Dependence on retinal reafferent signals. Vision Research 1975, 15:465-469.
29. R Development Core Team. (2010). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. ISBN:3-900051-07-0. <> (software). http://www.R-project.org.
30. Reppas J.B., Usrey W.M., Reid R.C. Saccadic eye movements modulate visual responses in the lateral geniculate nucleus. Neuron 2002, 35:961-974.
31. Robinson D.A. Models of the saccadic eye movement control system. Kybernetik 1973, 14:71-83.
32. Rolfs M. Microsaccades: Small steps on a long way. Vision Research 2009, 49:2415-2441.
33. Rolfs M., Engbert R., Kliegl R. Shortening and prolongation of saccade latencies following microsaccades. Experimental Brain Research 2006, 169:369-376.
34. Rolfs, M., Kliegl, R., & Engbert, R. (2008). Toward a model of microsaccade generation: The case of microsaccadic inhibition. Journal of Vision, 8(11), 5, 1-23.
35. Rolfs M., Ohl S. Visual suppression in the superior colliculus around the time of microsaccades. Journal of Neurophysiology 2011, 105:1-3.
36. Royal D.W., Sáry G., Schall J.D., Casagrande V.A. Correlates of motor planning and postsaccadic fixation in the macaque monkey lateral geniculate nucleus. Experimental Brain Research 2006, 168:62-75.
37. Steinman R.M., Haddad G.M., Skavenski A.A., Wyman D. Miniature eye movement. Science 1973, 181:810-819.
38. Wang Z., Satel J., Trappenberg T.P., Klein R.M. Aftereffects of saccades explored in a dynamic neural field model of the superior colliculus. Journal of Eye Movement Research 2011, 4(2):1-16.
39. Weber R.B., Daroff R.B. Corrective movements following refixation saccades: Type and control system analysis. Vision Research 1972, 12:467-475.
40. Wickham, H. (2009). ggplot2. Elegant graphics for data analysis. Dordrecht: Springer.
41. Zingale C.M., Kowler E. Planning sequences of saccades. Vision Research 1987, 27:1327-1341.
42. Zuber B.L., Stark L., Cook G. Microsaccades and the velocity-amplitude relationship for saccadic eye movements. Science 1965, 150:1459-1460.