Association of polymorphisms of dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2), and dopamine transporter (DAT1) genes with schizoid/avoidant behaviors (SAB)

Molecular Psychiatry

Volumn 2, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 239-246

  Blum, K ^a,d   Braverman, E R ^b   Wu, S ^c   Cull, J G ^d   Chen, T J H ^e   Gill, J ^d   Wood, R ^f   Eisenberg, A ^g   Sherman, M ^g   Davis, K R ^g   Matthews, D ^h   Fischer, L ^h   Schnautz, N ⁱ   Walsh, W ^j   Pontius, A A ^k   Zedar, M ^d   Kaats, G ^l   Comings, D E ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^b NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c CITY OF HOPE NATIONAL MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^d Kantroll Inc   (United States)

^e CHANG JUNG CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

^f UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER AT SAN ANTONIO   (United States)

^g UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS   (United States)

^h Compreh Neurobehavioral Systems ^*  (United States)

ⁱ San Marcos Treatment Center   (United States)

^j Pfeiffer Treatment Center   (United States)

^k MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United States)

^l Hlth/Medical Research Foundation   (United States)

more..

Author keywords

Polymorphisms; Schizoid avoidant behavior

Indexed keywords

DNA; DOPAMINE 2 RECEPTOR; DOPAMINE TRANSPORTER;

ARTICLE; AVOIDANCE BEHAVIOR; CONTROLLED STUDY; DNA POLYMORPHISM; FEMALE; GENE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RECEPTOR GENE; SCHIZOIDISM; VARIABLE NUMBER OF TANDEM REPEAT;

EID: 8244225823     PISSN: 13594184     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4000261     Document Type: Article

References (80)

1. Dahl AA. Heredity in personality disorders - an overview. Clin Genet 1994; 46: 138-143.
2. 4DR) Exon III polymorphism associated with the human personality trait of novelty seeking. Nature Genet 1996; 12: 78-80.
3. 4 dopamine receptor gene and measures of novelty seeking. Nature Genet 1996; 12: 81-84.
4. Cloninger CR, Svrakic DM, Przybeck TR. A psychobiological model of temperament and character. Arch Gen Psych 1993; 50: 975-990.
5. Bouchard TJ. Genes, environment, and personality. Science 1994; 264: 1700-1701.
6. Plomin R, Owen MJ, McGuffin R. The genetic basis of complex human behaviors. Science 1994; 264: 1733-1739.
7. Brunner HG, Nelen MR, van Zandvoort P, Abeling NGGM, van Gennip AH, Wolters EG, Kutper MA, Ropers HH, van Oost BA. X-linked borderline mental retardation with behavioral disturbance: phenotype, genetic localization and evidence for disturbed monamine metabolism. Am J Hum Genet 1993; 52: 1032-1039.
8. Corder EH, Saunders AM, Risch NJ, Strittmatter WJ, Schmechel DE, Gaskell Jr PG, Rimmler JB, Locke PA, Conneally PM, Schmader KE, Small GW, Roses AD, Haines JL, Pericak-Vance MA. Protective effect of apolipoprotein E type 2 allele for late onset Alzheimer's disease. Nature Genet 1994; 7: 180-184.
9. Sandbrink R, Hartmann T, Masters CL, Beyreuther K. Genes contributing to Alzheimer's disease. Mol Psychiatry 1996; 1: 27-40.
10. Brunner HG, Nelsen M, Breakefield XO, Ropers HH, van Oost BA. Abnormal behavior associated with a point mutation in the structural gene for monoamine oxidase. Science 1993; 262: 578-580.
11. 2 receptor gene in alcoholism. J Am Med Assn 1990; 263: 2055-2059.
12. 2 receptor genes. Trends Neurosci 1993; 16: 83-88.
13. Hinshan SP, Heller T, McHale JP. Covert antisocial behavior in boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: external validation and effects of methylphenidate. J Consulting Clin Psychol 1992; 60: 274-281.
14. Fahlen T. Personality traits in social phobia, II: changes during drug treatment. J Clin Psychiatry 1995; 56: 569-573.
15. Johnson JG, Hyler SE, Skodol AE, Bornstein RF, Sherman M. Personality disorder symptomatology associated with adolescent depression and substance abuse. J Personality Dis 1995; 9: 318-329.
16. Blum K, Cull JG, Braverman ER, Comings DE, Reward deficiency syndrome. Am Scientist 1996; 84: 132-145.
17. 2 dopamine receptor gene as a predictor of 'reward deficiency syndrome' (RDS) behavior: Bayes' Theorem. J Royal Soc Med 1996; 87: 396-400.
18. 2 receptor gene and alcoholism. JAMA 1990; 264: 3156-3160.
19. 2 receptor gene. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1992; 4: 89-116.
20. 2) and alcoholism. JAMA 1991; 47: 1073-1077.
21. 2 dopamine receptor genotype, linkage disequilibrium, and alcoholism in American Indians and other populations. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1993; 17: 199-204.
22. 2 dopamine receptor genotype and cerebrospinal fluid homovanillic acid, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-phenylglycol in alcoholics in Finland and the United States. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1992; 86: 351-357.
23. 2) in alcoholics and controls. Genomics 1994; 19: 12-20.
24. 2 dopamine receptor gene and severe alcoholism. Biol Psychiatry 1992; 31: 285-290.
25. 2 receptor gene variants: association and linkage studies in impulsive-addictive-compulsive disorders. Pharmacogenetics 1995; 5: 121-141.
26. 2 dopamine receptor gene and alcoholism. J Psychiat Res 1993; 27: 173-179.
27. 2 receptor gene Taq I a RFLP in Japanese. Biol Psychiatry 1993; 33: 108-114.
28. 2 dopamine receptor gene is associated but not linked with alcoholism. JAMA 1991; 266: 1833-1834.
29. 2 domain receptor gene and alcoholism: a continuing controversy. Arch Gen Psych 1991; 48: 757-759.
30. 2 dopamine receptor locus in heavy drinking and alcoholism. Psych Genet 1993; 3: 130.
31. 2 dopamine receptor and Tourette's syndrome. JAMA 1992; 267: 651-652.
32. 2). Annu Meet Am Psychopath Meet, New York, 1992.
33. 2 receptor gene in the absence of linkage. Psych Genet 1993; 3: 130.
34. 2 dopamine receptor gene: a review of association studies in alcoholism. Behav Genetics 1993; 23: 117-127.
35. 2 receptor RFLPs, haplotypes and their association with substance use in black and Caucasian research volunteers. Hum Hered 1993; 43: 209-218.
36. 2 dopamine receptor locus. Arch Gen Psych 1991; 48: 655-663.
37. 2 receptor and alcoholism: a meta analysis. Am J Med Gen (Neuropsychiatric Genetics) 1993; 48: 78-82.
38. 1 restriction of fragment length polymorphism appears more frequently in polysubstance abusers. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1992; 49: 723-727.
39. 2 receptor gene and alcoholism. JAMA 1991; 256: 2667-2668.
40. Uhl GR. Molecular and genetic studies of the targets of acute drug action, substrates for inter individual differences in vulnerability to substance abuse, and candidate mechanisms for addiction. In: Chiarello E (ed). NIDA Monographs. Washington, DC, 1994, (in press).
41. 2) gene. Mol Psychiatry 1996; 1: 325-335.
42. Muramatsu T, Higuchi S. Dopamine transporter gene polymorphism and alcoholism. Biochem Biophys Res Com 1995; 211: 28-32.
43. Cook EH Jr, Stein MA, Krasowski MD, Cox NJ, Olkon DM, Kieffer JE, Leventhal BL. Association of attention-deficit disorder and the dopamine transporter gene. Am J Hum Genet 1995; 56: 993-998.
44. 1, Am J Med Genet (Neuropsychiat Genet) 1996; 67: 264-288.
45. 1) maps to chromosome 5 PI 5.3 and displays a VNTR. Genomics 1992; 14: 1866-1868.
46. Comings DE. The Discovery of the Tourette Syndrome and Human Behavior Genes. Hope Press, Duarte, CA, 1996.
47. 2 receptor gene in pathological gambling. Pharmacogenetics 1996; 6: 223-234.
48. Schuler CE, Snibber JR, Buckwalter JL. Validity of the MMP1 personality disorder scales (MMPI-PF). J Clin Psychology 1994; 50: 220-227.
49. Zimmerman M. Diagnosing personality disorders. Arch Gen Psychiat 1994; 51: 225-245.
50. 2 receptor locus as a modifying gene in neuropsychiatric disorders. J Am Med Assn 1991; 266: 1793-1800.
51. 2 dopamine receptor gene and obesity. Int J Eating Disorder 1994; 15: 205-217.
52. d'Amato T, Leboyer M, Malafosse A, Samolyk D, Lamouroux A, Junien C, Mallet J. Two TaqI dimorphic sites at the human P-lydroxylase locus. Nucleic Acad Res 1989; 17: 5871.
53. Lamouroux A, Vigny A, Faucon-Biguet N, Darmon MC, Frank R, Henry JP. The primary structure of dopaminebeta-hydroxylase: insights into the relationship between the soluble and the membrane-bound forms of the enzyme. AMBO J 1987; 6: 3931-3937.
54. Lamouroux A, Houhou L, Biguet NF, Serck-Hanssen G, Guibert B, Icard-Liepkalns C, Mallet J. Analysis of the human dopamine β-hydroxylase promoter: transcriptional induction by cyclic AMP. J Neurochemistry 1993; 60: 364-367.
55. Dunn O, Clark V. Applied Statistics: Analysis of Variance and Regression. 2nd edition, Wiley, New York, 1995.
56. 2 dopamine receptor gene and cigarette smoking, a reward gene? Med Hypothesis 1994; 42: 257-260.
57. 2) in obesity with comorbid substance use disorder: preliminary findings. Pharmacogenetics 1996; 34: 297-305.
58. George SR, Cheng R, Nguyen T, Israel Y, O'Dowd BF. Polymorphisms of the D4 dopamine receptor alleles in chronic alcoholism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1993; 196: 107-114.
59. 1 allele. Pharmacogenetics 1994; 4: 313-322.
60. 1 allele. Am J Hum Gen 1994; 54: 658-668.
61. 2 receptor gene. A genetic risk factor in substance abuse. Drug Alc Dep 1994; 34: 175-180.
62. 2) gene in posttraumatic stress disorder. A study and replication. Biol Psychiatry 1996; 40: 368-372.
63. 2 dopamine receptor gene, addiction and personality: clinical correlates in cocaine abusers. Biol Psychiatry 1996; 39: 302-304.
64. Tiihonen J, Kuikka J, Bergstrm K, Hakola P, Karhu J, Rynnanen O-P, Pohr J. Altered striatal dopamine re-uptake site densities in habitually violent and non-violent alcoholics. Nature Med 1995; 1: 654-657.
65. Umberkomen-Wita B, Vogel WH, Wita PJ. Some biochemical and behavioral (sensation seeking) correlates in healthy adults, Res Commun Psychol Psychiat Behav 1981; 6: 303-316.
66. O'Boyle M. Personality disorder and multiple substance dependence. J Personality Disorders 1993; 7: 342-347.
67. Malison RT, McDougle CJ, van Dyck CH, Scahill L, Baldwin RM, Seibyl JP, Price LH, Leckman JF, Innis RB. [1231]beta-CIT SPECT imaging of striatal dopamine transporter bindings in Tourette's disorder. Am J Psychiatry 1995; 152: 1359-1361.
68. 2 dopamine receptor gene with receptor-binding characteristics in alcoholism. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1991; 48: 648-654.
69. Boeller DM, Horowitz JA, Casey JL, Klansner RD, Itarford JB. Translation and the stability of mRNAs encoding the transferrin receptor and c-fos. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1991; 88: 7778-7782.
70. 2 receptor gene variants: association and linkage studies in impulsive-addictive-compulsive behavior. Pharmacogenetics 1995; 5: 121-141.
71. Corbisiero JR, Reznikoff M. The relationship between personality type and style of alcohol use. J Clin Psychology 1991; 47: 291-298.
72. Fals-Stewart W. Personality characteristics of substance abusers: an MCMI-II cluster typology of recreational drug users treated in a therapeutic community and its relationship to length of stay of outcome. J Personality Assessment 1992; 59: 515-527.
73. Matano RA, Locke KD, Schnartz K. MCMI-II personality subtypes for male and female alcoholics. J Personality Assessment 1994; 63: 250-264.
74. 1 personality disorders and associated features in cocaine-dependent inpatients. Comprehensive Psychiat 1994; 35: 335-340.
75. Ohannessian CM, Hesselbrock VM. Temperament and personality typologies in adult offspring of alcoholics. J Studies Alcohol 1995; 56: 318-327.
76. Yanovski SZ, Nelson JE, Dubbert BK, Spitzer RL. Association of binge eating disorder and psychiatric comorbidity in obese subjects. Am J Psychiat 1993; 150: 1472-1479.
77. Pontius AA. Forensic significance of the limbic psychotic trigger reaction. Bull Am Acad Psychiatry Law 1996; 24: 1-10.
78. 2,/alcoholism story teach us about association studies in psychiatric genetics? Am J Med Genet (Neuropsychiatric Genetics) 1995; 60: 272.
79. Cloninger CR. The genetic structure of personality and learning: a phylogenetic model. Clin Genet 1994; 46: 124-137.
80. Vanyukov MM, Moss HB, Yu CM, Tarter RE, Ranjan D. Preliminary evidence for an association of a dinucleotide repeat polymorphism at the MAOA gene with early onset alcoholism/substance abuse. Am J Med Genet (Neuropsychiatric Genet) 1995; 60: 122-126.