Fluid flow and heat transfer from circular and noncircular cylinders submerged in non-newtonian liquids

Advances in Heat Transfer

Volumn 43, Issue , 2011, Pages 289-417

  Chhabra, R P ^a  

^a INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY KANPUR   (India)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 82355164300     PISSN: 00652717     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-381529-3.00004-9     Document Type: Chapter

References (325)

1. Zdravkovich M.M. Flow Around Circular Cylinders, Volume 1: Fundamentals 1997, Oxford University Press, New York, NY.
2. Zdravkovich M.M. Flow Around Circular Cylinders, Volume 2: Applications 2003, Oxford University Press, New York, NY.
3. Morgan V.T. The overall convective heat transfer from smooth circular cylinders. Adv. Heat Transfer 1975, 11:199-264.
4. Sumer B.M., Fredsoe J. Hydrodynamics Around Cylindrical Structures 2006, World Scientific, Singapore.
5. Hesselgreaves J.E. Compact Heat Exchangers: Selection, Design and Operation 2001, Pergamon, Oxford.
6. Bird R.B., Armstrong R.C., Hassager O. Dynamics of Polymeric Liquids 1987, vol. 1. second ed. Wiley, New York, NY.
7. Tanner R.I. Engineering Rheology 2000, Oxford University Press, New York, NY. second ed.
8. Larson R.G. The Structure and Rheology of Complex Fluids 1998, Oxford University Press, New York, NY.
9. Chhabra R.P., Richardson J.F. Non-Newtonian Flow and Applied Rheology 2008, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, UK. second ed.
10. Han C.D. Rheology and Processing of Polymeric Materials 2007, Oxford University Press, New York, NY.
11. Barnes H.A. The yield stress-a review. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 1989, 81:133-178.
12. Bird R.B., Dai G.C., Yarrusso B.J. The rheology and flow of viscoplastic materials. Rev. Chem. Eng. 1983, 1:1-70.
13. Barnes H.A. Shear-thickening (dilatancy) in suspensions of nonaggregating solid particles in Newtonian liquids. J. Rheol. 1989, 33:329-366.
14. Chhabra R.P. Non-Newtonian fluids: an introduction. Rheology of Complex Fluids 2010, Springer, New York, NY, (Chapter 1). A.P. Deshpande, J. Murali Krishnan, P.B.S. Kumar (Eds.).
15. Metzner A.B. Non-Newtonian technology: fluid mechanics, mixing and heat transfer. Adv. Chem. Eng. 1956, 1:77-153.
16. Cho Y.I., Hartnett J.P. Non-Newtonian fluids in circular pipe flow. Adv. Heat Transfer 1982, 15:59-141.
17. Mujumdar A.S., Lawal A. Laminar duct flow and heat transfer in purely viscous non-Newtonian fluids. Adv. Transport Process. 1989, 7:353-442.
18. Chhabra R.P. Fluid flow, heat and mass transfer in non-Newtonian fluids: multiphase systems. Adv. Heat Transfer 1993, 23:187-278.
19. Paul E.L., Kresta S.M., Atiemo-Obeng V. Handbook of Industrial Mixing: Science and Practice 2004, Wiley, New York, NY.
20. Harnby N., Edwards M.F., Nienow A.W. Mixing in the Process Industries 1997, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford. second ed.
21. Chhabra R.P. Fluid mechanics and heat transfer with non-Newtonian liquids in mechanically agitated vessels. Adv. Heat Transfer 2003, 37:77-178.
22. Chhabra R.P. Bubbles, Drops and Particles in Non-Newtonian Fluids 2006, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL. second ed.
23. Chhabra R.P., Comiti J., Machac I. Non-Newtonian fluid flow in packed and fluidised beds. Chem. Eng. Sci. 2001, 56:1-27.
24. Astarita G., Mashelkar R.A. Heat and mass transfer in non-Newtonian fluids. Chem. Eng. 1977, 317:100-105.
25. Ghosh U.K., Upadhyay S.N., Chhabra R.P. Heat and mass transfer from immersed bodies to non-Newtonian fluids. Adv. Heat Transfer 1994, 25:251-319.
26. Carreau P.J., DeKee D., Chhabra R.P. Rheology of Polymeric Systems: Principles and Applications 1997, Hanser, Munich.
27. Chhabra R.P. Heat and mass transfer in rheologically complex systems. Advances in the Flow and Rheology of Non-Newtonian Fluids 1999, Elsevier, Amsterdam, (Chapter 39). D.A. Siginer, D. Dekee, R.P. Chhabra (Eds.).
28. Williamson C.H.K. Vortex dynamics in the cylinder wake. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 1996, 28:477-539.
29. Thom A. The flow past circular cylinders at low speeds. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 1933, 141:651-669.
30. Henderson R.D. Details of the drag curve near the onset of vortex shedding. Phys. Fluids 1995, 7:2102-2104.
31. Taneda S. Experimental investigation of the wakes behind cylinders and plates at low Reynolds numbers. J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 1956, 11:302-307.
32. Coutanceau M., Defaye J.R. Circular cylinder wake configurations: a flow visualization survey. Appl. Mech. Rev. 1991, 44:255-305.
33. Dennis S.C.R., Chang G.-Z. Numerical solutions for steady flow past a circular cylinder at Reynolds numbers up to 100. J. Fluid Mech. 1970, 42:471-489.
34. Fornberg B. Steady viscous flow past a circular cylinder up to Reynolds number 600. J. Comput. Phys. 1985, 61:297-320.
35. Van Dyke M. An Album of Fluid Motion 1982, Parabolic Press, Stanford, CA.
36. Nakayama Y., Tanida Y. Atlas of Visualization 1996, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
37. Bloor M.S. The transition to turbulence in the wake of a cylinder. J. Fluid Mech. 1964, 19:290-304.
38. Schewe G. On the force fluctuations acting on a circular cylinder in cross-flow from subcritical up to transcritical Reynolds numbers. J. Fluid Mech. 1983, 133:265-285.
39. V.J. Modi, E. Wiland, A.K. Dikshit, T. Yokomizo, On the fluid mechanics of elliptic cylinders, Proceedings of 2nd International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference, vol. III, San Francisco, CA, 1992, pp. 595-614.
40. S.A. Johnson, M.C. Thompson, K. Hourigan, Flow past elliptical cylinders at low Reynolds numbers, Proceedings of 14th Australasian Fluid Mechanics Conference, Adelaide, December 10-14, 2001, pp. 343-346.
41. Jackson C.P. A finite-element study of the onset of vortex shedding in flow past variously shaped bodies. J. Fluid Mech. 1987, 182:23-45.
42. Faruquee Z., Ting D.S.-K., Fartaja A., Barron R.M., Carreveau R. The effects of axis ratio on laminar fluid flow around an elliptical cylinder. Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow 2007, 28:1178-1189.
43. Stack D., Bravo H.R. Flow separation behind ellipses at Reynolds number less than 10. Appl. Math. Modell. 2009, 33:1633-1643.
44. Rao P.K., Sahu A.K., Chhabra R.P. Flow of Newtonian and power-law fluids past an elliptical cylinder: a numerical study. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2010, 49:6649-6661.
45. Rao P.K., Sahu A.K., Chhabra R.P. Momentum and heat transfer from a square cylinder in power-law fluids. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 2010, 54:390-403.
46. De A.K., Dalal A. Numerical simulation of unconfined flow past a triangular cylinder. Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids 2006, 52:801-821.
47. Zielinska B.J., Wesfreid J.E. On the spatial structure of global modes in wake flow. Phys. Fluids 1995, 7:1418-1424.
48. Wesfreid J.E., Goujon-Durand S., Zielinska B.J. Global mode behaviour of the streamwise velocity in wakes. J. Phys. II 1996, 6:1343-1357.
49. Abbassi H., Turki S., Nasrallah S.N. Numerical investigation of forced convection in a plane channel with a built-in triangular prism. Int. J. Thermal Sci. 2001, 40:649-658.
50. Z. Faruquee, T.V. Olatunji, Natural and mixed convection heat transfer around a horizontal cylinder within confining walls, Proceedings of 5th Joint ASME/JSME Fluids Engineering Conference, San Diego, 2006, pp. 1445-1450.
51. Srikanth S., Dhiman A.K., Bijjam S. Confined flow and heat transfer across a triangular cylinder in a channel. Int. J. Thermal Sci. 2010, 49:2191-2200.
52. Prhashanna A., Sahu A.K., Chhabra R.P. Flow of power-law fluids past an equilateral triangular cylinder: momentum and heat transfer characteristics. Int. J. Thermal Sci. 2011, 50:2027-2041.
53. Chandra A., Chhabra R.P. Flow over and forced convection heat transfer in Newtonian fluids from a semi-circular cylinder. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 2011, 54:225-241.
54. Chandra A., Chhabra R.P. Influence of power-law index on transitional Reynolds numbers for flow over a semi-circular cylinder. Appl. Math. Modell. 2011, 35:5766-5785.
55. Sivakumar P., Bharti R.P., Chhabra R.P. Effect of power-law index on critical parameters for power-law flow across an unconfined circular cylinder. Chem. Eng. Sci. 2006, 61:6035-6046.
56. D'Alessio S.J.D., Pascal J.P. Steady flow of power-law fluids past a cylinder. Acta Mech. 1996, 117:87-100.
57. D'Alessio S.J.D., Finlay L.A. Power-law flow past a cylinder at large distances. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2004, 43:8407-8410.
58. Tanner R.I. Stokes paradox for power-law fluids around a cylinder. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 1993, 50:217-224.
59. Whitney M.J., Rodin G.J. Force-velocity relationships for rigid bodies translating through unbounded shear-thinning power-law fluids. Int. J. Non-Linear Mech. 2001, 36:947-953.
60. Mossaz S., Jay P., Magnin A. Criteria for the appearance of recirculating and non-stationary regimes behind a cylinder in a visco-plastic fluid. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 2010, 165:1525-1535.
61. McKinley G.H., Armstrong R.C., Brown R.A. The wake instability in viscoelastic flow past confined circular cylinder. Philos. Trans. Phys. Sci. Eng. 1993, 344:265-304.
62. McKinley G.H. Steady and transient motion of spherical particles in viscoelastic liquids. Transport Processes in Bubbles, Drops and Particles 2002, 338. Taylor & Francis, New York, NY. second ed. R. Chhabra, D. De Kee (Eds.).
63. Groisman A., Steinberg V. Elastic turbulence in a polymer solution flow. Nature 2000, 405:53-55.
64. Sahin M., Owens R.G. On the effects of viscoelasticity on two-dimensional vortex dynamics in the cylinder wake. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 2004, 123:121-139.
65. Richter D., Shaqfeh E.S.G., Iaccarino G. Floquet stability analysis of viscoelastic flow over a cylinder. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 2011, 166:554-565.
66. Richter D., Iaccarino G., Shaqfeh E.S.G. Simulation of three-dimensional viscoelastic flows past a circular cylinder at moderate Reynolds numbers. J. Fluid Mech. 2010, 651:415-442.
67. Cressman J.R., Bailey Q., Goldburg W.I. Modification of a vortex street by a polymer additive. Phys. Fluids 2001, 13:867-871.
68. Cadot O., Kumar S Experimental characterization of viscoelastic effects on two- and three-dimensional shear instabilities. J. Fluid Mech. 2000, 416:151-172.
69. James D.F., Acosta A.J. The laminar flow of dilute polymer solutions around circular cylinders. J. Fluid Mech. 1970, 42:269-288.
70. Koniuta A., Adler P.M., Piau J.M. Flow of dilute polymer solutions around circular cylinders. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 1980, 7:101-106.
71. Manero O., Mena B. On the slow flow of viscoelastic liquids past a circular cylinder. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 1981, 9:379-387.
72. Nishimura T., Kunitsugu K., Ochi Y., Konishi K., Tanoue K. The fluid dynamical properties of a dilute surfactant solution around a circular cylinder. J. Environ. Eng. 2008, 3:83-91.
73. Gadd G.E. Effects of long chain molecule additives in water on vortex streets. Nature 1966, 211:169-170.
74. Kalashnikov V.N., Kudin A.M. Karman vortices in the flow of drag-reducing polymer solutions. Nature 1970, 225:445-446.
75. James D.F., Gupta O.P. Drag on circular cylinders in dilute polymer solutions. Chem. Eng. Prog. Symp. Ser. 1971, 67:62-73.
76. Usui H., Shibata T., Sano Y. Karman vortex behind a circular cylinder in dilute polymer solutions. J. Chem. Eng. Jpn. 1980, 13:77-79.
77. Turgut S., Rainey P.G., Kell R.E. Flow of dilute polymer solutions about circular cylinders. J. Fluid Mech. 1973, 57:177-208.
78. Kim B.K., Telionis D.P. The effect of polymer addition on laminar separation. Phys. Fluids 1989, 1:267-273.
79. Luikov A.V., Shulman Z.P., Puris B.I. Mass transfer of a cylinder in forced flow of non-Newtonian viscoelastic fluid. Heat Transfer Sov. Res. 1961, 1:121-132.
80. Hoyt J.W., Sellin R.H.J. Cylinder cross-flow heat transfer in drag reducing fluid. Exp. Heat Transfer 1989, 2:113-127.
81. Ogata S., Osano Y., Watanabe K. Effect of surfactant solutions on the drag and flow pattern of a circular cylinder. AIChE J. 2006, 52:49-57.
82. Kato H., Mizuno Y. An experimental investigation of viscoelastic flow past a circular cylinder. Bull. JSME 1983, 26:529-536.
83. Bergin C., Nowak M., Urban M. The flow of a dilute cationic surfactant solution past a circular cylinder. Exp. Fluids 2001, 30:410-417.
84. T. McClanahan, P.J. Ridgley, Drag of Circular Cylinders in Dilute Aqueous Poly (ethylene oxide) Solutions for Flows Characterised by Laminar Boundary Layer Separation, M.S. Dissertation, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, 1968.
85. Shah M.J., Petersen E.E., Acrivos A. Heat transfer from a cylinder to a power-law non-Newtonian fluid. AIChE J. 1962, 8:542-549.
86. Sarpkaya T., Rainey P.G., Kell R.E. Flow of dilute polymer solutions about circular cylinders. J. Fluid Mech. 1973, 57:177-208.
87. Coelho P.M., Pinho F.T. Vortex shedding in cylinder flow of shear-thinning fluids. I. Identification and demarcation of flow regime. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 2003, 110:143-176.
88. Coelho P.M., Pinho F.T. Vortex shedding in cylinder flow of shear-thinning fluids. II. Flow characteristics. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 2003, 110:177-193.
89. Coelho P.M., Pinho F.T. Vortex shedding in cylinder flow of shear-thinning fluids. III. Pressure measurements. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 2004, 121:55-68.
90. Pipe C.J., Monkewitz P.A. Vortex shedding in flow of dilute polymer solutions. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 2006, 139:54-67.
91. Unal M.F., Rockwell D. On vortex formation from a cylinder, Part 1: The initial instability. J. Fluid Mech. 1988, 190:491-512.
92. Rao M.K., Sahu A.K., Chhabra R.P. Effect of confinement on power-law fluid flow past a circular cylinder. Polym. Eng. Sci. 2011, 51:2044-2065.
93. Boisaubert N., Coutanceau M., Ehrmann P. Comparative early development of wake vortices behind a short semicircular-section cylinder in two opposite arrangements. J. Fluid Mech. 1996, 327:73-99.
94. Boisaubert N., Texier A. Effect of splitter plate on the near-wake development of a semi-circular cylinder. Exp. Thermal Fluid Sci. 1998, 16:100-111.
95. Boisaubert N., Coutanceau M., Texier A. Manipulation of the starting semicircular cylinder near-wake by means of a splitter plate. J. Flow Visualization Image Process. 1997, 4:211-221.
96. Kiya M., Arie M. Viscous shear flow past small bluff bodies attached to a plane wall. J. Fluid Mech. 1975, 69:803-823.
97. Kotake M., Suwa S. Flow visualization around a semi-circular cylinder in a uniform shear flow. J. Visualization Soc. Jpn. 2001, 21:95-98.
98. Nada S.A., Mowad M. Free convection from a vertical and inclined semicircular cylinder at different orientations. Alexandria Eng. J. 2003, 42:273-283.
99. Sophy T., Sada H., Bouard D. Calcul de I'ecoulement autour d'un cylindre semi-circulaire par une method de collocation. C R Mecanique 2002, 330:193-198.
100. Chandra A., Chhabra R.P. Momentum and heat transfer characteristics of a semi-circular cylinder immersed in power-law fluids in the steady flow regime. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 2011, 54:2734-2750.
101. Zeitoun O., Ali M., Nuhait A. Convective heat transfer around a triangular cylinder in cross-flow. Int. J. Thermal Sci. 2011, 50:1685-1697.
102. De A.K., Dalal A. Numerical study of laminar forced convection fluid flow and heat transfer from a triangular cylinder placed in a channel. J. Heat Transfer 2007, 129:646-656.
103. A. Sharma, Numerical investigation of unconfined and channel confined flow across a square cylinder with forced and mixed convection heat transfer, Ph.D. Thesis, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India, 2003.
104. A.K. Dhiman, Flow over and heat transfer to power-law fluids across a square cylinder in steady regime: A numerical study, Ph.D. Thesis, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India, 2006.
105. A.K. Sahu, Momentum and heat transfer characteristics of a square cylinder in power-law fluids in laminar vortex shedding regime, Ph.D. Thesis, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India, 2010.
106. Breuer M., Bernsdorf J., Zeiser T., Durst F. Accurate computations of the laminar flow past a square cylinder based on two different methods: lattice-Boltzmann and finite-volume. Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow 2000, 21:186-196.
107. Dhiman A.K. Heat transfer to power-law dilatant fluids in a channel with a built-in square cylinder. Int. J. Thermal Sci. 2009, 48:1552-1563.
108. Sharma A., Eswaran V. Heat and fluid flow across a square cylinder in the two dimensional laminar flow regime. Numer. Heat Transfer A 2004, 45:247-269.
109. Sharma A., Eswaran V. Effect of channel confinement on the two-dimensional laminar flow and heat transfer across a square cylinder. Numer. Heat Transfer A 2005, 47:79-107.
110. Sohankar A., Norberg C., Davidson L. Numerical simulation of unsteady low-Reynolds number flow around rectangular cylinders at incidence. J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn. 1997, 69-71:189-201.
111. Sohankar A., Norberg C., Davidson L. Low-Reynolds number flow around a cylinder at incidence: study of blockage, onset of vortex shedding and outlet boundary condition. Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids 1998, 26:39-56.
112. Okajima A. Strouhal numbers of rectangular cylinders. J. Fluid Mech. 1982, 123:379-398.
113. Davis R.W., Moore E.F. A numerical study of vortex shedding from rectangles. J. Fluid Mech. 1982, 116:475-506.
114. Okajima A. Numerical simulation of flow around rectangular cylinders. J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn. 1990, 33:171-180.
115. Acrivos A., Shah M.J., Petersen E.E. Momentum and heat transfer in laminar boundary-layer flows of non-Newtonian fluids past external surfaces. AIChE J. 1960, 6:312-317.
116. Schowalter W.R. The application of boundary-layer theory to power-law pseudoplastic fluids: similar solutions. AIChE J. 1960, 6:24-28.
117. Acrivos A., Shah M.J., Petersen E.E. On the solution of the two-dimensional boundary-layer flow equations for non-Newtonian power-law fluids. Chem. Eng. Sci. 1965, 20:101-105.
118. Khan W.A., Culham J.R., Yovanovich M.M. Fluid flow and heat transfer in power-law fluids across circular cylinders: analytical study. J. Heat Transfer 2006, 128:870-878.
119. Landau L.D., Lifshitz E.M. Fluid Mechanics 1987, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford. second ed.
120. Lamb H. Hydrodynamics 1945, Dover, New York, NY. sixth ed.
121. Van Dyke M. Perturbation Methods in Fluid Mechanics 1964, Academic Press, New York, NY.
122. Proudman I., Pearson J.R.A. Expansions at small Reynolds numbers for the flow past a sphere and a circular cylinder. J. Fluid Mech. 1957, 2:237-262.
123. Marusic-Paloka E. On the Stokes paradox for power-law fluids. Z. Angew. Math. Mech. 2001, 81:31-36.
124. P.N. Kaloni, R.P. Chhabra, Creeping flow of a power-law fluid past a cylinder, Proceedings of 21st Canadian Congress of Applied Mechanics, Paper #PNK142, June 3-7, Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada, 2007.
125. Despeyroux A., Ambari A., Ben Richou A. Wall effects on the transportation of a cylindrical particle in power-law fluids. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 2011, 166:1173-1182.
126. Bharti R.P., Chhabra R.P., Eswaran V. Steady flow of power-law fluids across a circular cylinder. Can. J. Chem. Eng. 2006, 84:406-421.
127. Chhabra R.P., Soares A.A., Ferreira J.M. Steady non-Newtonian flow past a circular cylinder. Acta Mech. 2004, 172:1-16.
128. Soares A.A., Ferreira J.M., Chhabra R.P. Flow and forced convection heat transfer in cross-flow of non-Newtonian fluids over a circular cylinder. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2005, 44:5815-5827.
129. Patnana V.K., Bharti R.P., Chhabra R.P. Two-dimensional unsteady flow of power-law fluids over a cylinder. Chem. Eng. Sci. 2009, 64:2978-2999.
130. Bharti R.P., Chhabra R.P., Eswaran V. Two-dimensional steady Poiseuille flow of power-law fluids across a circular cylinder in a plane confined channel: wall effect and drag coefficient. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2007, 46:3820-3840.
131. Nejat A., Abdollahi V., Vahidkhah K. Lattice Boltzmann simulation of non-Newtonian flows past confined cylinders. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 2011, 166:689-697.
132. Grove A.S., Shair F.H., Petersen E.E. An experimental investigation of the steady separated flow past a circular cylinder. J. Fluid Mech. 1964, 19:60-80.
133. Homann F. Influence of higher viscosity on flow around cylinder. Forsch. Gebiete Ingenieur 1936, 17:1-10.
134. Ferreira J.M., Chhabra R.P. Analytical study of drag and mass transfer in creeping power-law flow across tube banks. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2004, 43:3439-3450.
135. Barnes F.H. Vortex shedding in the wake of a rotating cylinder at low Reynolds numbers. J. Phys. D 2000, 33:L141-L144.
136. Wen C.-Y., Lin C.-Y. Two-dimensional vortex shedding of a circular cylinder. Phys. Fluids 2001, 13:557-560.
137. Faxen O.H. Forces exerted on a rigid cylinder in a viscous fluid between two parallel fixed planes. Proc. R. Swed. Acad. Eng. Sci 1946, 187:1-13.
138. Huang P.Y., Feng J. Wall effects on the flow of viscoelastic fluids around a circular cylinder. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 1990, 60:179-198.
139. Ben Richou A., Ambari A., Naciri J.K. Drag force on a circular cylinder midway between two parallel plates at very low Reynolds numbers, Part 1: Poiseuille flow (numerical). Chem. Eng. Sci. 2004, 59:3215-3222.
140. Ben Richou A., Ambari A., Lebey M., Naciri J.K. Drag force on a circular cylinder midway between two parallel plates at Re<<1, Part 2: Moving uniformly (numerical and experimental). Chem. Eng. Sci. 2005, 60:2535-2543.
141. Kumar B., Mittal S. Effect of blockage on critical parameters for flow past a circular cylinder at low Reynolds numbers. Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids 2006, 50:987-1001.
142. Anagnostopoulos P., Illiadis G., Richardson S. Numerical study of the blockage effect on viscous flow past a circular cylinder. Int. J. Numer. Method Fluids 1996, 22:1061-1074.
143. Zovatto L., Pedrizetti G. Flow about a circular cylinder between parallel walls. J. Fluid Mech. 2002, 440:1-25.
144. Chen J.H., Pritchard W.G., Tavener S.J. Bifurcation for flow past a circular cylinder between parallel walls. J. Fluid Mech. 1995, 284:23-41.
145. Sahin M., Owens R.G. Numerical investigations of wall effects up to high blockage ratios on two-dimensional flow past a confined circular cylinder. Phys. Fluids 2004, 16:1305-1320.
146. Chakraborty J., Verma N., Chhabra R.P. Wall effects in the flow past a circular cylinder in a plane channel: a numerical study. Chem. Eng. Process. 2004, 43:1529-1537.
147. Mettu S., Verma N., Chhabra R.P. Momentum and heat transfer from an asymmetrically confined circular cylinder in a plane channel. Heat Mass Transfer 2006, 42:1037-1048.
148. Hu H.H. Motion of a circular cylinder in a viscous liquid between parallel plates. Theor. Comput. Fluid Dyn. 1995, 7:441-455.
149. de Mestre N.J. Low-Reynolds number fall of slender cylinders near boundaries. J. Fluid Mech. 1973, 58:641-656.
150. Dvinsky A.S., Popel A.S. Motion of a rigid cylinder between parallel plates in Stokes flow. Comput. Fluids 1987, 15:391-404.
151. Semin B., Hulin J.P., Auradou H. Influence of flow confinement on the drag force on a static cylinder. Phys. Fluids 2009, 21:1036041-1036049.
152. N. Jalaiah, V.R. Raghavan, Effects of blockage on flow and heat transfer over a tube in cross flow, Proceedings of the 12th International Heat Transfer Conference, Grenoble, France, 2002, pp. 711-716.
153. Hsieh T.C., Chen J.H. Emergence of attached recirculating eddy for flow around a circular cylinder asymmetrically placed in a channel. J. Mar. Sci. Technol. 2006, 14:147-154.
154. Imai I. A new method of solving Oseen's equations and its applications to the flow past an inclined elliptic cylinder. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 1954, 224:141-160.
155. Hasimoto H. On the flow of a viscous fluid past an inclined elliptic cylinder at small Reynolds numbers. J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 1958, 8:653-661.
156. Lugt H.J., Haussling H.J. Laminar flow past an abruptly accelerated elliptic cylinder at 45° incidence. J. Fluid Mech. 1974, 65:711-734.
157. Meller N.A. Viscous flow past an elliptic cylinder. Comput. Methods Math. Phys. 1978, 18:138-149.
158. Patel V.A. Flow around the impulsively started elliptic cylinder at various angles of attack. Comput. Fluids 1981, 9:435-462.
159. D'Alessio S.J.D., Dennis S.C.R. A vorticity model for viscous flow past a cylinder. Comput. Fluids 1994, 23:279-293.
160. Dennis S.C.R., Young P.J.S. Steady flow past an elliptic cylinder inclined to the stream. J. Eng. Math. 2003, 47:101-120.
161. Ilgarbuis U.R., Butkus A. Hydraulic drag and average heat transfer coefficients for compact bundles of elliptical finned tubes. Heat Transfer Sov. Res. 1988, 20:12-21.
162. Nishiyama H., Ota T., Matsuno T. Forced convection heat transfer from two elliptic cylinders in a tandem arrangement. Trans. JSME 1986, B52:2677-2681.
163. Nishiyama H., Ota T., Matsuno T. Heat transfer and flow around elliptical cylinders in a tandem arrangement. JSME Int. Ser. II 1988, 31:410-419.
164. Ota T., Nishiyama H., Taoka Y. Flow around an elliptic cylinder in the critical Reynolds number regime. J. Fluids Eng. 1987, 109:149-155.
165. Sugihara-Seki M. The motion of an elliptical cylinder in channel flow at low Reynolds numbers. J. Fluid Mech. 1993, 257:575-596.
166. Khan W.A., Culham J.R., Yovanovich M.M. Fluid flow around and heat transfer from elliptical cylinders: analytical approach. J. Thermophys. Heat Transfer 2005, 19:178-185.
167. Sivakumar P., Bharti R.P., Chhabra R.P. Steady flow of power-law fluids across an unconfined elliptical cylinder. Chem. Eng. Sci. 2007, 62:1682-1702.
168. Bharti R.P., Sivakumar P., Chhabra R.P. Forced convection heat transfer from an elliptical cylinder to power-law fluids. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 2008, 51:1838-1853.
169. Gupta A.K., Sharma A., Chhabra R.P., Eswaran V. Two-dimensional steady flow of a power-law fluid past a square cylinder in a plane channel: momentum and heat transfer characteristics. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2003, 42:5674-5686.
170. Paliwal B., Sharma A., Chhabra R.P., Eswaran V. Power law fluid flow past a square cylinder: momentum and heat transfer characteristics. Chem. Eng. Sci. 2003, 58:5315-5329.
171. Dhiman A.K., Chhabra R.P., Eswaran V. Steady flow of power-law fluids across a square cylinder. Chem. Eng. Res. Des. 2006, 84:300-310.
172. Sahu A.K., Chhabra R.P., Eswaran V. Two dimensional unsteady laminar flow of a power-law fluid across a square cylinder. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 2009, 160:157-167.
173. Bouaziz M., Kessentini S., Turki S. Numerical prediction of flow and heat transfer of power-law fluids in a plane channel with a built-in heated square cylinder. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 2010, 53:5420-5429.
174. Dhiman A.K., Chhabra R.P., Eswaran V. Steady flow across a confined square cylinder: effects of power-law index and of blockage. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 2008, 148:141-150.
175. Sahu A.K., Chhabra R.P., Eswaran V. Two-dimensional laminar flow of a power-law fluid across a confined square cylinder. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 2010, 165:752-763.
176. Dhole S.D., Chhabra R.P., Eswaran V. Flow of power-law fluids past a sphere at intermediate Reynolds numbers. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2006, 45:4773-4781.
177. Song D., Gupta R.K., Chhabra R.P. Wall effects on a sphere falling in quiescent power-law fluids in cylindrical tubes. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2009, 48:5845-5856.
178. Song D., Gupta R.K., Chhabra R.P. Drag on a sphere in Poiseuille flow of shear-thinning power-law fluids. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2011, 51. doi:10.1021/ie102120p.
179. Rao P.K., Sasmal C., Sahu A.K., Chhabra R.P., Eswaran V. Effect of power-law fluid behaviour on momentum and heat transfer characteristics of an inclined square cylinder in steady flow regime. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 2011, 54:2854-2867.
180. Nitin S., Chhabra R.P. Non-isothermal flow of a power-law fluid past a rectangular obstacle (of aspect ratio 1×2) in a channel: drag and heat transfer. Int. J. Eng. Sci. 2005, 43:707-720.
181. Reid R.C., Prausnitz J.M., Poling B. The Properties of Gases and Liquids 1988, McGraw Hill, New York, NY. fifth ed.
182. Chang M.W., Finlayson B.A. Heat transfer in flow past cylinders at Re≤150, Part I: Calculations for constant fluid properties. Numer. Heat Transfer 1987, 12:179-195.
183. Chang M.W., Finlayson B.A., Sleicher C.A. Heat transfer in flow past cylinder at Re<150, Part II: Experiments and theory for variable fluid properties. Numer. Heat Transfer 1987, 12:197-210.
184. Ahmad R.A. Steady-state numerical solution of the Navier-Stokes and energy equations around a horizontal cylinder at moderate Reynolds numbers from 100 to 500. Heat Transfer Eng. 1996, 17:31-81.
185. -4 ≤Re≤200. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 1998, 41:3409-3430.
186. Zukauskas A. Convective heat transfer in cross-flow. Handbook of Single-Phase Convective Heat Transfer 1987, 6.1-6.45. Wiley, New York, NY. A. Zukauskas, S. Kakac, R.K. Shah, W. Aung (Eds.).
187. Bharti R.P., Chhabra R.P., Eswaran V. A numerical study of the steady forced convection heat transfer from an unconfined circular cylinder. Heat Mass Transfer 2007, 43:639-648.
188. Churchill S.W., Chu H.H.S. Correlating equations for laminar and turbulent free convection from a horizontal cylinder. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 1975, 18:1049-1053.
189. Fand R.M., Brucker J.A. A correlation for heat transfer by natural convection from horizontal cylinders that accounts for viscous dissipation. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 1983, 26:709-726.
190. 7 . Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 1977, 20:1173-1184.
191. Kreith F. The CRC Handbook of Thermal Engineering 2000, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
192. Martynenko O.G., Khramstov P.P. Free Convective Heat Transfer 2005, Springer, New York, NY.
193. Zukauskas A., Zingza A. Heat Transfer of Cylinder in Cross Flow 1985, Hemisphere, Washington, DC.
194. Sparrow E.M., Abraham J.P., Tong J.C.K. Archival correlations for average heat transfer coefficients for non-circular and circular cylinders and for spheres in crossflow. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 2004, 47:5285-5296.
195. Sanitjai S., Goldstein R.J. Heat transfer from a circular cylinder in mixtures of water and ethylene glycol. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 2004, 47:4785-4805.
196. Serth R.W., Kiser K.M. A solution of the two-dimensional boundary-layer equations for an Ostwald-de Waele fluid. Chem. Eng. Sci. 1967, 22:945-956.
197. Mizushina T., Usui H. Approximate solution of the boundary layer equations for the flow of a non-Newtonian fluid around a circular cylinder. Heat Transfer Jpn. Res. 1978, 7:83-92.
198. Bizzell G.D., Slattery J.C. Non-Newtonian boundary-layer flow. Chem. Eng. Sci. 1962, 17:777-782.
199. C.J. Wolf, A.A. Szewcyzk, Laminar heat transfer to non-Newtonian fluids from arbitrary cylinders, Proceedings of Third International Heat Transfer Conference, Chicago, vol. 1, 1966, pp. 388-397.
200. Lin F.N., Chern S.Y. Laminar boundary-layer flow of non-Newtonian fluid. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 1979, 22:1323-1329.
201. Kim H.W., Jeng D.R., De Witt K.J. Momentum and heat transfer in power-law fluid flow over two-dimensional or axisymmetric bodies. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 1983, 26:245-259.
202. Nakayama A., Shenoy A.V., Koyama H. An analysis for forced convection heat transfer from external surfaces to non-Newtonian fluids. Warme-und Stoffubertragung 1986, 20:219-227.
203. Shenoy A.V., Nakayama A. Forced convection heat transfer for axisymmetric bodies to non-Newtonian fluids. Can. J. Chem. Eng. 1986, 64:680-686.
204. Andersson H.I. The Nakayama-Koyama approach to laminar forced convection heat transfer to power-law fluids. Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow 1988, 9:343-346.
205. Wang T.Y., Kleinstreuer C. Local skin friction and heat transfer in combined free-forced convection from a cylinder or sphere to a power-law fluid. Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow 1988, 9:182-187.
206. W.A. Khan, J.R. Culham, M.M. Yovanovich, Fluid flow and heat transfer in power-law fluids across circular cylinders-analytical study, Proceedings of International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, IMECE 2005-79941, Orlando, FL, 2005, pp. 1-13.
207. Bharti R.P., Chhabra R.P., Eswaran V. Steady forced convection heat transfer from a heated circular cylinder to power-law fluids. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 2007, 50:977-990.
208. Bharti R.P., Chhabra R.P., Eswaran V. Effect of blockage on heat transfer from a cylinder to power-law fluids. Chem. Eng. Sci. 2007, 62:4729-4741.
209. Patnana V.K., Bharti R.P., Chhabra R.P. Two dimensional unsteady forced convection heat transfer in power-law fluids from a cylinder. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 2010, 53:4152-4167.
210. Soares A.A., Ferreira J.M., Caramelo L., Anacleto J., Chhabra R.P. Effect of temperature-dependent viscosity on forced convection heat transfer from a cylinder in cross flow of power-law fluids. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 2010, 53:4152-4167.
211. Dhole S.D., Chhabra R.P., Eswaran V. Forced convection heat transfer from a sphere to non-Newtonian power-law fluids. AIChE J. 2006, 52:3658-3667.
212. Song D., Gupta R.K., Chhabra R.P. Effect of blockage on heat transfer from a sphere in power-law fluids. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2010, 49:3849-3861.
213. Westerberg K.W., Finlayson B.A. Heat transfer to spheres from a polymer melt. Numer. Heat Transfer A 1990, 17:329-348.
214. A.V. Luikov, Z.P. Shulman, B.M. Berkovsky, Heat and mass transfer in a boundary layer of non-Newtonian fluids, Proceedings of Third International Heat Transfer Conference, Chicago, vol. 1, 1966.
215. Luikov A.V., Shulman Z.P., Puris B.I. Mass transfer of cylinder in forced flow of non-Newtonian viscoelastic fluid. Heat Transfer Sov. Res. 1969, 1:121-132.
216. Luikov A.V., Shulman Z.P., Puris B.I. External convection mass transfer of cylinder in non-Newtonian fluids. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 1969, 12:377-391.
217. Takashi K., Maeda M., Ikai S. Experimental study of heat transfer from a cylinder submerged in a non-Newtonian fluid. Die dem Nahenungsansatz von K. Pohlhausen Genugen, Lilenthal Bericht 1977, 510:335-339.
218. Mizushina T., Usui H., Veno K., Kato T. Experiments of pseudo-plastic fluid cross flow around a circular cylinder. Heat Transfer Jpn. Res. 1978, 7:92-101.
219. Kumar S., Mall B.K., Upadhyay S.N. On the mass transfer in non-Newtonian fluids. II. Transfer from cylinders to power-law fluids. Lett. Heat Mass Transfer 1980, 7:55-64.
220. Ghosh U.K., Gupta S.N., Kumar S., Upadhyay S.N. Mass transfer in cross-flow of non-Newtonian fluid around a circular cylinder. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 1986, 29:955-960.
221. Rao B.K. Heat transfer to non-Newtonian flows over a cylinder in cross flow. Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow 2000, 21:693-700.
222. Ogawa K., Kuroda C., Inoue I. Forced convection mass transfer in viscoelastic fluid around a sphere and a cylinder. J. Chem. Eng. Jpn. 1984, 17:654-656.
223. Rao B.K., Phillips B.J., Andrews J. Heat transfer to viscoelastic polymer solutions flowing over a smooth cylinder. Appl. Thermal Eng. 1996, 1:355-365.
224. Eckert E.R.G., Soehngen E. Distribution of heat transfer coefficients around circular cylinders in cross flow at Reynolds numbers from 20 to 500. Trans. ASME 1952, 74:343-347.
225. Narain J.P. Free and forced convective heat transfer from slender cylinders. Lett. Heat Mass Transfer 1976, 3:21-30.
226. Yao L.S., Catton I., McDonough J.M. Free-forced convection from a heated longitudinal horizontal cylinder. Numer. Heat Transfer 1978, 1:255-266.
227. Farouk B., Guceri S.I. Natural and mixed convection heat transfer around a horizontal cylinder within confining walls. Numer. Heat Transfer 1982, 5:329-341.
228. Merk H.J., Prins J.A. Thermal convection in laminar boundary layers, Parts I, II and III. Appl. Sci. Res. 1953-54, 4:11-24. 195-206, 207-224.
229. Wilks G. External natural convection about two-dimensional bodies with constant heat flux. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 1972, 15:351-354.
230. Peterka J.A., Richardson P.D. Natural convection from a horizontal cylinder at moderate Grashof numbers. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 1969, 12:749-752.
231. Kuehn T.N., Goldstein R.J. Numerical solution to the Navier-Stokes equations for laminar natural convection about a horizontal isothermal circular cylinder. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 1980, 23:971-979.
232. Kitamura K., Kami-iwa F., Misumi T. Heat transfer and fluid flow of natural convection around large horizontal cylinders. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 1999, 42:4093-4106.
233. Atayilmaz S.O., Teke I. Experimental and numerical study of the natural convection from a heated horizontal cylinder. Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transfer 2009, 36:731-738.
234. Moon S.H., Johnson A.T., Shih T.M. Numerical analysis of mixed convection from horizontal cylinders. J. Agric. Eng. Res. 1987, 38:289-300.
235. Saitoh T., Sajik T., Maruhara K. Benchmark solutions to natural convection heat transfer problem around a horizontal circular cylinder. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 1993, 36:1251-1259.
236. Zeitoun O., Ali M. Numerical investigation of natural convection around isothermal horizontal rectangular ducts. Numer. Heat Transfer 2006, 50A:189-204.
237. Wang P., Kahawita R., Nguyen T.H. Numerical computation of the natural convection flow about a horizontal cylinder using splines. Numer. Heat Transfer A 1990, 17:191-215.
238. Wang P., Kahawita R., Nguyen D.L. Transient laminar natural convection from horizontal cylinders. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 1991, 34:1429-1442.
239. Prhashanna A., Chhabra R.P. Laminar natural convection from a horizontal cylinder in power-law fluids. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2011, 50:2424-2440.
240. Acrivos A. Heat transfer from a cylinder to a power-law non-Newtonian fluid. AIChE J. 1960, 6:584-590.
241. Chang T.C.A., Jeng D.R., DeWitt K.J. Natural convection to power-law fluids from two-dimensional or axisymmetric bodies of arbitrary contour. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 1988, 31:615-624.
242. Lyons D.W., White J.W., Hatcher J.D. Laminar natural convection heat transfer in dilute polymer solutions. Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundam. 1972, 11:586-588.
243. Gentry C.C., Wollersheim D.E. Local free convection to non-Newtonian fluids from a horizontal isothermal cylinder. J. Heat Transfer 1974, 96:3-8.
244. Ng M.L., Hartnett J.P. Natural convection in power-law fluids. Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transfer 1986, 13:115-120.
245. Ng M.L., Hartnett J.P. Free convection heat transfer from horizontal wires to pseudoplastic fluids. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 1988, 31:441-447.
246. Ng M.L., Hartnett J.P., Hu R.Y.Z. Natural convection to horizontal wires-the conduction limit. Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transfer 1988, 15:293-302.
247. Ng M.L., Hartnett J.P., Kwack E.Y. Natural convection from horizontal wires to viscoelastic fluids. J. Heat Transfer 1986, 108:790-795.
248. Fujii T., Takeuchi M., Fujii M., Suzaki K., Uehara H. Experiments on natural convection heat transfer from the outer surface of a vertical cylinder to liquids. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 1970, 13:753-787.
249. R.P. Chhabra, Free convective mass transfer from vertical short cylinders to non-Newtonian fluids, Proceedings of Third ISHMT-ASME Heat and Mass Transfer Conference, 1997, pp. 507-512.
250. Hatton A.P., James D.D., Swire H.V. Combined forced and natural convection with low-speed air flow over horizontal cylinders. J. Fluid Mech. 1970, 42:17-31.
251. Kieft R.N., Rindt C.C.M., Steenhoven A.A.V. The wake behaviour behind a heated horizontal cylinder. Exp. Thermal Fluid Sci. 1999, 19:183-193.
252. Badr H.M. A theoretical study of laminar mixed convection from a horizontal cylinder in a cross stream. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 1983, 26:639-653.
253. H. Hu, M. Kochesfahani, The wake behind a heated cylinder in forced and mixed convection regimes, ASME Summer Heat Transfer Conference, ASME, San Francisco, CA, 2005.
254. Khyati B.V., Hui H., Wang Z.J. Numerical investigation of effect of buoyancy on the wake instability of a heated cylinder in contra flow. AIAA 2007, 0801:1-19.
255. Chen C-K., Yang Y-T., Wu S-R. Laminar mixed convection from a circular cylinder using a body-fitted coordinate system. J. Thermophys. Heat Transfer 1994, 8:695-701.
256. Collis D.C., Williams M.J. Two-dimensional convection from heated wires at low Reynolds number. J. Fluid Mech. 1959, 9:357-384.
257. Fand R.M., Keswani K.K. Combined natural and forced convection heat transfer from horizontal cylinders to water. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 1973, 16:1175-1191.
258. Villimpoc V., Cole R., Sukanek P.C. Heat transfer in Newtonian liquids around a circular cylinder. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 1990, 33:447-456.
259. Sarma G.K., Sukhatme S.P. Combined free and forced convection heat transfer from a heated tube to a transverse air stream. J. Heat Transfer 1969, 91:457-459.
260. Sparrow E.M., Lee L. Analysis of mixed convection about a horizontal cylinder. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 1976, 19:229-232.
261. Badr H.M. Laminar combined convection from a horizontal cylinder-parallel and contra flow regimes. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 1984, 27:15-27.
262. Badr H.M. On the effect of flow direction on mixed convection from a horizontal cylinder. Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids 1985, 5:1-12.
263. Ahmad R.A., Qureshi Z.H. Laminar mixed convection from a uniform heat flux horizontal cylinder in a crossflow. J. Thermophys. Heat Transfer 1992, 6:277-287.
264. Ahmad R.A., Qureshi Z.H. Buoyancy effects on forced convection from a horizontal cylinder in a cross flow. J. Thermophys. Heat Transfer 1993, 7:574-581.
265. Wong K.-L., Chen C.-K. The finite element solution of laminar combined convection from a horizontal cylinder. Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng. 1985, 50:147-161.
266. Chang K.-S., Sa J.-Y. The effect of buoyancy on vortex shedding in the near wake of a circular cylinder. J. Fluid Mech. 1990, 220:253-266.
267. Patnaik B.S.V., Narayana P.S.A., Seetharamu K.N. Numerical simulation of vortex shedding past a circular cylinder under the influence of buoyancy. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 1999, 42:3495-3507.
268. Soares A.A., Anacleto J., Caramelo L., Ferreira J.M., Chhabra R.P. Mixed convection from a circular cylinder to power-law fluids. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2009, 48:8219-8231.
269. Srinivas A.T., Bharti R.P., Chhabra R.P. Mixed convection heat transfer from a cylinder in power-law fluids: effect of aiding buoyancy. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2009, 48:9735-9754.
270. Chao B., Fagbenle R. On Merk's methods of calculating boundary layer transfer. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 1974, 17:223-240.
271. D'Alessio S.J.D., Dennis S.C.R. Steady laminar forced convection from an elliptic cylinder. J. Eng. Math. 1995, 29:181-193.
272. Badr H.M. Mixed convection from a straight isothermal tube of elliptic cross-section. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 1994, 37:2343-2365.
273. Badr H.M. Forced convection from a straight elliptical tube. Heat Mass Transfer 1998, 34:229-236.
274. Ahmad E.H., Badr H.M. Mixed convection from an elliptic tube placed in a fluctuating free stream. Int. J. Eng. Sci. 2001, 39:669-693.
275. Badr H.M., Shamsher K. Free convection from an elliptic cylinder with major axis vertical. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 1993, 36:3593-3602.
276. Badr H.M. Laminar natural convection from an elliptic tube with different orientations. J. Heat Transfer 1997, 119:709-718.
277. Chen Y.-M., Wang K.-C. Numerical and experimental studies on natural convection from a horizontal elliptic cylinder. J. Chin. Inst. Chem. Eng. 1996, 27:353-362.
278. Mahfouz F.M., Kocabiyik S. Transient numerical simulation of buoyancy driven flow adjacent to an elliptic tube. Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow 2003, 24:864-873.
279. Ahmad S., Arifin N.M., Nazar R., Pop I. Free convection boundary layer flow over cylinders of elliptic cross section with constant surface heat flux. Eur. J. Sci. Res. 2008, 23:613-625.
280. D'Alessio S.J.D., Finlay L.A., Pascal J.P. Free convection from elliptic cylinders at small Grashof numbers. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 2008, 51:1379-1392.
281. D'Alessio S.J.D., Perera R.N. Unsteady free convection from elliptic cylinders at large Grashof numbers. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 2009, 52:5940-5953.
282. Corcione M., Habib E. Multi-Prandtl correlating equations for free convection heat transfer from a horizontal tube of elliptic cross-section. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 2009, 52:1353-1364.
283. Huang S.Y., Mayinger F. Heat transfer with natural convection around elliptic tubes. Warne-und Stoffubertragung 1984, 18:175-183.
284. Elsayed A.O., Ibrahim E.Z., Elsayed S.A. Free convection from a constant heat flux elliptic tube. Energy Convers. Manage. 2003, 44:2445-2453.
285. Yousefi T., Ashjaee M. Experimental study of natural convection heat transfer from vertical array of isothermal horizontal elliptic cylinders. Exp. Thermal Fluid Sci. 2007, 32:240-248.
286. Ashjaee M., Yousefi T., Amiri M. Free convection heat transfer from a confined horizontal elliptic cylinder. Heat Transfer Eng. 2006, 27:116-124.
287. Reymond O., Murray D.B., O'Donovan T.S. Natural convection heat transfer from two horizontal cylinders. Exp. Fluid Thermal Sci. 2008, 32:1702-1709.
288. C. Sasmal, R.P. Chhabra, Heat transfer by natural convection from a heated horizontal elliptic cylinder submerged in stagnant power-law liquids, Submitted for publication, 2011.
289. Nada S.A., El-Batsh H., Moawed M. Heat transfer and fluid flow around semi-circular tube in cross flow at different orientations. Heat Mass Transfer 2007, 43:1157-1169.
290. Farhadi M., Sedighi K., Korayem A.M. Effect of wall proximity on forced convection in a plane channel with a built-in triangular cylinder. Int. J. Thermal Sci. 2010, 49:1-9.
291. Knisely C.W. Strouhal numbers of rectangular cylinders at incidence: a review and new data. J. Fluids Struct 1990, 4:371-393.
292. Dhiman A.K., Chhabra R.P., Eswaran V. Flow and heat transfer across a confined square cylinder in the steady flow regime: effect of Peclet number. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 2005, 48:4598-4614.
293. Dhiman A.K., Chhabra R.P., Sharma A., Eswaran V. Effects of Reynolds and Prandtl numbers on heat transfer across a square cylinder in the steady flow regime. Numer. Heat Transfer A 2006, 49:717-731.
294. Sahu A.K., Chhabra R.P., Eswaran V. Effects of Reynolds and Prandtl numbers on heat transfer from a square cylinder in the unsteady flow regime. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 2009, 52:839-850.
295. Dhiman A.K., Chhabra R.P., Eswaran V. Heat transfer to power-law fluids from a heated square cylinder. Numer. Heat Transfer 2007, 52:185-201.
296. Sahu A.K., Chhabra R.P., Eswaran V. Forced convection heat transfer from a heated square cylinder to power law fluids in the unsteady flow regime. Numer. Heat Transfer A 2009, 56:109-131.
297. Sahu A.K., Chhabra R.P., Eswaran V. Effect of blockage on forced convection heat transfer from a heated square cylinder to power-law fluids. Numer. Heat Transfer A 2010, 58:641-659.
298. Dhiman A.K., Anjaiah N., Chhabra R.P., Eswaran V. Mixed convection from a heated square cylinder to Newtonian and power-law fluids. J. Fluids Eng. 2007, 129:506-513.
299. Dhiman A.K., Chhabra R.P., Eswaran V. Steady mixed convection from a confined square cylinder. Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transfer 2008, 35:47-55.
300. Raithby G.D., Hollands K.G.T. A general method of obtaining approximate solutions to laminar and turbulent free convection problems. Adv. Heat Transfer 1975, 11:265-315.
301. Hassani A.V. Natural convection heat transfer from cylinders of arbitrary cross-section. J. Heat Transfer 1992, 114:768-773.
302. Hassani A.V., Hollands K.G.T. On natural convection heat transfer from three-dimensional bodies of arbitrary shape. J. Heat Transfer 1989, 111:363-372.
303. Chang K.S., Choi C.J. Separated laminar natural convection above a horizontal isothermal square cylinder. Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transfer 1986, 13:201-208.
304. Cho C.H., Chang K.S. Experimental observations of temperature inversions over the horizontal square cylinder in natural convection. Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transfer 1984, 11:275-281.
305. Chang K.S., Choi C.J., Cho C.H. Laminar natural convection heat transfer from sharp-edged horizontal bars with flow separation. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 1988, 31:1177-1187.
306. Zeitoun O., Ali M. Numerical investigation of natural convection around isothermal horizontal rectangular ducts. Numer. Heat Transfer A 2006, 50:189-204.
307. Al-Arabi M., Sarhan A. Natural convection heat transfer from square cylinders. Appl. Sci. Res. 1984, 41:93-104.
308. Popiel C.O., Wojtkowiak J. Experiments on free convective heat transfer from side walls of a vertical square cylinder in air. Exp. Thermal Fluid Sci. 2004, 29:1-8.
309. Ali M.E. Natural convection heat transfer from horizontal rectangular ducts. J. Heat Transfer 2007, 129:1195-1202.
310. Sasmal C., Chhabra R.P. Laminar natural convection from a heated square cylinder immersed in power-law liquids. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 2011, 166:811-830.
311. Eckert E.R.G., Soehngen E.E. Studies on heat transfer with laminar free convection with the Zehnder-Mach interferometer. Tech. Rep 1948, 5747. USAF Air Material Command.
312. Panda S.K., Chhabra R.P. Laminar flow of power-law fluids past a rotating cylinder. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 2010, 165:1442-1461.
313. Panda S.K., Chhabra R.P. Laminar forced convection heat transfer from a rotating cylinder to power-law fluids. Numer. Heat Transfer 2011, 59A:297-319.
314. Patil R.C., Bharti R.P., Chhabra R.P. Steady flow of power-law fluids over a pair of cylinders in tandem arrangement. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2008, 47:1660-1683.
315. Patil R.C., Bharti R.P., Chhabra R.P. Forced convection heat transfer in power-law liquids from a pair of cylinders in tandem arrangement. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2008, 47:9141-9164.
316. Tripathi A., Chhabra R.P. Slow power-law fluid flow relative to an array of cylinders. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1992, 31:2754-2759.
317. Tripathi A., Chhabra R.P. Transverse laminar flow of non-Newtonian fluids over a bank of cylinders. Chem. Eng. Commun. 1996, 147:197-212.
318. Vijaysri M., Chhabra R.P., Eswaran V. Power-law fluid flow across an array of infinite circular cylinders: a numerical study. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 1999, 87:263-282.
319. Shibu S., Chhabra R.P., Eswaran V. Power-law fluid flow over a bundle of cylinders at intermediate Reynolds numbers. Chem. Eng. Sci. 2001, 56:5545-5554.
320. Dhotkar B.N., Chhabra R.P., Eswaran V. Flow of non-Newtonian polymeric solutions in fibrous media. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2000, 76:1171-1185.
321. Chhabra R.P., Dhotkar B.N., Eswaran V., Satheesh V.K., Vijaysri M. Steady flow of Newtonian and dilatant fluids over an array of long circular cylinders. J. Chem. Eng. Jpn. 2000, 33:832-841.
322. Mangadoddy N., Prakash R., Chhabra R.P., Eswaran V. Forced convection in cross flow of power-law fluids over a tube bank. Chem. Eng. Sci. 2004, 59:2213-2222.
323. Spelt P.D.M., Selerland T., Lawrence C.J., Lee P.D. Flow of inelastic non-Newtonian fluids through arrays of aligned cylinders, Part 1: Creeping flow. J. Eng. Math. 2004, 51:57-80. Also see p. 81.
324. Spelt P.D.M., Yeow A.Y., Lawrence C.J., Selerland T. Creeping flows of Bingham fluids through arrays of aligned cylinders. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 2005, 129:66-74.
325. Woods J.K., Spelt P.D.M., Lee P.D., Selerland T., Lawrence C.J. Creeping flows of power-law fluids through periodic arrays of elliptical cylinders. J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 2003, 111:211-228.