Will harmful dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi grow phagotrophically?

Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology

Volumn 29, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 849-859

  Zhang, Qingchun ^a,b   Yu, Rencheng ^a   Song, Jingjing ^a,b   Yan, Tian ^a   Wang, Yunfeng ^a   Zhou, Mingjiang ^a  

^a INSTITUTE OF OCEANOLOGY   (China)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES   (China)

Author keywords

fluorescent microsphere; Isochrysis galbana; Karenia mikimotoi; marine bacteria; phagotrophy

Indexed keywords

BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); DINOPHYCEAE; ISOCHRYSIS GALBANA; KARENIA MIKIMOTOI;

EID: 82055196604     PISSN: 02544059     EISSN: 19935005     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00343-011-0513-9     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Berge T, Hansen P J, Moestrup O. 2008. Feeding mechanism, prey specificity and growth in light and dark of the plastidic dinoflagellate Karlodinium armiger. Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 50(3): 279-288.
2. Burkholder J M, Glibert P M, Skelton H M. 2008. Mixotrophy, a major mode of nutrition for harmful algal species in Eutrophic Waters. Harmful Algae, 8(1): 77-93.
3. Davidson K, Miller P, Wilding T A, Shutler J, Bresnan E, Kennington K, Swan S. 2009. A large and prolonged bloom of Karenia mikimotoi in Scottish Waters in 2006. Harmful Algae, 8(2): 349-361.
4. Glibert P M, Burkholder J M, Kana T M, Alexander J, Skelton H, Shilling C. 2009. Grazing by Karenia brevis on Synechococcus enhances its growth rate and may help to sustain blooms. Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 55(1): 17-30.
5. Hansen P J, Calado A J. 1999. Phagotrophic mechanisms and prey selection in free-living Dinoflagellates. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 46(4): 382-389.
6. Jeong H J, Du Yoo Y, Park J Y, Song J Y, Kim S T, Lee S H, Kim K Y, Yih W H. 2005a. Feeding by phototrophic red-tide Dinoflagellates: five species newly revealed and six species previously known to be mixotrophic. Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 40(2): 133-150.
7. Jeong H J, Park J Y, Nho J H, Park M O, Ha J H, Seong K A, Jeng C, Seong C N, Lee K Y, Yih W H. 2005b. Feeding by red-tide dinoflagellates on the Cyanobacterium Synechococcus. Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 41(2): 131-143.
8. Jeong H J, Yeong D Y, Seong K A, Kim J H, Park J Y, Kim S, Lee S H, Ha J H, Yih W H. 2005c. Feeding by the mixotrophic red-tide dinoilagellate Gonyaulax polygramma: mechanisms, prey species, effects of prey concentration, and grazing impact. Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 38(3): 249-257.
9. Jeong H J, Seong K A, Du Yoo Y, Kim T H, Kang N S, Kim S, Park J Y, Kim J S, Kim G H, Song J Y. 2008. Feeding and grazing impact by small marine heterotrophic dinoflagellates on heterotrophic bacteria. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 55(4): 271-288.
10. Jeong H J, Yoo Y D, Kim J S, Kim T H, Kim J H, Kang N S, Yih W. 2004. Mixotrophy in the phototrophic harmful alga Cochlodinium polykrikoides (Dinophycean): prey species, the effects of prey concentration, and grazing impact. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 51(5): 563-569.
11. Jones H L J, Durjun P, Leadbeater B S C, Green J C. 1995. The relationship between photoacclimation and phagotrophy with respect to chlorophyll-a, carbon and nitrogen-content, and cell-size of chrysochromulina-brevifilum (Prymnesiophyceae). Phycologia, 34(2): 128-134.
12. Kodama M. 1990. Possible Links between Bacteria and Toxin Production in Algal Blooms. In: Granéli E P, Sundström B, Edler L, Anderson D M eds. Toxic Marine Phytoplanton. New York, Elsever. p. 52-60.
13. Landsberg J H. 2002. The Effects of harmful algal blooms on aquatic organisms. Reviews in Fisheries Science, 10(2): 113-390.
14. Lane D J, Pace B, Olsen G J, Stahl D A, Sogin M L, Pace N R. 1985. Rapid-determination of 16s ribosomal-RNA sequences for phylogenetic analyses. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 82(20): 6 955-6 959.
15. Legrand C, Carlsson P. 1998a. Uptake of high molecular weight Dextran by the dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella. Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 16(1): 81-86.
16. Legrand C, Graneli E, Carlsson P. 1998b. Induced phagotrophy in the photosynthetic dinoflagellate Heterocapsa triquetra. Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 15(1): 65-75.
17. Li A S, Stoecker D K, Adolf J E. 1999. Feeding, pigmentation, photosynthesis and growth of the mixotrophic dinoflagellate Gyrodinium galatheanum. Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 19(2): 163-176.
18. Li A S, Stoecker D K, Coats D W. 2000a. Mixotrophy in Gyrodinium galatheanum (Dinophyceae): grazing responses tolLight intensity and inorganic nutrients. Journal of Phycology, 36(1): 33-45.
19. Li A S, Stoecker D K, Coats D W. 2000b. Spatial and temporal aspects of Gyrodinium galatheanum in Chesapeake Bay: distribution and mixotrophy. Journal of Plankton Research, 22(11): 2 105-2 124.
20. Li A S, Stoecker D K, Coats D W, Adam E J. 1996. Ingestion of fluorescently labeled and phycoerythrin-containing prey by mixotrophic dinoflagellates. Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 10(2): 139-147.
21. Lu S H, Hodgkiss I J. 2004. Harmful algal bloom causative collected from Hong Kong waters. Hydrobiologia, 512(1-3): 231-238.
22. Mitchell S, Rodger H. 2007. Pathology of wild and cultured fish affected by a Karenia mikimotoi bloom in Ireland, 2005. Bulletin of the European Association of Fish Pathologists, 27(1): 39-42.
23. Nygaard K. 1993. Bacteriovory in Algae: A survival strategy during nutrient limitation. Limnology and Oceanography, 38(2): 273-279.
24. Ogata T, Koike K, Nomura S, Kodama M. 1996. Utilization of Organic Substances for Growth and Toxin Production by Alexandrium tamatense. In: Yasumoto T, Oshima T, Fukuyo Y eds., Harmful and Toxic Algal Blooms. Sendai, Japan, Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO. p. 343-346.
25. Raine R, O'Boyle S, O'Higgins T, White M, Patching J, Cahill B, McMahon T. 2001. A satellite and field portrait of a Karenia mikimotoi bloom off the South Coast of Ireland, August 1998. Hydrobiologia, 465(1-3): 187-193.
26. Satake M, Shoji M, Oshima Y, Naoki H, Fujita T, Yasumoto T. 2002. Gymnocin-a, a cytotoxic polyether from the notorious red tide dinoflagellate, Gymnodinium mikimotoi. Tetrahedron Letters, 43(33): 5 829-5 832.
27. Satake M, Tanaka Y, Ishikura Y, Oshima Y, Naoki H, Yasumoto T. 2005. Gymnocin-B with the largest contiguous polyether rings from the red tide dinotlagellate, Karenia (Formerly Gymnodinium) mikimotoi. Tetrahedron Letters, 46(20): 3 537-3 540.
28. Seong K A, Jeong H J, Kim S, Kim G H, Kang J H. 2006. Bacterivory by co-occurring red-tide algae, heterotrophic nanoflagellates, and ciliates. Marine Ecology-Progress Series, 322: 85-97.
29. Sherr B F, Sherr E B, Fallon R D. 1987. Use of monodispersed, fluorescently labeled bacteria to estimate in situ protozoan bacterivory. Applied and Environmental Microbiology53(5): 958-965.
30. Simidu U, Tsukamoto K. 1985. Habitat segregation and biochemical activities of marine members of the family vibrionaceae. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 50(4): 781-790.
31. Skovgaard A. 1999. Physiological Aspects of Mixotrophy in Dinoflagellates. Ph. D. thesis Marinbiologisk Laboratorium Københavns Universitet.
32. Skovgaard A. 2000. A Phagotrophically Derivable growth factor in the plastidic Dinoflagellate Gyrodinium resplendens (Dinophyceae). Journal of Phycology, 36(6): 1 069-1 078.
33. Smalley G W, Coats D W, Adam E J. 1999. A new method using fluorescent microspheres to determine grazing on ciliates by the mixotrophic dinoflagellate Ceratium furca. Aquatic Microbial Ecology, 17(2): 167-179.
34. Smalley G W, Coats D W, Stoecker D K. 2003. Feeding in the mixotrophic dinoflagellate Ceratium furca is influenced by intracellular nutrient concentrations. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 262: 137-151.
35. Steidinger K A, Tangen K. 1996. Dinoflagellates. In: Tomas C R, ed. Identifying Marine Diatoms and Dinoflagellates: San Diego: Academic Press. p. 387-584.
36. Stibor H, Sommer U. 2003. Mixotrophy of a photosynthetic flagellate viewed from an optimal foraging perspective. Protist, 154(1): 91-98.
37. Stoecker D, Tillmann U, Granéli E. 2006. Phagotrophy in harmful algae. In: Granéli E, Turner J T eds. Ecology of Harmful Algae. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 177-187.
38. Stoecker D K. 1999. Mixotrophy among Dinoflagellates. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 46(4): 397-401.
39. Stoecker D K, Li A S, Coats D W, Gustafson D E, Nannen M K. 1997. Mixotrophy in the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum minimum. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 152(1-3): 1-12.
40. Takahashi M, Fukazawa N. 1982. A mechanism of "red-tide" formation. Marine Biology, 70: 267-273.
41. Wang X J, Yu R C, Luo X, Zhou M J, Lin X T. 2008. Toxin-screening and identification of bacteria isolated from highly toxic marine gastropod Nassarius semiplicatus. Toxicon, 52(1): 55-61.
42. Yamaguchi M. 1994. Physiological ecology of the red tide flagellate Gymnodinium nagasakiense (Dinophyceae). mechanism of the red tide occurrence and its prediction. Bulletin of the Nansei National Fisheries Research Institute, 27: 251-394.
43. Yoo Y D, Jeong H J, Kim M S, Kang N S, Song J Y, Shin W, Kim K Y, Lee K. 2009. Feeding by phototrophic red-tide Dinoflagellates on the ubiquitous marine Diatom Skeletonema costatum. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 56(5): 413-420.
44. Zhou M J, Zhu M Y. 2006. Progress of the project "Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms in China". Advance in Earth Science, 21(7): 673-679. (in Chinese with English abstract).