Illegal logging in the Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park, the Philippines

Conservation and Society

Volumn 9, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 202-215

  Van Der Ploeg, Jan ^a   Van Weerd, Merlijn ^a   Masipiqueña, Andres ^b   Persoon, Gerard ^a  

^a LEIDEN UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

^b ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY   (Philippines)

Author keywords

corruption; illegal logging; law enforcement; Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park; Philippines; poverty

Indexed keywords

EID: 82055194394     PISSN: 09724923     EISSN: 09753133     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4103/0972-4923.86991     Document Type: Article

References (81)

1. Aquino, D.M. 2004. Resource management in ancestral lands: The Bugkalots in northeastern Luzon. Ph.D. thesis. Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.
2. Bankoff, G. 2009. A month in the life of José Salud, forester in the Spanish Philippines, July 1882. Global Environment 3: 8-47.
3. Brack. D. 2007. Illegal logging: Briefi ng paper. London: Chatham House.
4. Broad, R. and J. Cavanagh. 1993. Plundering paradise: The struggle for the environment in the Philippines. Berkeley: University of California Press.
5. Brooks, T.M, R.A. Mittermeier, C.G. Mittermeier, G.A.B. da Fonseca, A.B. Rylands, W.R. Konstant, P. Flick, et al. 2002. Habitat loss and extinction in the hotspots of biodiversity. Conservation Biology 16(4): 909-923. (Pubitemid 34850384)
6. Cadabona, B. 2007. Isabela PENRO named outstanding forester. Manila Bulletin. May 29, 2007: 19.
7. Casson, A. and K. Obidzinski. 2002. From New Order to regional autonomy: Shifting dynamics of illegal logging in Kalimantan, Indonesia. World Development 30(12): 2133-2151. (Pubitemid 35409809)
8. Chokkalingam, U., A.P. Carandang, J.M. Pulhin, R.D. Lasco, R.J.J. Peras and T. Toma. (eds.). 2006. One century of forest rehabilitation in the Philippines. Approaches, outcomes and lessons. Bogor: CIFOR.
9. Colchester, M., M. Boscolo, A. Contreras-Hermosilla, F.D. Gatto, J. Dempsey, G. Lescuyer, K. Obidzinski, et al. 2006. Justice in the forest: Rural livelihoods and forest law enforcement. Bogor: CIFOR.
10. Contreras, A.P. 2002. Locating the political in the ecological: Globalization, state-civil society articulations, and environmental governance in the Philippines. Manila: De La Salle University Press.
11. Coronel, S.S., Y.T. Chua, L. Rimban and B.B. Cruz. 2004. The rulemakers. How the wealthy and well-born dominate Congress. Quezon City: Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism.
12. Custodio, C.C. and N.M. Molinyawe. 2001. The NIPAS law and the management of protected areas in the Philippines: Some observations and critique. Siliman Journal 42 (1): 202-228.
13. Danielsen, F., D.S. Balete, T.D. Christensen, M. Heegaard, O.F. Jakobsen, A. Jensen, T. Lund and M.K. Poulsen. 1994. Conservation of biological diversity in the Sierra Madre mountains of Isabela and southern Cagayan Province, the Philippines. Manila: DENR-BirdLife International.
14. Department of Environment and Natural Resources. 1997. Philippine biodiversity: An assessment and action plan. DENR and UNEP. Makati: Bookmark.
15. Department of Environment and Natural Resources. 2001a. Management plan Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park. Palanan: DENR.
16. Department of Environment and Natural Resources. 2001b. Republic Act 9125: The Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park (NSMNP) Act of 2001. Palanan: DENR.
17. Erni, C. 2006. From opportunism to resource management: Adaptation and the emergence of environmental conservation among indigenous swidden cultivators on Mindoro Island, Philippines. Conservation & Society 4(1): 102-131.
18. Food and Agriculture Organisation. 2005. Global forest resources assessment 2005: Progress towards sustainable forest management. FAO Forestry Paper No. 147. Rome: FAO.
19. Food and Agriculture Organisation and International Tropical Timber Organisation. 2005. Best practices for improving law compliance in the forestry sector. FAO Forestry Paper No. 145. Rome: FAO.
20. Garrity, D.P., V.B. Amoroso, S. Koffi a and D. Catacutan. 2001. Innovations in participatory watershed resource management to conserve tropical biodiversity. In: Seeking sustainability: Challenges of agricultural development and environmental management in a Philippine watershed (eds. Coxhead, I. and G. Buenavista). Pp. 112-137. Laguna: Philippine Council for Agriculture, Forestry, and Natural Resources Research and Development.
21. Gascon, M. 2001. Co-ops linked to poaching. Philippine Daily Inquirer. September 19, 2001: A-14.
22. Global Environment Facility. 2008. GEF country portfolio evaluation: The Philippines (1992-2007). Evaluation Report No. 36. Washington DC: GEF.
23. General, A. 2005. Co-management of the environment through the Socialized Industrial Forest Management Agreement: The San Mariano experience. In: Comanagement in practice: The challenges and complexities of implementation in the Northern Sierra Madre mountain region (eds. Snelder, D.J. and E.C. Bernardo). Pp. 195-210. Quezon: Ateneo de Manila University Press.
24. Gibson, C.C., J.T. Williams and E. Ostrom. 2005. Local enforcement and better forests. World Development 33(2): 273-284. (Pubitemid 40205426)
25. Glastra, R. 1999. Cut and run: Illegal logging and timber trade in the tropics. Ottawa: IDRC.
26. Goldoftas, B. 2006. The green tiger. The costs of ecological decline in the Philippines. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
27. Grainger, A. and B. Malayang III. 2006. A model of policy changes to secure sustainable forest management and control of deforestation in the Philippines. Forest Policy and Economics 8: 67-80. (Pubitemid 43087806)
28. Greenpeace. 2006. Sierra Madre: Under threat. A close look at illegal logging in one of the Philippines' last remaining old growth forests. Manila: Greenpeace Southeast Asia.
29. Guiang, E.S. 2001. Impacts and effectiveness of logging bans in natural forests: Philippines. In: Forests out of bounds: Impacts and effectiveness of logging bans in natural forests in Asia Pacific (eds. Durst, P.B., T.R. Waggener, T. Enters and T. Lay Cheng). Pp. 103-136. Bangkok: FAO.
30. Guzman, R.Z. 2003. Operationalizing the Isabela Multi-sectoral Forest Protection Committee: Lessons, issues and challenges. In: The Sierra Madre Mountain Range: Global relevance, local realities (eds. Van der Ploeg, J., E.C. Bernardo and A.B. Masipiqueña). Pp. 285-293.Tuguegarao: Golden Press. CVPED.
31. Harrison, S., N.F. Emtage and E.E. Nasayao. 2004. Past and present forestry support programs in the Philippines, and lessons for the future. Smallscale Forest Economics, Management and Policy 3(3): 303-317.
32. Hobbes M. and R. Kleijn. (eds.). 2007. Local material flow analysis in social context at the forest fringe in the Sierra Madre, the Philippines. Social Ecology Working Paper No. 96. Vienna: IFF.
33. Huigen, M.G.A. and I.C. Jens. 2006. Socio-economic impact of super typhoon Harurot in San Mariano, Isabela, the Philippines. World Development 34(12): 2116-2136. (Pubitemid 44689036)
34. Inoguchi, A., R. Soriaga and P. Walpole. 2005. Approaches to controlling illegal forest activities: Consideration from southeast Asia. Working Paper Series No. 7. Tagbilaran: Asia Forest Network.
35. Jepson, P., J.K. Jarvie, K. MacKinnon and K.A. Monk. 2001. The end for Indonesia's lowland forests? Science 292(5518): 859-861. (Pubitemid 32422472)
36. Kaimowitz, D. 2007. Forest law enforcement and rural livelihoods. In: Illegal logging: Law enforcement and the timber trade (ed. Tacconi, L.). Pp. 110-138. London: Earthscan.
37. Kishor, N. and A. Belle. 2004. Does improved governance contribute to sustainable forest management? In: Cutting crime: Strategies for addressing illegal logging in the tropics (eds. Ravenel, R.M., I.M.E. Granoff and C. Magee). Pp. 55-79. New York: Haworth Press.
38. Kishor, N. and R. Damania. 2007. Crime and justice in the Garden of Eden: Improving governance and reducing corruption in the forestry sector. In: The many faces of corruption: Tracking vulnerabilities at the sector level (eds. Campos, J.E. and S. Pradhan). Pp. 89-114. Washington DC: The World Bank.
39. Kummer, D.M. 1992. Deforestation in the postwar Philippines. Manila: Ateneo de Manila University Press.
40. Laarman, J.G., E.J. Steward and P.C. Dugan. 1995. The economics of extraction in Philippine forests: When timber turns to gold. Mountain Research and Development 15(2): 153-164. (Pubitemid 26430617)
41. Lagasca, C. 2006. In Isabela, there's one forest ranger for every 4,607.1 has. The Philippine Star. May 3, 2006: A-25.
42. Lagasca, C. 2008a. Isabela village chief, 9 others face illegal logging charges. The Philippine Star. July 27, 2008: A-29.
43. Lagasca, C. 2008b. Padaca gets threats from illegal loggers. The Philippine Star. August 18 2008: A-29.
44. Lagasca, C. 2008c. Cagayan extends state of calamity. The Philippine Star. November 26, 2008: A-11.
45. Lagasca, C. 2009. Isabela's anti-illegal logging task force nets RP's biggest single haul. The Philippine Star. June 4, 2009: A 22.
46. Lasco, R.D. and F.B. Pulhin. 2000. Forest land use change in the Philippines and climate change mitigation. Journal Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 5: 81-97. (Pubitemid 30448448)
47. Lasco, R.D. and J.M. Pulhin. 2006. Environmental impacts of communitybased forest management in the Philippines. International Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development 5(1): 46-56. (Pubitemid 43242330)
48. Laurance, W.F. 2004. The perils of payoff: Corruption as a threat to global biodiversity. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 19(8): 399-401. (Pubitemid 38991662)
49. Magallona, M.M. 2004. The Philippines, 2004 top news on environment in Asia. Institute for Global Environmental Strategies. http://www.iges.or.jp/en/ pub/pdf/asia2004/full-text.pdf. Accessed on March 13, 2009.
50. Mallari, N.A.D., B.R. Tabaranza Jr. and M.J. Crosby. 2001. Key conservation sites in the Philippines. Makati: Haribon Foundation and Birdlife International. Bookmark Inc.
51. Masipiqueña, A.B. 1993. People-centered approach to forest resource management: The case of integrated social forestry program implementation in selected project sites in Isabela, Philippines. Ph.D. thesis. University of the Philippines, Los Baños, the Philippines.
52. Masipiqueña, A.B., M.C. Masipiqueña and W.T. de Groot. 2008. Overregulated and under-marketed: Smallholders and the wood economy in Isabela, the Philippines. In: Smallholder tree growing for rural development and environmental services: Lessons from Asia (eds. Snelder, D.J. and R.D. Lasco). Pp. 163-176. Dordrecht: Springer.
53. McCarthy, J.F. 2002. Turning in circles: District governance, illegal logging and environmental decline in Sumatra, Indonesia. Society and Natural Resources 15: 867-886. (Pubitemid 35295061)
54. Minter, T. 2010. The Agta of the Northern Sierra Madre: Livelihood strategies and resilience among Philippine hunter-gatherers. Ph.D. thesis. Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.
55. Nordic Agency for Development and Ecology and Department of Environment and Natural Resources. 1998. Technical report. Integrating conservation and development in protected area management in the Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park, the Philippines. Manila: DENR.
56. National Statistical Coordination Board. 2007. 2007 Philippine Statistical Yearbook. Makati: NSCB.
57. Ong, P.S., L.E. Afuang, and R.G. Rosell-Ambell. (eds.). 2002. Philippine biodiversity conservation priorities: A second iteration of the national biodiversity strategy and action plan. Quezon City: DENR-PAWB, CI-Philippines, UP and FPE.
58. Overmars, K. 2006 Linking process and pattern of land use change: Illustrated with a case study in San Mariano, Isabela, Philippines. Ph.D. thesis. Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.
59. Perez, P. and T. Minter. 2004. Indigenous rights and resource management in Philippine protected areas. IIAS Newsletter 35: 9.
60. Persoon, G.A. and J. van der Ploeg. 2003. Reviewing the projected future of San Mariano, a boomtown at the Sierra Madre forest fringe. Philippine Studies 51(3): 451-473.
61. Persoon, G.A. and M. van Weerd. 2006. Biodiversity and natural resource management in insular southeast Asia. Island Studies Journal 1(1): 81-108.
62. Posa, M.R.C., A.C. Diesmos, N.S. Sodhi and T.M. Brooks. 2008. Hope for threatened tropical biodiversity: Lessons from the Philippines. Bioscience 58(3): 231-240. (Pubitemid 351481622)
63. Ravenel, R.M. and I.M.E. Granoff. 2004. Illegal logging in the tropics. Journal of Sustainable Forestry 19(1): 351-371.
64. Ravnborg, H.M. 2003. Poverty and environmental degradation in the Nicaraguan hillsides. World Development 31(11): 1933-1946. (Pubitemid 37307470)
65. Richards, M., A. Wells, F. Del Gatto, A. Contreras-Hermosilla and D. Pommier. 2003. Impacts of illegality and barriers to legality: A diagnostic analysis of illegal logging in Honduras and Nicaragua. International Forestry Review 5(3): 282-292. (Pubitemid 37507206)
66. Ross, M.L. 2001. Timber booms and institutional breakdown in southeast Asia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
67. Rudel, T. and J. Roper. 1997. The paths to rain forest destruction: Crossnational patters of tropical deforestation, 1975-90. World Development 26(1): 53-65.
68. Seki, Y. 2004. Forest policy and people's survival strategy in the postlogging community in the Sierra Madre. In: Communities at the margins. Refl ections on social, economic and environmental change in the Philippines (eds. Umehara, H. and G.M. Bautista). Pp. 126-162. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press.
69. Severino, H.G. 2009. Overwhelming force to save the nation's last great forest. http://www.gmanews.tv/print/167866. Accessed on July 22, 2009.
70. Smith, J., K. Obidzinski, S. Subarudi and I. Suramenggala. 2007. Illegal logging, collusive corruption and fragmented governments in Kalimantan, Indonesia. In: Illegal logging: Law enforcement and the timber trade (ed. Tacconi, L.). Pp. 91-109. London: Earthscan.
71. Sodhi, N.S., T.M. Brooks, L.P. Koh, G. Acciaioli, M. Erb, A.K. Tan, L.M. Curran, et al. 2006. Biodiversity and human livelihood crises in the Malay archipelago. Conservation Biology 20(6): 1811-1813. (Pubitemid 44912637)
72. Tacconi, L. 2007. Illegal logging and the future of the forest. In: Illegal logging: Law enforcement and the timber trade (ed. Tacconi, L.). Pp. 275-290. London: Earthscan.
73. Tarun-Acay, F.Z. 2004. The adoption of community-based forest management and social sensitivity in Region 02, Philippines: Lessons learned for research, extension and development. In: Proceedings of human dimensions of family, farm, and community forestry international symposium (ed. Baumgartner, D.M.). Pp. 150-162. Washington: Washington State University.
74. United States Agency for International Development. 2004. Community forestry in the Philippines and other Asian countries. http://www.ardinc.com/ upload/photos/270EWW-Forest-Confl ict-Final-Paper.pdf. Accessed on October 31, 2008.
75. Utting, P. 2000. An overview of the potential and pitfalls of participatory conservation. In: Forest policy and politics in the Philippines: The dynamics of participatory conservation (ed. Utting,P.). Pp. 171-215.Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, UNRISD.
76. van den Top, G.M. 1998. The social dynamics of deforestation in the Sierra Madre, Philippines. Ph.D. thesis. Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.
77. van der Ploeg, J., G.A. Persoon and M.D. Masipiqueña. (eds.). 2007. Ifugao migrants in and around the Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park. Environment and Development Report No. 225. https://openaccess.leidenuniv.nl/ handle/1887/12690. Accessed on September 1, 2011.
78. van der Ploeg, J. and M. van Weerd. 2004. Devolution of natural resource management and crocodile conservation: The case of San Mariano, Isabela. Philippine Studies 52(3): 346-383.
79. Vitug, M.D. 1993. Power from the forest: The politics of logging. Manila: Centre for Investigative Journalism.
80. Walpole, P.S.J., G. Braganza, J.B. Ong, G.J. Tengco and E. Wijanco. 1993. Upland Philippine communities: Guardians of the fi nal forest frontiers. Berkeley: University of California.
81. World Bank. 2003. Governance of natural resources in the Philippines: Lessons from the past, directions for the future. Washington: Rural Development and Natural Resources Sector Unit.