Assessing digital preemption (and the future of law enforcement?)

New Criminal Law Review

Volumn 14, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 576-610

  Rosenthal, Danny ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 81755186887     PISSN: 19334192     EISSN: 19334206     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1525/nclr.2011.14.4.576     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Tim Hornyak, Nissan's Robot Cars Mimic Fish to Avoid Crashing, CNET News, Oct. 2, 2009, http://news.cnet.com/8301-17938-105-10366477-1.html.
2. Jenna Wortham, Apple Bans Some Apps for Sex-Tinged Content, New York Times, Feb. 22, 2010. In another example, online dating service eHarmony barred gay users until it was sued for discrimination.
3. Jonathan Zittrain, The Future of the Internet and How to Stop It 108 (2008) [hereinafter, Future].
4. See Ben Charney, Ford in Talks to Add Google Features to its Cars, Dow Jones Newswire, Jan. 7, 2010.
5. See Douglas MacMillian, Amazon CEO: "Millions" of Kindles Sold, BusinessWeek, Jan. 28, 2010, http://www.businessweek.com/the-thread/techbeat/ archives/2010/01/amazon-ceo-mill.html.
6. See Mark Ward, Sensors Turns Skin into Gadget Control Pad, BBC News, Mar. 26, 2010, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/8587486.stm.
7. See generally Pamela Samuelson, DRM [and, or, vs.] the Law, Comm. ACM, April 2003.
8. Real Trouble in Virtual Worlds, PC Pro, Mar. 11, 2008, http://www.pcpro.co.uk/features/176889/real-trouble-in-virtual-worlds.
9. Alan Dershowitz, Preemption: A Knife That Cuts Both Ways 2-3 (2006).
10. In addition to Zittrain, Christina M. Mulligan has discussed preemption in a law review article. Christina M. Mulligan, Perfect Enforcement of Law: When to Limit and When to Use Technology, 14 Rich. J.L. & Tech. 12 (2008).
11. Electronic Frontier Foundation, A Guide to YouTube Removals, http://www.eff.org/issues/intellectual-property/guide-to-youtube-removals (describing "content ID match removals" as "automated removals that result when YouTube's computers spot a 'match' between your video and content that has been claimed by a copyright owner").
12. See Jill Barton, Implanted Microchip Would Only Allow Police Officers to Fire Their Guns, Associated Press, Apr. 14, 2004, http://tech/tech/news/ techinnovations/2004-04-14-smart-chips-x.htm.
13. Tim Hope & Richard Sparks, For a Sociological Theory of Situations (or How Useful is Pragmatic Criminology?), in Ethical and Social Perspectives on Situational Crime Prevention 175 (Andrew von Hirsch, David Garland, & Alison Wakefield eds., 2000).
14. R.V.G. Clarke, Situational Crime Prevention: Successful Case Studies 66 (1992) (citing R.V.G. Clarke & Derek Blaikie Cornish, Crime Control in Britain: A Review of Policy Research 109 (1983)).
15. See Stephanie Smith, Congressional Research Service, The Interagency Security Committee and Security Standards for Federal Buildings (describing five levels of security for federal buildings), http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/homesec/ RS22121.pdf.
16. See Andy Gardiner, Colleges Boost Stadium Security with Federal Help, USA Today, Sept. 8, 2006 (describing elevated security at college football stadiums), http://www.usatoday.com/sports/college/football/20o6-09-07-security- x.htm?POE=SPOISVA.
17. See Lawrence J. Fennelly, Handbook of Loss Prevention and Crime Prevention (1996) (describing "maximum security" systems able to "impede, detect, assess, and neutralize all unauthorized external and internal activity").
18. Neal Katyal, Architecture as Crime Control, in Yale LJ. 1039, 1071 (2002).
19. See Passenger Screening, Transportation Security Administration, http://www.tsa. gov/what-we-do/screening/security-checkpoints.shtm.
20. See Chrysler Corp. v. Department of Transp., 472 F.2d 659, 666 (6th Cir. 1972).
21. See Jerry L. Mashaw, The Struggle for Auto Safety 133 (1990).
22. See Mothers Against Drunk Driving, Ignition Interlock, 2011, http://www.madd. org/get-involved/advocacy/our-issues/campaign/ignition- interlock.html (advocating mandatory interlock systems for all convicted drunk drivers).
23. Movies featuring automated cars include Minority Report (Twentieth Century Fox 2002), Batman (Twentieth Century Fox 1966), and Demolition Man (Warner Brothers 1993
24. Jonathan Zittrain, The Generative Internet, 119 Harv. L. Rev. 1974, 2000 (2006)
25. See Ian Ayres & Steven D. Levitt, Measuring Positive Externalities from Unobservable Victim Precaution: An Empirical Analysis of Lojack, 113 QJ. Econ. 43 (1998) (noting that steering wheel locks likely shift crime to different victims).
26. See Ronald V. Clarke, Situational Crime Prevention, in Environmental Criminology and Crime Analysis 187 (Richard Wortley & Lorraine Mazerolle eds., 2008).
27. Jacobellis v. Ohio, 378 U.S. 184, 197 (1964).
28. John Rawls, The Justification of Civil Disobedience, in Readings in the Philosophy of Law 6j (John Arthur & William Shaw eds., 4th ed. 2000).
29. See, e.g., Virginia v. Black, 538 U.S. 343 (2003) (striking down one provision of a law that prohibited cross-burning with intent to intimidate).
30. See, e.g., Clark v. Martinez, 543 U.S. 371, 379 (2005) (interpreting a statute pertaining to deportation to "avoid constitutional doubts").
31. Peter L. Strauss, 2001 Daniel J. Meador Lecture: Courts or Tribunals? Federal Courts and the Common Law, 53 Ala. L. Rev. 891, 893 (2002).
32. Lawrence Lessig, The Path of Cyberlaw, 104 Yale LJ. 1743, 1745 (1995).
33. David M. Kennedy, Deterrence and Crime Prevention: Reconsidering the Prospect of Sanction 17 (2008).
34. Oliver Wendell Holmes, The Common Law 1 (1881).