Natural Saints: How People of Faith are Working to Save God's Earth

Natural Saints: How People of Faith are Working to Save God's Earth

Volumn , Issue , 2010, Pages 1-240

  McDuff, Mallory ^a  

^a WARREN WILSON COLLEGE   (United States)

Author keywords

Christian; Creation care; Environment; Environmental justice; Faith communities; Ministries; Religious environmentalism; Stewardship; Sustainable

Indexed keywords

EID: 80955162978     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195379570.001.0001     Document Type: Book

References (176)

1. Thomas Merton, Raids on the Unspeakable (New York: New Directions, 1966), 6.
2. "Action: Sign the Call to Care," Irreplaceable: Wildlife in a Warming World, 2008, http://www.gao.org/campaign/call_to_care (accessed June 25, 2009).
3. Froma Harrop, "The Unchurched Northwest," Seattle Times, Oct. 11, 2005, http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/opinion/2002552768_harrop11.html (accessed June 25, 2009).
4. Patricia O'Connell and Mark Silk, eds., Religion and Public Life in the Pacific Northwest (Lanham, MD: AltaMira, 2004).
5. Janet Tu, "The Greening of Faith Goes Forth in Seattle," Seattle Times, Apr. 14, 2007.
6. LeeAnne Beres, "Grounded in Faith on Our Three-legged Stool," Earth Letter (Autumn 2007), 1.
7. For an overview of the Greening Congregations program, see Jessie Dye, "The Eco-Friendly Congregation," Church and Worship Technology (Apr. 2008), 46-56. Examples of green congregations are also available on the Earth Ministry website: http://www.earth-ministry.org.
8. "LeeAnne Beres EPA Climate Testimony," Earth Ministry, http://www.earthministry.org/resources/success-stories/past-earth-ministry-events/seattle-climate-rally-epa-hearing/leeanne-beres-epa-climate-testimony (accessed June 25, 2009).
9. For examples of staff editorials, see Dan Ritzman and LeeAnne Beres, "Governor Gregoire Must Lead Washington beyond Its Reliance on Coal," Seattle Times, Apr. 9, 2009, http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/opinion/2009015513_opinc10sierra.html (accessed June 25, 2009);.
10. Jessie Dye, "A Morally Acceptable Solution to Climate Change," Seattle Times, May 6, 2009, http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/opinion/2009185053_opinc07dye.html (accessed June 25, 2009).
11. "2009 Environmental Priorities," Environmental Priorities Coalition, http://www.environmentalpriorities.org (accessed June 25, 2009).
12. Interfaith Power & Light is an interfaith religious response to global warming with affiliates in 30 states. For more information, see http://theregenerationproject.org;.
13. and for the Washington Interfaith Power & Light specifically, see http://earthministry.org/programs/waipl.
14. Earth Ministry, "Advocacy for All Creation: A Faithful Citizen's Guide to Participating in a Democracy," unpublished document. Available from Earth Ministry (emoffice@earthministry.org).
15. LeeAnne Beres, "Faith and Advocacy Sermon," First Congregational United Church of Christ, Walla Walla, Washington, Aug. 3, 2008.
16. Tonya Marcovna Barnett, Greening Congregations Handbook (Seattle, WA: Earth Ministry, 2002).
17. Cassandra Carmichael, Laurel Kearns, and Rebecca Gould, "Examining Congregational Components That Lead to Environmental Action," unpublished study, 2007. (For information, contact Cassandra Carmichael, National Council of Churches Eco-Justice Program http://www.nccecojustice.org.).
18. Dorothy Day, Loaves and Fishes: The Inspiring Story of the Catholic Worker Movement (Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 1997), 176.
19. Kenneth Woodward, Making Saints: How the Catholic Church Determines Who Becomes a Saint, Who Doesn't, and Why (New York: Touchstone, 1996).
20. Lorna Day, "Designing Sacred Spaces: Sacred Space Can Elevate Our Understanding of Each Other and the World We Share," United Church Observer, June 2008, http://www.ucobserver.org/faith/2008/06/sacred_spaces (accessed Mar. 18, 2009).
21. Peter Sawtell, "Will They Hate You?" Eco-Justice Notes, Feb. 1, 2008, http://www.nyipl.org/building/green_building.html (accessed Mar. 18, 2009).
22. David Dragseth, Margaret Schoewe, and Steve Jerbi, "Congregational Creation Care Stories," Lutheran Partners 25, no. 1 (Jan.-Feb. 2009), http://archive.elca.org/lutheranpartners/archives/090102_04.html (accessed July 9, 2009).
23. For an overview of green jobs initiatives in the United States, see http://www.greenforall.org. Green for All is an organization started by Van Jones that promotes green-collar jobs through policy, legislation, programming, and education.
24. For media coverage of the green addition at Pullen Memorial Baptist Church, see Bob Allen, "North Carolina Church Sets Example with Eco-Friendly New Building," Associated Baptist Press, Feb. 23, 2009, http://02c22d7.netsolhost.com/PullenDocs/abp_Feb23.html (accessed Mar. 9, 2009);.
25. Yonat Shimron, "Raleigh Church Embraces Environmentalism: Church Addition Reflects Congregation's Wish to Help People-and the Earth," Raleigh News and Observer, Feb. 2, 2009, http://newsobserver.com/674/story/1390441.html (accessed Mar. 9, 2009).
26. Allen, "North Carolina Church Sets Example with Eco-Friendly New Building.".
27. For more information on the Regeneration Project and Interfaith Power & Light, see Suzie Boss, "Praise the Lord, but Dim the Lights: The Regeneration Project Helps the Environmental Movement Get Religion," Stanford Social Innovation Review (Spring 2008), 67-68;.
28. For video clips and other resources on the religious response to global warming, see http://www.theregenerationproject.org (accessed Sept. 21, 2009).
29. Sally G. Bingham, Love God, Heal Earth: 21 Leading Religious Voices Speak Out about Our Sacred Duty to Protect the Environment (Pittsburgh, PA: St. Lyon's, 2009).
30. Boss, "Praise the Lord, but Dim the Lights.".
31. GreenFaith, "Building in Good Faith," http://www.buildingingoodfaith.org (accessed July 7, 2009).
32. Also see National Council of Churches, Eco-Justice Program, "Building a Firm Foundation:Green Building Toolkit," http://www.nccecojustice.org/resources.htm/#greenbuildingresources (accessed July 11, 2009).
33. For one resource on energy efficiency for churches, see National Council of Churches, Eco-Justice Program, "Bottom Line Ministries That Matter: Congregational Stewardship with Energy Efficiency and Clean Energy Technologies," http://www.nccecojustice.org/resources.htm/#greenbuildingresources (accessed July 11, 2009).
34. GreenFaith, "Building in Good Faith.".
35. North Carolina Interfaith Power & Light, "Project Energize Fact Sheet for Congregations" (Asheville, NC:NC IPL, 2009). Available at: http://www.ncipl.org (accessed March 1, 2010).
36. Tracy Herzer, Journey to Adulthood: A Program for Spiritual Formation for Young People (Leeds, MA: Leader Resources, 2005).
37. Jerome W. Berryman, Complete Guide to Godly Play, vol. 1: How to Lead Godly Play Lessons (New York: Church Publishing, 2002).
38. Richard Louv, Last Child in the Woods: Saving Our Children from Nature-Deficit Disorder (Chapel Hill, NC: Algonquin, 2008).
39. "No Child Left Inside," No Child Left Inside Coalition, http://www.cbf.org/page.aspx?pid=687 (accessed Sept. 5, 2009).
40. "About Us: Purpose Statement," Kanuga, http://www.kanuga.org/aboutus/purpose.asp (accessed Sept. 5, 2009).
41. Dean Ohlman, "Christian Camps and God's Two Books," Wonder of Creation, comment posted Jan. 9, 2009, http://www.wonderofcreation.org/tag/outdoor-education (accessed Aug. 31, 2009).
42. For a history of Kanuga, see Jack Reak, Kanuga: Story of a Gathering Place (Hendersonville, NC: Kanuga Conferences, 1993).
43. Dale Neal, "Kanuga Gets Greener with Solar Thermal Hot Water System," Asheville Citizen-Times, Jan. 27, 2009, http://www.flsenergy.com/news.php (accessed Aug. 8, 2009).
44. Also see "Kanuga Installs Region's Largest Solar Hot Water System," Kanuga News (Spring 2009), 1;.
45. Phina Borgeson, "Kanuga Continues Commitment to Sustainability," Episcopal News Service, http://www.flsenergy.com/news.php (accessed Aug. 8, 2009);.
46. James Shea, "Kanuga Turns to Solar Power," Hendersonville Times-News, Apr. 4, 2009.
47. Ron Mattocks, "Finding Financial Fortitude: How Nonprofits Can Deal with Six Major Threats to Christian Camping," Christian Camp and Conference Association InSite, Jan.-Feb. 2009, http://www.ccca.org (accessed Aug. 31, 2009).
48. Teresa Bukner, "Mars Hill College Announces Solar Energy Project," press release, Aug. 13, 2009, Mars Hill College, Mars Hill, North Carolina.
49. Matthew Fox, Creation Spirituality: Liberating Gifts for the Peoples of the Earth (San Francisco, CA: HarperOne, 1991), 1.
50. Adapted from Rosemary Radford Ruether, "Creation Spirituality:The Message and the Movement: What Is Creation Spirituality?" Creation Spirituality Magazine (Nov.-Dec. 1990), http://www.theoblogical.org/dlature/itseminary/creaspir/whatis1.html (accessed Sept. 5, 2009).
51. "Jubilee! Community Nurture Program," http://www.jubileecommunity.org/nurture.htm (accessed Aug. 31, 2009). Note that, in its publications, Jubilee! uses an exclamation mark in its name. I did not use the punctuation to facilitate ease of reading in the text.
52. Jerome W. Berryman, Complete Guide to Godly Play, vol. 1: How to Lead Godly Play Lessons (New York: Church Publishing, 2002).
53. Diane Tillman, Living Values Activities for Young Adults (Deerfield Beach, FL: HCI, 2001).
54. Starhawk, Diane Baker, and Anne Hill, Circle Round: Raising Children in the Goddess Traditions (New York: Bantam, 1998).
55. "The Tree of Contemplative Practices," Center for Contemplative Mind in Society, http://www.contemplativemind.org/practices/tree/html (accessed Sept. 5, 2009).
56. For specific ideas for Sunday school initiatives centered on the environment, see "Resources for Youth, Children, and All Ages," Evangelical Environmental Network and Creation Care Magazine, http://www.creationcare.org/resources/sunday/youth.php (accessed Aug. 26, 2009).
57. Georgia Interfaith Power & Light also offers a Green Vacation Bible School Curriculum and a middle-school and high-school creation care curriculum. For more information, see http://www.gipl.org/learn.html (accessed Aug. 26, 2009).
58. Elliott Wright, "Faith and Food: Biblical Perspectives," 2001, http://gbgmumc. org/now/01so/faithnfood.html (accessed Jan. 22, 2009).
59. "On Faith and Food," Mennonite Brethren Herald, Sept. 7, 2005, http://www.mbherald.com/44/12/books-2.en.html (accessed Jan. 22, 2009).
60. Sara Miles, Take This Bread (New York: Ballantine, 2007).
61. Wright, "Faith and Food: Biblical Perspectives.".
62. Holly Lebowitz Rossi, "God in the Garden," Search Magazine: Science + Religion + Culture, July-Aug. 2008, http://www.searchmagazine.org/Archives/Back%20Issues/July-August/full-garden.html (accessed Jan. 22, 2009).
63. Wendell Berry, "The Pleasures of Eating," in Food and Faith: Justice, Joy, and Daily Bread, ed. Michael Schut (Denver, CO: Morehouse Group, 2002), 142-147.
64. Jacob Dagger, "Faith through Food," Duke Magazine 94, no. 3. (May-June 2008), http://www.dukemagazine.duke.edu/dukemag/issues/050608/depqa.html (accessed Jan. 22, 2009).
65. Rossi, "God in the Garden.".
66. Committee on Worship, "A Contemporary Expression of Christian Faith," in The United Church of Canada Service Book (Toronto: United Church Publishing House, 1969), 310.
67. National Council of Churches, Eco-Justice Program, "Fresh Food for All," June 26, 2008, http://ecojustice.wordpress.com/2008/06/26/great-greencongregations (accessed June 24, 2009).
68. David Dragseth, Margaret Schoewe, and Steve Jerbi, "Congregational Creation Care Stories," Lutheran Partners: A Bi-Monthly Magazine of the ELCA for Ordained and Lay Leaders 25, no. 1 (Jan.-Feb. 2009), http://archive.elca.org/lutheranpartners/archives/090102_04.html (accessed June 24, 2009);.
69. National Religious Partnership for the Environment, "Fresh Food for All," NRPE Mainline Protestant Profiles, http://www.nrpe.org/profiles/profiles_vi_C_33_01.htm (accessed June 24, 2009);.
70. National Council of Churches, "Fresh Food for All.".
71. Sarah McFarland Taylor, Green Sisters: A Spiritual Ecology (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2007).
72. Rossi, "God in the Garden.".
73. Earth Ministry, Caring for All Creation: At the Table (Seattle, WA: Earth Ministry, 2007). This resource kit includes bulletin inserts, flyers, worship services, commitment cards, and educational resources centered on food and faith.
74. "On Faith and Food," Mennonite Brethren Herald.
75. David Rosmann and Heather Schoonover, Faith and Food: Action Strategies for Healthy Eating (Minneapolis, MN: Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy, 2009).
76. Michael Schut, ed., Simpler Living, Compassionate Life: A Christian Perspective (Denver, CO: Morehouse Group, 2004).
77. Elizabeth Gilbert, Eat, Pray, Love (New York: Penguin, 2006).
78. see Lyndsay Moseley and Anna Jane Joyner, Faith in Action:Communities of Faith Bring Hope for the Planet (San Francisco, CA: Sierra Club Books, 2008), 13.
79. Churches Supporting Churches aims to "restart, reopen, repair, or rebuild" churches to promote congregations as "agents of community development." For details, see http://www.cscneworleans.org/intro.html (accessed June 11, 2009).
80. For an overview of green jobs initiatives in the United States, see http://www.greenforall.org. Green for All is an organization started by Van Jones that promotes green-collar jobs through policy, legislation, programming, and education.
81. For an overview of the Coalition of Immokalee Workers, see CIW, "About CIW: Consciousness + Commitment = Change: How and Why We Are Organizing," www.ciw-online.org/about.html (accessed June 4, 2009).
82. Also see Cynthia Soohoo, Catherine Albisa, and Martha Davis, "The Coalition of Immokalee Workers: ¡Golpear a Uno es Golpear a Todos! To Beat One of Us Is to Beat Us All!" in Bringing Human Rights Home, vol. 3 (Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger, 2008).
83. Barbara Brown Taylor, Leaving Church: A Memoir of Faith (San Francisco, CA: HarperSanFrancisco, 2006), 227.
84. Richard Louv, Last Child in the Woods: Saving Our Children from Nature-Deficit Disorder (Chapel Hill, NC: Algonquin, 2008).
85. Mary Evelyn Tucker, Worldly Wonder: Religions Enter Their Ecological Phase (Chicago, IL: Open Court, 2003), 7.
86. J. C. Green, "The American Religious Landscape and Political Attitudes:A Baseline for 2004," Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life, http://pewforum.org/publications/surveys/green-full.pdf (accessed Sept. 25, 2009).
87. Lyndsay Moseley and Anna Jane Joyner, Faith in Action: Communities of Faith Bring Hope for the Planet (San Francisco, CA: Sierra Club Books, 2008).
88. Also see Lyndsay Moseley, ed., Holy Ground: A Gathering of Voices on Caring for Creation (San Francisco, CA: Sierra Club Books, 2008).
89. E. O. Wilson, Creation: An Appeal to Save Life on Earth (New York:Norton, 2006), 3, 5.
90. Harper Bibles, The Green Bible (San Francisco, CA: HarperOne, 2008).
91. Roger S. Gottlieb, A Greener Faith: Religious Environmentalism and Our Planet's Future (New York: Oxford University Press, 2006).
92. Cassandra Carmichael, Laurel Kearns, and Rebecca Gould, "Examining Congregational Components That Lead to Environmental Action," unpublished study, 2007. (For information, contact Cassandra Carmichael, National Council of Churches Eco-Justice Program, http://www.nccecojustice.org.).
93. Kenneth Woodward, Making Saints: How the Catholic Church Determines Who Becomes a Saint, Who Doesn't, and Why (New York:Touchstone, 1996), 13.
94. Robert Salyer, dir., Sludge (Whitesburg, KY: Appalshop, 2005). This documentary film tells the story of the Martin County environmental and health disaster; available at http://appalshop.org/sludge/about/php (accessed Sept. 9, 2009).
95. For more details about Mickey McCoy's activism and the fight against mountaintop removal, see Erik Reece, Lost Mountain (New York: Riverhead, 2006).
96. Graham Averill, "The Coal Truth," Blue Ridge Outdoors (Mar. 2009), 25-28. (A coal seam is a stratum of coal thick enough for mining.).
97. John Eade and Michael Sallnow, eds., Contesting the Sacred: The Anthropology of Christian Pilgrimage (Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 2000).
98. For a collection of resolutions by diverse denominations against mountaintop removal, see "Resolutions of Faith," http://www.ilovemountains.org/resolutions (accessed Aug. 19, 2009).
99. Jeff Biggers, "This Little (Coal-Fired) Light of Mine: Will President Heed 45 Million Prayers?" Aug. 2, 2009, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/jeff-biggers/this-little-coal-fired-li_b_249657.html (accessed Aug. 6, 2009).
100. Harry Caudill, Night Comes to the Cumberlands: A Biography of a Depressed Area, 2nd ed. (1962; Ashland, KY: Jesse Stuart Foundation, 2001), x.
101. "Frequently Asked Questions about Mountaintop Removal Coal Mining," handout provided by Kentuckians for the Commonwealth during mountaintop removal tour and available at: info@kftc.org.
102. Ann Pancake, Strange as This Weather Has Been (Berkeley, CA:Counterpoint, 2007);.
103. Shirley Stewart Barry, Bringing Down the Mountains:The Impact of Mountaintop Removal on Southern West Virginia Communities (Morganton: West Virginia University Press, 2007).
104. J. Matthew Sleeth is the author of Serve God, Save the Planet: A Christian Call to Action (White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2006).
105. Environmental and Public Protection Cabinet, "Citations Issued in Blasting Accident in Hazard," Oct. 21, 2005, http://migration.kentucky.gov/Newsroom/environment/hazardblasting.htm (accessed Aug. 28, 2009).
106. "Frequently Asked Questions about Mountaintop Removal Coal Mining," handout provided by Kentuckians for the Commonwealth.
107. Ilio Delio, Keith Douglas Warner, and Pamela Wood, Care for Creation: A Franciscan Spirituality of the Earth (Cincinnati, OH: Saint Anthony Messenger Press, 2009).
108. Catholic Committee of Appalachia, At Home in the Web of Life: A Pastoral Message on Sustainable Communities in Appalachia (Webster Springs, WV: Catholic Committee of Appalachia, 1995).
109. Wendell Berry, "Speech against the State Government, Frankfort, 2/14/08," www.youtube.com/watch?v=qgfMu2NxtZI (accessed Sept. 25, 2009).
110. Harper Bibles, The Green Bible (San Francisco, CA: HarperOne, 2008).
111. Sam Hamilton-Poole, Earth Gospel: A Guide to Prayer for God's Creation (Nashville, TN: Upper Room, 2009).
112. "Resolutions of Faith," http://www.ilovemountains.org/resolutions (accessed Aug. 19, 2009).
113. "Peace Advocate Rev. Clinton Marsh Dies at 86," Nov. 4, 2002, http://www.witherspoonsociety.org/clinton_marsh.htm (accessed Aug. 25, 2009).
114. David A. Kolb, Experiential Learning: Experience as the Source of Learning and Development (Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1984).
115. Elizabeth Roberts, Earth Prayers from around the World: 365 Prayers, Poems, and Invocations for Honoring the Earth (San Francisco, CA:HarperOne, 1991).
116. GreenFaith, "Health Concerns Related to Diesel Emissions," http://www.greenfaith.org/justice/diesel-factsheet.pdf (accessed June 4, 2009).
117. Also see Clean Air Task Force, "Diesel and Health in America: The Lingering Threat," http://www.catf.us/publications/view/83 (accessed June 4, 2009).
118. To identify exposure to diesel emissions for any zip code in the United States, see Clean Air Task Force, "Diesel," http://www.catf.us/projects/diesel (accessed June 3, 2009).
119. Tom Hayden, Rebellion in Newark: Official Violence and Ghetto Response (New York: Vintage, 1967). This book describes the deep roots of environmental injustice in the Newark area.
120. GreenFaith, "Justice: Diesel Emissions in New Jersey," http://www.greenfaith.org/justice/diesel.html (accessed Feb. 2, 2009).
121. Larry Rasmussen, Earth Community, Earth Ethics (Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 1996).
122. For a classic text on environmental justice, see Robert D. Bullard, Environmental Protection and Communities of Color (San Francisco, CA:Sierra Club Books, 1994).
123. For a discussion of the structural racism behind the placement of toxic sites, see Luke W. Cole and Sheila Foster, From the Ground Up: Environmental Racism and the Rise of the Environmental Justice Movement (New York: New York University Press, 2001), esp. the section entitled "The Social Structure of Environmental Racism: The Role of Race and Space," 65-70.
124. See Patrick Novotny, Where We Live, Work, and Play: The Environmental Justice Movement and the Struggle for a New Environmentalism (Westport, CT: Praeger, 2000). Religious environmentalists have added the term "pray" to this definition.
125. Martin V. Melosi, "Environmental Justice, Ecoracism, and Environmental History," in To Love the Wind and the Rain: African Americans and Environmental History, ed. Dianne D. Glave and Mark Stoll (Pittsburgh, PA:University of Pittsburgh Press, 2006), 120-132.
126. Commission for Racial Justice, Toxic Waste and Race in the US: A National Report on the Racial and Socioeconomic Characteristics of Communities with Hazardous Waste Sites (New York: United Church of Christ, 1987).
127. Mark Stoll, "Religion and African American Environmental Activism," in To Love the Wind and the Rain: African Americans and Environmental History, ed. Dianne D. Glave and Mark Stoll (Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2006), 155.
128. "About GreenFaith," GreenFaith, http://www.greenfaith.org/about/index.html (accessed June 5, 2009).
129. Ironbound Community Corporation, "Environmental Justice in the Ironbound, Newark, NJ," unpublished handout provided by the Ironbound Community Corporation and available from GreenFaith (info@GreenFaith.org).
130. "Environmental Justice," Ironbound Community Corporation, http://www.ironboundcc.org/node/103 (accessed Sept. 10, 2009).
131. "Our Community," Ironbound Community Corporation, http://www.ironboundcc.org/node/109 (accessed Sept. 10, 2009).
132. Cerrell Associates, Political Difficulties Facing Waste-to-Energy Conversion Plant Siting (Sacramento, CA: California Waste Management, 1984).
133. "Principles of Environmental Justice," First National People of Color Environmental Justice Summit, Oct. 24-27, 1991, http://www.ejnet.org/ej/principles/html (accessed Sept. 10, 2009).
134. "Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Principles," Environmental Protection Agency, http://www.epa.gov/opp00001/factsheets/ipm/htm (accessed Sept. 10, 2009). This fact sheet describes the basis of IPM as pest management strategies that do the least amount of harm to both people and the environment.
135. "Religious Principles of Environmental Justice," GreenFaith, http://www.greenfaith.org/justice/principles.html (accessed Sept. 11, 2009).
136. Paul Hawken, Blessed Unrest: How the Largest Movement in the World Came into Being and Why No One Saw It Coming (New York: Viking, 2007).
137. (www.interfaithaction.org).
138. For a description of twenty-first-century slavery cases in Immokalee, see Presbyterian Church (USA), "Two Sentenced for Slavery: PC (U.S.A.) Calls on Gov. Crist to Act," Dec. 2008, www.pcusa.org/fairfood/2-sentencedfor- slavery.htm (accessed Feb. 6, 2009);.
139. and Amy B. Williams, "Immokalee Family Sentenced for Slavery: Each Navarrete Boss Gets 12 Years in Prison," Fort Myers News-Press, Dec. 12, 2008, www.sanders.senate.gov/news/record.cfm?id=306164 (accessed June 3, 2009).
140. Noelle Damico, "Accompanying the Coalition of Immokalee Workers during their Fast for Fair Food and Justice, Irvine, California," Feb. 22-Mar. 5, 2003, in the journal of the Reverend Noelle Damico, national coordinator of the Presbyterian Church (USA)'s Fair Food Campaign. Unpublished document (For more information, contact Noelle Damico, PC (USA) Fair Food Campaign, http://www.pcusa.org/fairfood.).
141. United Methodist Church, "Globalization and Its Impact on Human Dignity and Human Rights," Nov. 25, 1981, http://archives.umc.org/interior.asp? ptid=4&mid=1016 (accessed Feb. 19, 2009).
142. For a discussion of the relationships among the church, human rights, and human dignity, see David Pfrimmer, "A Faith Basis for 60 Years of Human Rights Work by Churches: Evangelical Lutheran Church in America," Feb. 2009, http://www.elca.org/What-We-Believe/Social-Issues/Journal-of-Lutheran-Ethics/Issues/February-2009/3-A-Faith-Basis-for-60-Years.aspx (accessed Feb. 19, 2009);.
143. Richard Amesbury and George Newlands, Faith and Human Rights: Christianity and the Global Struggle for Human Dignity (Minneapolis, MN: Fortress, 2008).
144. For an overview of wages and poverty levels of agricultural workers in Immokalee, see Coalition of Immokalee Workers, "Facts and Figures on Florida Farmworkers," Apr. 2009, www.ciw-online.org (accessed June 3, 2009).
145. For a descriptive and detailed overview of Immokalee and modern-day slavery in the South Florida fields, see John Bowe, "Nobodies: Does Slavery Exist in America?" New Yorker, Apr. 21, 2003.
146. Eric Schlosser details this incident of corporate spying by Burger King on the Student/Farmworker Alliance and the CIW in his editorial "Burger with a Side of Spies," New York Times, May 2, 2008.
147. For an overview of the Coalition of Immokalee Workers, see CIW, "About CIW: Consciousness + Commitment = Change: How and Why We Are Organizing," www.ciw-online.org/about.html (accessed June 4, 2009).
148. Leonard Doyle, "Slave Labour That Shames America," Independent, Dec. 19, 2007, www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/slave-labourthat- shames-america-765881.html (accessed Jan. 15, 2009).
149. Oxfam America, Like Machines in the Fields: Workers without Rights in U.S. Agriculture (Boston: Oxfam America, 2003).
150. For an explanation of the negative impacts of fast-food contracts from the growers' perspective, see Charles Porter, "Big Fast-Food Contracts Breaking Tomato Repackers," Packer, May 16, 2005.
151. The website of the National Farm Worker Ministry includes a worship service focused on the beatitudes with suggested sermon themes and readings. The site also includes scripture readings related to labor, relevant quotes from leaders such as Cesar Chavez, and a format for a contemplative day on food and labor. See www.nfwm.org/worshipresources/wrshpservice.shtml (accessed June 4, 2009).
152. Also see Cynthia Soohoo, Catherine Albisa, and Martha Davis, "The Coalition of Immokalee Workers: ¡Golpear a Uno es Golpear a Todos! To Beat One of Us Is to Beat Us All!" in Bringing Human Rights Home, vol. 3 (Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger, 2008).
153. See Paulo Freire's Pedagogy of the Oppressed (New York: Continuum, 2000).
154. Leonardo Boff and Clodovis Boff, Introducing Liberation Theology (Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 1987).
155. Coalition of Immokalee Workers, "¡Golpear a Uno es Golpear a Todos! To Beat One of Us Is to Beat Us All! The Coalition of Immokalee Workers and the Human Rights Framework." Unpublished document.
156. For an overview of Burger King's decision, see Andrew Martin, "Burger King Grants Raise to Pickers," New York Times, May 24, 2008, www.nytimes.com/2008/05/24/business/24farm.html (accessed Jan. 15, 2009).
157. For more information on the Just Faith program, contact Just Faith Ministries, P.O. Box 221348, Louisville, KY 40252, http://www.justfaith.org.
158. Gerardo Reyes-Chavez, "A Letter of Thanks from the Coalition of Immokalee Workers," http://www.pcusa.org/fairfood (accessed Feb. 2, 2009).
159. American Public Health Association, "Toward a Healthy, Sustainable Food System," policy statement, Nov. 6, 2002, http://www.apha.org/advocacy/policy/policysearch/default.htm?id=1361 (accessed June 4, 2009).
160. Gradye Parsons, "Stated Clerk Commends Farmworkers and Whole Foods Market on Landmark Agreement," Sept. 9, 2008, http://www.pcusa.org/pcnews/2008/08655 (accessed Sept. 21, 2009).
161. Mike Hughlett, "McDonald's Farmworker Raise Fought by Growers," Chicago Tribune, Nov. 6, 2007, http://archives.chicagotribune.com/2007/nov/06/business/chi-tue_mcd_1106nov06 (accessed June 3, 2009);.
162. Elaine Walker, "Subway to Pay More for Tomatoes: An Activist Group Gets Another Fast-Food Chain to Pay More for Tomatoes, but There's Still No Answer on How to Get Money to Workers," Miami Herald, Dec. 2, 2008, http://www.miamiherald.com/business/story/796667.html (accessed Jan. 15, 2009).
163. For a discussion of Hurricane Katrina, the future of New Orleans, and a rationale for restoring this city, see Tom Piazza, Why New Orleans Matters (New York: Regan, 2005).
164. Bruce Nolan, "First + Grace = Unity," Times-Picayune, Feb. 17, 2008, http://www.nola.com/news/t-p/frontpage/index.ssf?/base?/news-10/120322986667440.xml$coll=1 (accessed June 8, 2009).
165. Bruce Nolan, "Louisiana Methodists Have Faith in Post-Katrina Reinvention," Times-Picayune, June 6, 2009, http://www.nola.com/news/index.ssf/2009/06/louisiana_methodists_have_fait.html (accessed June 8, 2009).
166. The National Council of Churches is an ecumenical partnership of Christian denominations in the United States, including Protestant, orthodox, evangelical, traditional African American, and living peace churches. The National Council of Churches represents 100,000 congregations and 45 million people. For more information, see http://www.nccusa.org/about/about_ncc.htm (accessed June 11, 2009).
167. Tyler Edgar and Lee Xu, Climate and Church: How Global Climate Change Will Impact Core Church Ministries (Washington, DC: National Council of Churches, Eco-Justice Program, 2008).
168. Churches Supporting Churches aims to "restart, reopen, repair, or rebuild" churches to promote congregations as "agents of community development." For details, see http://www.cscneworleans.org/intro.html (accessed June 11, 2009).
169. For a transcript of the Reverend Donald Boutte's testimony, see "Written Testimony by Rev. Donald Boutte to U.S. House of Representatives -Committee on the Budget, Thursday, August 2, 2007, 210 Cannon House Office Building: Hurricanes Katrina and Rita: What Will Be the Long-Term Effect on the Federal Budget," http://budget.house.gov/hearings/2007/08.02boutte_testimony.pdf (accessed June 11, 2009).
170. Leslie Tune, Tronn Moller, Cassandra Carmichael, and Ernest Wright Irving, Gulf Coast Disaster Response Report: Immediate and Long Term Activities of the National Council of Churches of Christ Member Denominations (Washington, DC: Special Commission for the Just Rebuilding of the Gulf Coast, National Council of Churches, USA, 2008), 1.
171. Episcopal News Service, "Ecumenical Work Week Shows Churches Faithful to Gulf Coast Rebuilding," Episcopal Life Online, Aug. 31, 2007, http://www.episcopalchurch.org/79901_89617ENG_HTM (accessed June 25, 2008).
172. Tim Tanton, "Storm Led Churches to 'Dream Big Dreams,' Pastor Says," Interpreter Magazine, May 18, 2006, http://www.umc.org/site/c.giJTJbMUluE/b.1693267/k.E514/Storm_led_churches_to_dream_big_dreams_pastor_says.htm (accessed June 25, 2008). This article describes the work of Rev. Cory Sparks at Carrollton and Parker Memorial United Methodist Church. Rev. Sparks currently serves at Faith Community United Methodist Church in Youngsville, Louisiana.
173. Deborah White, "Churches Save Money with Energy Efficient Measures," Interpreter Magazine, http://www.umcom.org/site/apps/nlnet/content3.aspx? c=mrLZJ9PFKmG&b=3750135&content_id={74D1B0AF-39BA-4C8E-89F7-B5C23A62E27F}¬oc=1 (accessed June 25, 2008).
174. For an insider's perspective from the Office of Disaster Response for the Episcopal Bishop of Louisiana, see Courtney Cowart, An American Awakening: From Ground Zero to Katrina, the People We Are Free to Be (New York: Seabury, 2008).
175. Bishop Charles Jenkins, "Jericho Road Housing Initiative Is Going Strong," Bishop's Blog, Apr. 10, 2008, http://edolabishop. blogspot.com/2008/04/jericho-road-episcopal-housing.html (accessed June 11, 2009).
176. For a moving account of the impact of Katrina on Bishop Jenkins, see Bruce Nolan, "Episcopal Bishop Charles Jenkins Charts a New Course after Being Traumatized by Hurricane Katrina," Times-Picayune, Jan. 17, 2009, http://www.nola.com/news/index.ssf/2009/01/episcopal_bishop_charles_jenki.html (accessed June 11, 2009). This story describes the bishop's spiritual transformation after the hurricane and his decision to leave his position due to symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder.