메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 166, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 374-384

Sildenafil treatment attenuates lung and kidney injury due to overproduction of oxidant activity in a rat model of sepsis: A biochemical and histopathological study

Author keywords

Lung injury; Oxidative stress; Polymicrobial sepsis; Rat; Sildenafil

Indexed keywords

GLUTATHIONE; LIPID PEROXIDASE; MYELOPEROXIDASE; SILDENAFIL; SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

EID: 80855144594     PISSN: 00099104     EISSN: 13652249     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2011.04483.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (76)

References (66)
  • 1
    • 0027920980 scopus 로고
    • Pathogenetic mechanisms of septic shock
    • Parrillo JE. Pathogenetic mechanisms of septic shock. N Engl J Med 1993; 328:1471-7.
    • (1993) N Engl J Med , vol.328 , pp. 1471-1477
    • Parrillo, J.E.1
  • 2
    • 56649095996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental therapeutic strategies for severe sepsis: mediators and mechanisms
    • Parrish WR, Gallowitsch-Puerta M, Czura CJ, Tracey KJ. Experimental therapeutic strategies for severe sepsis: mediators and mechanisms. Ann NY Acad Sci 2008; 1144:210-36.
    • (2008) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.1144 , pp. 210-236
    • Parrish, W.R.1    Gallowitsch-Puerta, M.2    Czura, C.J.3    Tracey, K.J.4
  • 3
    • 0034927246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Definition of sepsis
    • Matot I, Sprung CL. Definition of sepsis. Intens Care Med 2001; 27 (Suppl. 1):S3-9.
    • (2001) Intens Care Med , vol.27 , Issue.1 SUPPL.
    • Matot, I.1    Sprung, C.L.2
  • 4
    • 34250890817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiology of sepsis
    • Remick DG. Pathophysiology of sepsis. Am J Pathol 2007; 170:1435-44.
    • (2007) Am J Pathol , vol.170 , pp. 1435-1444
    • Remick, D.G.1
  • 5
  • 7
    • 34248188817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trauma: the role of the innate immune system
    • doi: 10.1186/1749-7922-1-15. Available at:
    • Hietbrink F, Koenderman L, Rijkers G, Leenen L. Trauma: the role of the innate immune system. World J Emerg Surg 2006; 1:15. doi: 10.1186/1749-7922-1-15. Available at:
    • (2006) World J Emerg Surg , vol.1 , pp. 15
    • Hietbrink, F.1    Koenderman, L.2    Rijkers, G.3    Leenen, L.4
  • 8
    • 70350475286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pathophysiology of septic shock
    • Nduka OO, Parrillo JE. The pathophysiology of septic shock. Crit Care Clin 2009; 25:677-702.
    • (2009) Crit Care Clin , vol.25 , pp. 677-702
    • Nduka, O.O.1    Parrillo, J.E.2
  • 10
    • 0032794510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reactive nitrogen species and tyrosine nitration in the respiratory tract: epiphenomena or a pathobiologic mechanism of disease?
    • van der Vliet A, Eiserich JP, Shigenaga MK, Cross CE. Reactive nitrogen species and tyrosine nitration in the respiratory tract: epiphenomena or a pathobiologic mechanism of disease? Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 160:1-9.
    • (1999) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.160 , pp. 1-9
    • van der Vliet, A.1    Eiserich, J.P.2    Shigenaga, M.K.3    Cross, C.E.4
  • 12
    • 0030586689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo antioxidant treatment suppresses nuclear factor-kappa B activation and neutrophilic lung inflammation
    • Blackwell TS, Blackwell TR, Holden EP, Christman BW, Christman JW. In vivo antioxidant treatment suppresses nuclear factor-kappa B activation and neutrophilic lung inflammation. J Immunol 1996; 157:1630-7.
    • (1996) J Immunol , vol.157 , pp. 1630-1637
    • Blackwell, T.S.1    Blackwell, T.R.2    Holden, E.P.3    Christman, B.W.4    Christman, J.W.5
  • 13
    • 0031778077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does N-acetyl-L-cysteine influence cytokine response during early human septic shock?
    • Spapen H, Zhang H, Demanet C, Vleminckx W, Vincent JL, Huyghens L. Does N-acetyl-L-cysteine influence cytokine response during early human septic shock? Chest 1998; 113:1616-24.
    • (1998) Chest , vol.113 , pp. 1616-1624
    • Spapen, H.1    Zhang, H.2    Demanet, C.3    Vleminckx, W.4    Vincent, J.L.5    Huyghens, L.6
  • 14
    • 0037426726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pathophysiology and treatment of sepsis
    • Hotchkiss RS, Karl IE. The pathophysiology and treatment of sepsis. N Engl J Med 2003; 348:138-50.
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.348 , pp. 138-150
    • Hotchkiss, R.S.1    Karl, I.E.2
  • 16
    • 33644600336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative variables in the rat brain after sepsis induced by cecal ligation and perforation
    • Barichello T, Fortunato JJ, Vitali AM etal. Oxidative variables in the rat brain after sepsis induced by cecal ligation and perforation. Crit Care Med 2006; 34:886-9.
    • (2006) Crit Care Med , vol.34 , pp. 886-889
    • Barichello, T.1    Fortunato, J.J.2    Vitali, A.M.3
  • 18
    • 3142634845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute renal failure and sepsis
    • Schrier RW, Wang W. Acute renal failure and sepsis. N Engl J Med 2004; 351:159-69.
    • (2004) N Engl J Med , vol.351 , pp. 159-169
    • Schrier, R.W.1    Wang, W.2
  • 19
    • 0036755003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphodiesterase type 5 as a pharmacologic target in erectile dysfunction
    • Corbin JD, Francis SH, Webb DJ. Phosphodiesterase type 5 as a pharmacologic target in erectile dysfunction. Urology 2002; 60:4-11.
    • (2002) Urology , vol.60 , pp. 4-11
    • Corbin, J.D.1    Francis, S.H.2    Webb, D.J.3
  • 20
    • 40749090043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PDE5A inhibition attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary hypertension through inhibition of ROS generation and RhoA/Rho kinase activation
    • Hemnes AR, Zaiman A, Champion HC. PDE5A inhibition attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary hypertension through inhibition of ROS generation and RhoA/Rho kinase activation. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2008; 294:L24-33.
    • (2008) Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol , vol.294
    • Hemnes, A.R.1    Zaiman, A.2    Champion, H.C.3
  • 22
    • 4644290657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension
    • Humbert M, Sitbon O, Simonneau G. Treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. N Engl J Med 2004; 351:1425-36.
    • (2004) N Engl J Med , vol.351 , pp. 1425-1436
    • Humbert, M.1    Sitbon, O.2    Simonneau, G.3
  • 23
    • 0037418950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sildenafil induces delayed preconditioning through inducible nitric oxide synthase-dependent pathway in mouse heart
    • Salloum F, Yin C, Xi L, Kukreja RC. Sildenafil induces delayed preconditioning through inducible nitric oxide synthase-dependent pathway in mouse heart. Circ Res 2003; 92:595-7.
    • (2003) Circ Res , vol.92 , pp. 595-597
    • Salloum, F.1    Yin, C.2    Xi, L.3    Kukreja, R.C.4
  • 24
    • 77950339316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibition by sildenafil citrate in a rat model of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis
    • Yildirim A, Ersoy Y, Ercan F etal. Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibition by sildenafil citrate in a rat model of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2010; 23:215-21.
    • (2010) Pulm Pharmacol Ther , vol.23 , pp. 215-221
    • Yildirim, A.1    Ersoy, Y.2    Ercan, F.3
  • 25
    • 27744501977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sildenafil citrate and sildenafil nitrate (NCX 911) are potent inhibitors of superoxide formation and gp91phox expression in porcine pulmonary artery endothelial cells
    • Muzaffar S, Shukla N, Srivastava A, Angelini GD, Jeremy JY. Sildenafil citrate and sildenafil nitrate (NCX 911) are potent inhibitors of superoxide formation and gp91phox expression in porcine pulmonary artery endothelial cells. Br J Pharmacol 2005; 146:109-17.
    • (2005) Br J Pharmacol , vol.146 , pp. 109-117
    • Muzaffar, S.1    Shukla, N.2    Srivastava, A.3    Angelini, G.D.4    Jeremy, J.Y.5
  • 26
    • 30944437637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early treatment with cGMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor ameliorates progression of renal damage
    • Rodriguez-Iturbe B, Ferrebuz A, Vanegas V etal. Early treatment with cGMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor ameliorates progression of renal damage. Kidney Int 2005; 68:2131-42.
    • (2005) Kidney Int , vol.68 , pp. 2131-2142
    • Rodriguez-Iturbe, B.1    Ferrebuz, A.2    Vanegas, V.3
  • 27
    • 52149122499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of sildenafil on oxidative and inflammatory injuries of the kidney in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
    • Jeong KH, Lee TW, Ihm CG, Lee SH, Moon JY, Lim SJ. Effects of sildenafil on oxidative and inflammatory injuries of the kidney in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Am J Nephrol 2009; 29:274-82.
    • (2009) Am J Nephrol , vol.29 , pp. 274-282
    • Jeong, K.H.1    Lee, T.W.2    Ihm, C.G.3    Lee, S.H.4    Moon, J.Y.5    Lim, S.J.6
  • 28
    • 77955469344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prominent expression of phosphodiesterase 5 in striated muscle of the rat urethra and levator ani
    • Lin G, Huang YC, Wang G, Lue TF, Lin CS. Prominent expression of phosphodiesterase 5 in striated muscle of the rat urethra and levator ani. J Urol 2010; 184:769-74.
    • (2010) J Urol , vol.184 , pp. 769-774
    • Lin, G.1    Huang, Y.C.2    Wang, G.3    Lue, T.F.4    Lin, C.S.5
  • 29
    • 75449091785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of sildenafil on maternal hemodynamics and fetal growth in normal rat pregnancy
    • Sasser JM, Baylis C. Effects of sildenafil on maternal hemodynamics and fetal growth in normal rat pregnancy. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2010; 298:R433-8.
    • (2010) Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol , vol.298
    • Sasser, J.M.1    Baylis, C.2
  • 32
    • 37749000760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Appearance of antidepressant-like effect by sildenafil in rats after central muscarinic receptor blockade: evidence from behavioural and neuro-receptor studies
    • Brink CB, Clapton JD, Eagar BE, Harvey BH. Appearance of antidepressant-like effect by sildenafil in rats after central muscarinic receptor blockade: evidence from behavioural and neuro-receptor studies. J Neural Transm 2008; 115:117-25.
    • (2008) J Neural Transm , vol.115 , pp. 117-125
    • Brink, C.B.1    Clapton, J.D.2    Eagar, B.E.3    Harvey, B.H.4
  • 34
    • 0033058382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of sildenafil in mouse, rat, rabbit, dog and man
    • Walker DK, Ackland MJ, James GC etal. Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of sildenafil in mouse, rat, rabbit, dog and man. Xenobiotica 1999; 29:297-310.
    • (1999) Xenobiotica , vol.29 , pp. 297-310
    • Walker, D.K.1    Ackland, M.J.2    James, G.C.3
  • 35
    • 77955984441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antidepressant-like properties of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors and cholinergic dependency in a genetic rat model of depression
    • Liebenberg N, Harvey BH, Brand L, Brink CB. Antidepressant-like properties of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors and cholinergic dependency in a genetic rat model of depression. Behav Pharmacol 2010; 21:540-7.
    • (2010) Behav Pharmacol , vol.21 , pp. 540-547
    • Liebenberg, N.1    Harvey, B.H.2    Brand, L.3    Brink, C.B.4
  • 36
    • 79960022363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) and sildenafil on serotonin metabolism and some oxidative damage markers in rat prostate gland and brain
    • Guzman DC, Olguin HJ, Brizuela NO etal. Effect of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) and sildenafil on serotonin metabolism and some oxidative damage markers in rat prostate gland and brain. Andrologia 2011; 43:266-72.
    • (2011) Andrologia , vol.43 , pp. 266-272
    • Guzman, D.C.1    Olguin, H.J.2    Brizuela, N.O.3
  • 37
    • 75749154470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of hepatic CYP inhibitors on the metabolism of sildenafil and formation of its metabolite, N-desmethylsildenafil, in rats in vitro and in vivo
    • Bae SH, Bae SK, Lee MG. Effect of hepatic CYP inhibitors on the metabolism of sildenafil and formation of its metabolite, N-desmethylsildenafil, in rats in vitro and in vivo. J Pharm Pharmacol 2009; 61:1637-42.
    • (2009) J Pharm Pharmacol , vol.61 , pp. 1637-1642
    • Bae, S.H.1    Bae, S.K.2    Lee, M.G.3
  • 38
    • 0034949455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cecal ligation and puncture as a model of sepsis in the rat: influence of the puncture size on mortality, bacteremia, endotoxemia and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels
    • Otero-Anton E, Gonzalez-Quintela A, Lopez-Soto A, Lopez-Ben S, Llovo J, Perez LF. Cecal ligation and puncture as a model of sepsis in the rat: influence of the puncture size on mortality, bacteremia, endotoxemia and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels. Eur Surg Res 2001; 33:77-9.
    • (2001) Eur Surg Res , vol.33 , pp. 77-79
    • Otero-Anton, E.1    Gonzalez-Quintela, A.2    Lopez-Soto, A.3    Lopez-Ben, S.4    Llovo, J.5    Perez, L.F.6
  • 39
    • 79960523287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of montelukast on antioxidant enzymes and proinflammatory cytokines on the heart, liver, lungs, and kidneys in a rat model of cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis
    • Coskun AK, Yigiter M, Oral A etal. The effects of montelukast on antioxidant enzymes and proinflammatory cytokines on the heart, liver, lungs, and kidneys in a rat model of cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis. ScientificWorldJournal 2011; 11:1341-56.
    • (2011) ScientificWorldJournal , vol.11 , pp. 1341-1356
    • Coskun, A.K.1    Yigiter, M.2    Oral, A.3
  • 40
    • 77953008812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of polymicrobial sepsis with diabetes mellitus on kidney tissues in ovariectomized rats
    • Uyanik A, Unal D, Uyanik MH etal. The effects of polymicrobial sepsis with diabetes mellitus on kidney tissues in ovariectomized rats. Ren Fail 2010; 32:592-602.
    • (2010) Ren Fail , vol.32 , pp. 592-602
    • Uyanik, A.1    Unal, D.2    Uyanik, M.H.3
  • 41
    • 77951453338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alpha-lipoic acid as a potential target for the treatment of lung injury caused by cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis model in rats
    • Cadirci E, Altunkaynak BZ, Halici Z etal. Alpha-lipoic acid as a potential target for the treatment of lung injury caused by cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis model in rats. Shock 2010; 33:479-84.
    • (2010) Shock , vol.33 , pp. 479-484
    • Cadirci, E.1    Altunkaynak, B.Z.2    Halici, Z.3
  • 42
    • 79958227080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of diabetes and/or polymicrobial sepsis on the status of antioxidant enzymes and pro-inflammatory cytokines on heart, liver, and lung of ovariectomized rats
    • Albayrak A, Uyanik MH, Odabasoglu F etal. The effects of diabetes and/or polymicrobial sepsis on the status of antioxidant enzymes and pro-inflammatory cytokines on heart, liver, and lung of ovariectomized rats. J Surg Res 2011; 169:67-75.
    • (2011) J Surg Res , vol.169 , pp. 67-75
    • Albayrak, A.1    Uyanik, M.H.2    Odabasoglu, F.3
  • 43
    • 84863783838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The new vitamin E derivative, ETS-GS, protects against cecal ligation and puncture-induced systemic inflammation in rats. Inflammation ; doi: 10.1007/s10753-011-9344-2.
    • Koga H, Hagiwara S, Inomata M etal. The new vitamin E derivative, ETS-GS, protects against cecal ligation and puncture-induced systemic inflammation in rats. Inflammation 2011; doi: 10.1007/s10753-011-9344-2.
    • (2011)
    • Koga, H.1    Hagiwara, S.2    Inomata, M.3
  • 44
    • 0023228165 scopus 로고
    • The effect of preoperative internal and external biliary drainage on mortality of jaundiced rats
    • Gouma DJ, Coelho JC, Schlegel JF, Li YF, Moody FG. The effect of preoperative internal and external biliary drainage on mortality of jaundiced rats. Arch Surg 1987; 122:731-4.
    • (1987) Arch Surg , vol.122 , pp. 731-734
    • Gouma, D.J.1    Coelho, J.C.2    Schlegel, J.F.3    Li, Y.F.4    Moody, F.G.5
  • 45
    • 0023952554 scopus 로고
    • A simple method for clinical assay of superoxide dismutase
    • Sun Y, Oberley LW, Li Y. A simple method for clinical assay of superoxide dismutase. Clin Chem 1988; 34:497-500.
    • (1988) Clin Chem , vol.34 , pp. 497-500
    • Sun, Y.1    Oberley, L.W.2    Li, Y.3
  • 46
    • 0020051148 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of cutaneous inflammation: estimation of neutrophil content with an enzyme marker
    • Bradley PP, Priebat DA, Christensen RD, Rothstein G. Measurement of cutaneous inflammation: estimation of neutrophil content with an enzyme marker. J Invest Dermatol 1982; 78:206-9.
    • (1982) J Invest Dermatol , vol.78 , pp. 206-209
    • Bradley, P.P.1    Priebat, D.A.2    Christensen, R.D.3    Rothstein, G.4
  • 47
    • 0018384650 scopus 로고
    • Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction
    • Ohkawa H, Ohishi N, Yagi K. Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction. Anal Biochem 1979; 95:351-8.
    • (1979) Anal Biochem , vol.95 , pp. 351-358
    • Ohkawa, H.1    Ohishi, N.2    Yagi, K.3
  • 48
    • 0014428865 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of total, protein-bound, and nonprotein sulfhydryl groups in tissue with Ellman's reagent
    • Sedlak J, Lindsay RH. Estimation of total, protein-bound, and nonprotein sulfhydryl groups in tissue with Ellman's reagent. Anal Biochem 1968; 25:192-205.
    • (1968) Anal Biochem , vol.25 , pp. 192-205
    • Sedlak, J.1    Lindsay, R.H.2
  • 49
    • 22344438592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strain-specific differences in perivascular inflammation in lungs in two murine models of allergic airway inflammation
    • Singh B, Shinagawa K, Taube C, Gelfand EW, Pabst R. Strain-specific differences in perivascular inflammation in lungs in two murine models of allergic airway inflammation. Clin Exp Immunol 2005; 141:223-9.
    • (2005) Clin Exp Immunol , vol.141 , pp. 223-229
    • Singh, B.1    Shinagawa, K.2    Taube, C.3    Gelfand, E.W.4    Pabst, R.5
  • 50
    • 8844284547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation of plasma and tissue oxidative stresses in intra-abdominal sepsis
    • Koksal GM, Sayilgan C, Aydin S, Oz H, Uzun H. Correlation of plasma and tissue oxidative stresses in intra-abdominal sepsis. J Surg Res 2004; 122:180-3.
    • (2004) J Surg Res , vol.122 , pp. 180-183
    • Koksal, G.M.1    Sayilgan, C.2    Aydin, S.3    Oz, H.4    Uzun, H.5
  • 51
    • 0019855738 scopus 로고
    • Lipid peroxide formation and membrane damage in endotoxin-poisoned mice
    • Sakaguchi S, Kanda N, Hsu CC, Sakaguchi O. Lipid peroxide formation and membrane damage in endotoxin-poisoned mice. Microbiol Immunol 1981; 25:229-44.
    • (1981) Microbiol Immunol , vol.25 , pp. 229-244
    • Sakaguchi, S.1    Kanda, N.2    Hsu, C.C.3    Sakaguchi, O.4
  • 52
    • 63649149166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sepsis and multiple organ failure anaesthesia
    • Dickson S. Sepsis and multiple organ failure anaesthesia. Intens Care Med 2009; 10:165-8.
    • (2009) Intens Care Med , vol.10 , pp. 165-168
    • Dickson, S.1
  • 54
    • 0027383809 scopus 로고
    • Free radicals and antioxidants in sepsis
    • Goode HF, Webster NR. Free radicals and antioxidants in sepsis. Crit Care Med 1993; 21:1770-6.
    • (1993) Crit Care Med , vol.21 , pp. 1770-1776
    • Goode, H.F.1    Webster, N.R.2
  • 55
    • 0035025056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective effects of n-acetylcysteine on lung injury and red blood cell modification induced by carrageenan in the rat
    • Cuzzocrea S, Mazzon E, Dugo L etal. Protective effects of n-acetylcysteine on lung injury and red blood cell modification induced by carrageenan in the rat. FASEB J 2001; 15:1187-200.
    • (2001) FASEB J , vol.15 , pp. 1187-1200
    • Cuzzocrea, S.1    Mazzon, E.2    Dugo, L.3
  • 57
    • 0036550855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance to acute septic peritonitis in poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1-deficient mice
    • Soriano FG, Liaudet L, Szabo E etal. Resistance to acute septic peritonitis in poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1-deficient mice. Shock 2002; 17:286-92.
    • (2002) Shock , vol.17 , pp. 286-292
    • Soriano, F.G.1    Liaudet, L.2    Szabo, E.3
  • 59
  • 60
    • 0034131480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of glutathione and N-acetylcysteine on lipoperoxidative damage in patients with early septic shock
    • Ortolani O, Conti A, De Gaudio AR, Moraldi E, Cantini Q, Novelli G. The effect of glutathione and N-acetylcysteine on lipoperoxidative damage in patients with early septic shock. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 161:1907-11.
    • (2000) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.161 , pp. 1907-1911
    • Ortolani, O.1    Conti, A.2    De Gaudio, A.R.3    Moraldi, E.4    Cantini, Q.5    Novelli, G.6
  • 61
    • 0035053874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cysteine metabolism and whole blood glutathione synthesis in septic pediatric patients
    • Lyons J, Rauh-Pfeiffer A, Ming-Yu Y etal. Cysteine metabolism and whole blood glutathione synthesis in septic pediatric patients. Crit Care Med 2001; 29:870-7.
    • (2001) Crit Care Med , vol.29 , pp. 870-877
    • Lyons, J.1    Rauh-Pfeiffer, A.2    Ming-Yu, Y.3
  • 62
    • 0033945867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Depletion of liver glutathione potentiates the oxidative stress and decreases nitric oxide synthesis in a rat endotoxin shock model
    • Carbonell LF, Nadal JA, Llanos MC, Hernandez I, Nava E, Diaz J. Depletion of liver glutathione potentiates the oxidative stress and decreases nitric oxide synthesis in a rat endotoxin shock model. Crit Care Med 2000; 28:2002-6.
    • (2000) Crit Care Med , vol.28 , pp. 2002-2006
    • Carbonell, L.F.1    Nadal, J.A.2    Llanos, M.C.3    Hernandez, I.4    Nava, E.5    Diaz, J.6
  • 63
    • 10744226567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative parameters and mortality in sepsis induced by cecal ligation and perforation
    • Ritter C, Andrades M, Frota Junior ML etal. Oxidative parameters and mortality in sepsis induced by cecal ligation and perforation. Intens Care Med 2003; 29:1782-9.
    • (2003) Intens Care Med , vol.29 , pp. 1782-1789
    • Ritter, C.1    Andrades, M.2    Frota Junior, M.L.3
  • 64
    • 0026575846 scopus 로고
    • Cytokine serum level during severe sepsis in human IL-6 as a marker of severity
    • Damas P, Ledoux D, Nys M etal. Cytokine serum level during severe sepsis in human IL-6 as a marker of severity. Ann Surg 1992; 215:356-62.
    • (1992) Ann Surg , vol.215 , pp. 356-362
    • Damas, P.1    Ledoux, D.2    Nys, M.3
  • 65
    • 0036045390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokine modulation in sepsis and septic shock
    • Zanotti S, Kumar A. Cytokine modulation in sepsis and septic shock. Exp Opin Investig Drugs 2002; 11:1061-75.
    • (2002) Exp Opin Investig Drugs , vol.11 , pp. 1061-1075
    • Zanotti, S.1    Kumar, A.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.