Mathematical modeling of a secondary clarifier with cone-shaped bottom

International Journal of Fluid Mechanics Research

Volumn 38, Issue 5, 2011, Pages 458-478

  Stepova, N ^a   Kalugin, Y ^a  

^a Institute of Hydromechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine   (Ukraine)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLARIFICATION; DATA VISUALIZATION; NUMERICAL METHODS;

1D MATHEMATICAL MODELS; COMPUTER CODES; CONE-SHAPED; CROSS SECTIONAL AREA; EULER'S METHOD; NUMERICAL SOLUTION; SECONDARY CLARIFIER; SETTLING VELOCITY; SUSPENDED SOLIDS; TIME MOMENTS;

CLARIFIERS;

EID: 80855139870     PISSN: 21525102     EISSN: 21525110     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1615/InterJFluidMechRes.v38.i5.70     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality, Vol. 1: Recommendations,World Health Organization, Geneva, 1993.
2. Council Directive 98/83/EC of 3 November 1998, On the Quality ofWater Intended for Human Consumption, Offic. J. Eur. Commun., 1998, L330, pp. 32-54.
3. Goncharuk, V., Gordienko, A., Globa, L., and Gvozdik, P., Biotechnology in Drinking Water Preparation, Water Chem. Technol. (Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Vody), 2003, 25, No. 4, pp. 363- 374 [in Russian].
4. Stepova N., Siry V., Hinkelmann R., and Barjenbruch M., Simulation der Verbringung von gereinigtem Abwasser in Böden, GWF Wasser/Abwasser, 2009, 5, pp. 367-371.
5. Stepovaya, N. G., Ecological Aspects of SewageWater Infusion in the Ground, Energy Technol. Resour. Sav. (Energotekhnologii i Resursosberezhenie), 2010, 1, pp. 66-71.
6. Goncharuk, V. V., Klimenko, N. A., Skubchenko, V. F., and Medvedovskiy, V. V., A State of Centralized Water Supply Source and its Effect on Quality of Natural Water, Water Chem. Technol. (Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Vody), 2005, 27, No. 6, pp. 559-5826 [in Russian].
7. Tchobanoglous, G., Burton, F. L., and Stensel, H. D., Wastewater Engineering: Treatment and Reuse, McGraw-Hill, Metcalf & Eddy, 2003.
8. David, R., Vasel, J.-L., and Vande Wouwer, A., Settler Dynamic Modeling and MATLAB Simulation of the Activated Sludge Process, Chem. Eng. J., 2009, 146, pp. 174-183.
9. David, R., Saucez, P., Vasel, J.-L., and VandeWouwer, A., Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Secondary Settlers: A Method of Lines Strategy, Water Resour., 2009, 43, pp. 319-330.
10. Hamilton, J., Jain, R., Antoniou, P., Svoronos, S. A., Koopman, B., and Liberatos, G., Modeling and Pilot-Scale Experimental Verification for Predenitrification Process, J. Environ. Eng., 1992, 118, No. 1, pp. 38-55.
11. Watts, R. W., Svoronos, S. A., and Koopman, B., One-Dimensional Modeling of Secondary Clarifiers using a Concentration and Feed Velocity-Dependent Dispersion Coefficient, Water Resour., 1996, 30, No. 9, pp. 2112-2124.
12. Oleinik, A. Ya., Kalugin, Yu. I., Stepova, N. G., and Zyablikov, S. M., Theoretical Analysis of Concretion Processes in the Systems of Biological Rectification of Foul Waters, Appl. Hydromech. (Prikladnaya Gidromekhanika), 2004, 78, N 4, pp. 62-67 [in Russian].
13. Oliinyk, O. Ya., Stepova, N. G., and Zyablikov, S. M., On Calculation of Secondary Clarifiers, Probl. Water Supp. Drain. Hydraul. (Problemy Vodopostachannya, Vodovidvedennya ta Gidravliky), 2004, 3, pp. 44-55 [in Ukrainian].
14. Stepova, N. G., Approbation of 1D Mathematical Model Describing the Processes in the Secondary Clarifier of a Vertical Type, Probl. Water Supp. Drain. Hydraul. (Problemy Vodopostachannya, Vodovidvedennya ta Gidravliky), 2009, 13, pp. 81-90 [in Ukrainian].
15. Stepova, N. and Masyuk, S., Mathematical Modeling of the Processes Running at Water Purification in the Biodisk Filter and Vertical Secondary Clarifier (a Final Report), Inst. Hydromech. NASU, Kyiv, 200879 [in Ukrainian].
16. Stepova, N. and Pollert, J., Modelling Secondary Activated Sludge Settlers with Upward Flow in Wastewater Treatment Plants, Sborník semináre k výzkumnému zámru, TU Prague, MSM6840770002, 2008, pp. 172-180.
17. Stepova, N. and Barjenbruch, M., Validierung eines Modells für Nachklärbecken, WWT - Wasserwirtschaft Wassertechnik, 2009, 3, pp. 26-31.
18. Kynch, G. J., A Theory of Sedimentation, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1952, 48, pp. 166-176.
19. Roche, N., Vaxelaire, I., and Prost, C., A Simple Empirical Model for Hindered Settling in Activated Sludge Clarifies, Water Environ. Res., 1995, 65, No. 5, pp. 775-780.
20. Giokas, D. L., Kim, Y., Paraskevas, P. A., Paleologos, E. K., and Lekkas, T. D., A Simple Empirical Model for Activated Sludge Thickening in Secondary Clarifies, Water Resour. Res., 2002, 36, No. 13, pp. 3245-3252. (Pubitemid 35299394)
21. Fan, L., Xu, N., Ke, X., and Shi, H., Numerical Simulation of Secondary Sedimentation Tank for Urban Wastewater, J. Chin. Inst. Chem. Eng., 2007, 38, pp. 425-433. (Pubitemid 351265768)
22. Schumacher S., Leistungsbestimmende Prozesse in Nachklärbecken, Institut für Strömungsmechanik und Elektronisches Rechnen im Bauwesen der Universität Hannover, PhD Thes., Bericht Nr.73/2006, 2006.
23. He, Ch., Marsalek, J., Rochfort, Q., and Krishnappan, B., Case Study: Refinement of Hydraulic Operation of a Complex CSO Storage. Treatment Facility by Numerical and Physical Modeling, J. Hydrol. Eng. ASCE, 2006, 132, pp. 131-139. (Pubitemid 43119012)
24. Bürger, R. and Narváez, A., Steady-State, Control, and Capacity Calculations for Flocculated Suspensions in Clarifier-Thickeners, Int. J. Miner. Process., 2007, 84, pp. 274-298. (Pubitemid 47380023)
25. Pektas, B., Modeling and Computer Simulation of the Identification Problem Related to the Sludge Concentration in a Settler, Math. Comp. Model., 2009, 49, pp. 843-855.
26. Weiss, M., Plosz, B., Essemiani, K., and Meinhold, J., Suction-Lift Sludge Removal and Non- Newtonian Flow Behaviour in Circular Secondary Clarifiers: Numerical Modelling and Measurements, Chem. Eng. J., 2007, 132, pp. 241-255. (Pubitemid 46843646)
27. Krebs, P., Success and Shortcomings of Clarifies Modeling, Water Sci. Technol., 1995, 31, pp. 181-191.
28. Dick, R. I., Role of Activated Sludge Final Settling Tanks, J. San. Div. ASCE, 1970, 96, No. SA2, Pap. 7231, pp. 423-436.
29. Shin, B.S. and Dick, R. I., Applicability of Kynch Theory to Flocculent Suspensions, J. Env. Eng. Div. ASCE, 1980, 106, pp. 505-526.
30. Diehl, S., The Solids-Flux Theory - Confirmation and Extension by Using Partial Differential Equations, Water Res., 2008, 42, pp. 4976-4988.
31. Takács, I., Patry, G. G., and Nolasso, D., A Dynamic Model of the Clarifies-Thickening Process, Water Res., 1991, 25, No. 10, pp. 1263-1271.
32. Otterpohl, R. and Freund, M., Dynamic Models for Clarifies of Activated Sludge Plants with Dry and Wet Weather Flows, Water Sci.Tech., 1992, 26, No. 5-6, pp. 1391-1400.
33. Härtel, L. and Pöpel, H. J., A Dynamic Secondary Clarifier Model Including Processes of Sludge Thickening, Water Sci. Technol, 1992, 25, No. 6, pp. 267-284.
34. Dupont, R. and Henze, M., Modeling of the Secondary Clarifies Combined with the Activated Sludge Model No. 1, Water Sci. Technol., 1992, 25, No. 6, pp. 285-300.
35. Bryant, J. O., Continuous Time Simulation of the Conventional Activated Sludge Wastewater Renovation System, Ph.D. Diss., Clemson Univ., South Carolina, USA, 1972.
36. Stenstrom, M. K., A Dynamic Model and Computer Compatible Control Strategies for Wastewater Treatment, Ph.D. Diss., Clemson Univ., South Carolina, USA, 1975.
37. Jeppsson, U. and Diehl, S., An Evaluation of the Dynamic Model of the Secondary Settler, Water Sci. Technol., 1996, 34, No. 5-6, pp. 19-26. (Pubitemid 26388010)
38. Diehl, S. and Jeppsson, U., A Model of the Settler Coupled to the Biological Reactor, Water Res., 1998, 32, No. 2, pp. 331-342. (Pubitemid 28035039)
39. Joannis, C., Aumond, M., Dauphin, S., Ruban, G., Deguin, A., and Bridoux, G., Modeling Activated Sludge Mass Transfer in a Treatment Plant, Water Sci. Technol., 1999, 39, No. 4, pp. 29-36. (Pubitemid 29154488)
40. Lee, T. T., Wang, F. Y., and Newell, R. B., Distributed Parameter Approach to the Dynamics of Complex Biological Processes, AIChE J., 1999, 45, No. 10, pp. 2245-2268.
41. Stepova, N. G. and Kalugin, Yu. I., Accounting the Design Specifics of a Catch Basin at its Mathematical Modeling, Env. Saf. Nature Manag. (Ekologichna Bezpeka ta Pryrodokorystuvannya), 2010, 4, pp. 140-150 [in Ukrainian].
42. Ekama, G. A., Barnard, J. L., Günthert, F.W., Krebs, P., McCorquodale, J. A., Parker, D. S., and Wahlberg, E. J., Secondary Settling Tanks: Theory, Modelling, Design and Operation, IAWQ Sci. Tech. Rep. No. 6, London, 1996.
43. Holenda, B., Pásztor, I., Kárpáti, Á ., and Rédey Á ., Comparison of One-Dimensional Secondary Settling Tank Models, In: Eur. Water Manag. Online, Offic. Publ. Eur. Water Ass. (EWA), 2006.
44. Jeppsson, U., Modelling Aspects of Wastewater Treatment Processes, Ph. D. Thes., IEA, Lund Inst. Technol., Lund, Sweden, 1996.
45. Giokas, L. D., Daigger, G. T., Von Sperling, M., Kim, Y., and Paraskevas, A., Comparison and Evaluation of Empirical Zone Settling Velocity Parameters Based on Sludge Volume Index using an Unified Settling Characteristics Database, Water Res., 2003, 37, pp. 3821-3836. (Pubitemid 36952421)
46. Thomas, D. G., Transport Characteristics of Suspensions. Relation of Hindered Settling Floc Characteristics to Rheological Parameters, AIChE J., 1963, 9, pp. 310-316.
47. Vesilind, P. A., Discussion of "Evaluation of Activated Sludge Thickening Theories", by R. I. Dick and B. B. Ewing, J. San. Eng. Div. ASCE, 1968, 94, pp. 185-191.
48. Cho, S. H., Colin, F., Sardin, M., and Prost, C., Settling Velocity Model of Activated Sludge, Water Res., 1993, 7, pp. 1237-1242.
49. Vaerenbergh, E. V., Numerical Computation of Secondary Settler Area Using Batch Settling Data, Trib. Cebedeau, 1980, 33, pp. 369-374.
50. Dupont, R. and Dahl, C., A One-Dimensional Model for a Secondary Settling Tank Including Density Current and Shortcircuiting, Water Sci. Technol., 1995, 31, No. 2, pp. 215-224.
51. Akca, L., Kinaci, C., and Karpuzcu, M., A Model for Optimum Design of Activated Sludge Plants, Water Res., 1993, 27, pp. 1461-1468.
52. Abusam, A., and Keesman, K. J., Sensitivity Analysis of the Secondary Settling Tank Double- Exponential Function Model, In: Eur. Water Manag. Online, Offic. Publ. Eur. Water Ass. (EWA), 2002.
53. J. De Clercq, M. Devisscher, I. Boonen, P.A. Vanrolleghem, J. Defrancq., A new onedimensional clarifier model - verification using full-scale experimental data, Water Sci.& Tech, 2003, 47, pp. 105-112. (Pubitemid 36957984)
54. Stepova, N., Pollert, J., Konírek, Z., and Handová, Z., Stanovení sedimentarní rychlosty pro výporet dosazovacích nadrží, Stavební Obzor, 2009, 4, pp. 124-128.
55. Mines, J. R., Vilagos, J. L., Echelberger, J.W., and Murphy, R. J., Conventional and Awt Mixed- Liquor Settling Characteristics, J. Env. Eng. ASCE, 2001, 127, N3, pp. 249-258. (Pubitemid 32219394)
56. Daigger, G. T. and Roper, R. E., The Relationship between SVI and Activated Sludge Settling Characteristics, J. Water Pollut. Control Fed., 1985, 57, pp. 859-866. (Pubitemid 15235319)
57. Daigger, G. T., Development of Refined Clarifier Operating Diagrams using an Updated Settling Characteristics Database, Water Environ. Res., 1995, 67, No. 1, pp. 95-100.
58. Wahlberg, E. J. and Keinath, T. M., Development of Settling Flux Curves using SVI, J. Water Pollut. Control Fed., 1988, 60, N12, pp. 2095-2100. (Pubitemid 19000539)
59. Ozinsky, A. E. and Ekama, G. A., Secondary Settling Tank Modelling and Design. Part I, Water SA, 1995, 21, No. 4, pp. 325-332.
60. Peter, A. and Schmidt, V., Berliner-Becken: A New Developed Secondary Clarifier with a Vertical Flow, Water Sci. Technol., 1992, 25, No. 4-5, pp. 35-41.
61. Diehl, S., On Boundary Conditions and Solutions for Ideal Clarifier-Thickener Units, Chem. Eng. J., 2000, 80, pp. 119-133.
62. Stepova, N. G., Kalugin, Yu. I., Oliinyk, O. Ya., On Calculation of Vertical Clarifier Taking into Account the Shape of its Lower Part, Probl. Water Supp. Drain. Hydraul. (Problemy Vodopostachannya, Vodovidvedennya ta Gidravliky), 2010, 14, pp. 145-151 [in Ukrainian].