Seventy-six years of mean mass balance rates derived from recent and re-evaluated ice volume measurements on tropical Lewis Glacier, Mount Kenya

Geophysical Research Letters

Volumn 38, Issue 20, 2011, Pages

  Prinz, Rainer ^a   Fischer, Andrea ^a,b   Nicholson, Lindsey ^a   Kaser, Georg ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF INNSBRUCK   (Austria)

^b ERICH SCHMID INSTITUTE OF MATERIALS SCIENCE   (Austria)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GLACIERS; TROPICS; VOLUME MEASUREMENT;

GLOBAL ESTIMATE; HISTORICAL MAPS; ICE VOLUMES; MASS BALANCE; NEW-ICE; TROPICAL GLACIERS;

ICE;

BEDROCK; DATA ACQUISITION; DIGITAL ELEVATION MODEL; GLACIER DYNAMICS; GLACIER MASS BALANCE; GLACIOLOGY; GROUND PENETRATING RADAR; RECONSTRUCTION; TOPOGRAPHY;

EASTERN PROVINCE [KENYA]; KENYA; LEWIS GLACIER;

EID: 80455174857     PISSN: 00948276     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2011GL049208     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Bhatt, N., S. Hastenrath, and P. Kruss (1980), Ice thickness determination at Lewis Glacier, Mount Kenya: Seismology, gravimetry, dynamics, Z Gletscherkd. Glazialgeol., 16(2), 213-228.
2. Caukwell, R. A., and S. Hastenrath (1977), A new map of Lewis Glacier, Mount Kenya, Erdkunde, 31, 85-87, doi:10.3112/erdkunde.1977.02.02.
3. Charnley, F. E. (1959), Some observations on the glaciers of Mount Kenya, J. Glaciol, 3(26), 483-492.
4. Dutton, E. A. T. (1929), Kenya Mountain, Jonathan Cape, London.
5. Fischer, A. (2009), Calculation of glacier volume from sparse ice-thickness data, applied to Schaufelferner, Austria, J. Glaciol., 55(191), 453-460, doi:10.3189/002214309788816740.
6. Gregory, J. W. (1894), Contributions to the physical geography of British East Africa, Geogr. J., 4(4), 289-315, doi:10.2307/1773534.
7. Hastenrath, S. (1984), The Glaciers of Equatorial East Africa, D. Reidel, Dordrecht, Netherlands.
8. Hastenrath, S. (1989), Ice flow and mass changes of Lewis Glacier, Mount Kenya, East Africa: Observations 1974-86, modelling, and predictions to the year 2000 A.D, J. Glaciol, 35(121), 325-332.
9. Hastenrath, S. (2005a), Glaciological Studies on Mount Kenya 1971-2005, Univ. of Wisc.-Madison, Madison.
10. Hastenrath, S. (2005b), The glaciers of Mount Kenya 1899-2004, Erdkunde, 59, 120-125, doi:10.3112/erdkunde.2005.02.03. (Pubitemid 40974744)
11. Hastenrath, S. (2008), Recession of Equatorial Glaciers: A Photo Documentation, Sundog, Madison, Wisc.
12. Hastenrath, S. (2010), Climatic forcing of glacier thinning on the mountains of equatorial East Africa, Int. J. Climatol, 30,146-152, doi:10.1002/joc.1866.
13. Hastenrath, S., and R. A. Caukwell (1979), Variations of Lewis Glacier, Mount Kenya, 1974-78, Erdkunde, 33, 292-297, doi:10.3112/erdkunde. 1979.04.06.
14. Hastenrath, S., and P. Kruss (1992), The dramatic retreat of Mount Kenya's glaciers between 1963 and 1987: Greenhouse forcing, Ann. Glaciol, 16, 127-133. (Pubitemid 23375561)
15. Hastenrath, S., and D. Polzin (2004), Volume decrease of Lewis Glacier, Mount Kenya, 1978-2004, Z Gletscherkd. Glazialgeol, 39, 133-139.
16. Hastenrath, S., and R. Rostom (1990), Variations of the Lewis and Gregory Glaciers, Mount Kenya, 1978-86-90, Erdkunde, 44, 313-317, doi:10.3112/erdkunde. 1990.04.06.
17. Hastenrath, S., S. R. Rostom, and W. F. Hime (1995), Variations of the Lewis and Gregory Glaciers, Mount Kenya, 1990-1993, Erdkunde, 49, 60-62. (Pubitemid 26437252)
18. Hutchinson, M. F. (1989), A new procedure for gridding elevation and stream line data with automatic removal of spurious pits, J. Hydrol, 106(3-4), 211-232, doi:10.1016/0022-1694(89)90073-5. (Pubitemid 19305600)
19. Karl, T. R., S. J. Hassol, C. D. Miller, and W. L. Murray (Eds.) (2006), Temperature Trends in the Lower Atmosphere: Steps for Understanding and Reconciling Differences, U.S. Clim. Change Sci. Program, Washington, D. C.
20. Kaser, G. (2001), Glacier-climate interaction at low latitudes, J. Glaciol, 47(157), 195-204, doi:10.3189/172756501781832296. (Pubitemid 33119233)
21. Kaser, G., D. R. Hardy, T. Mölg, R. S. Bradley, and T. M. Hyera (2004), Modern glacier retreat on Kilimanjaro as evidence of climate change: Observations and facts, Int. J. Climatol, 24, 329-339, doi:10.1002/joc.1008. (Pubitemid 38485296)
22. Kaser, G., J. G. Cogley, M. B. Dyurgerov, M. F. Meier, and A. Ohmura (2006), Mass balance of glaciers and ice caps: Consensus estimates for 1961-2004, Geophys. Res. Lett, 33, L19501, doi:10.1029/2006GL027511. (Pubitemid 46535067)
23. Kaser, G., T. Mölg, N. J. Cullen, D. R. Hardy, and M. Winkler (2010), Is the decline of ice on Kilimanjaro unprecedented in the Holocene?, Holocene, 20, 1079-1091, doi:10.1177/0959683610369498.
24. Kruss, P., and S. Hastenrath (1987), The role of radiation geometry in the climate response of Mount Kenya's glaciers, part 1: Horizontal reference surfaces, J. Climatol, 7, 493-505, doi:10.1002/joc.3370070505.
25. Lambrecht, A., and M. Kuhn (2007), Glacier changes in the Austrian Alps during the last three decades, derived from the new Austrian glacier inven-tory, Ann. Glaciol, 46, 177-184, doi:10.3189/172756407782871341.
26. Mackinder, H. J. (1900), A journey to the summit of Mount Kenya, British East Africa, Geogr. J., 15(5), 453-476, doi:10.2307/1774261.
27. Mölg, T., D. R. Hardy, N. J. Cullen, and G. Kaser (2008), Tropical glaciers, climate change, and society: Focus on Kilimanjaro (East Africa), in The Darkening Peaks: Glacial Retreat in Scientific and Social Context, edited by B. Orlove, E. Wiegandt, and B. Luckman, pp. 881-892, Univ. of Calif. Press, Berkeley.
28. Mölg, T., N. J. Cullen, D. R. Hardy, M. Winkler, and G. Kaser (2009), Quantifying climate change in the tropical midtroposphere over East Africa from glacier shrinkage on Kilimanjaro, J. Clim., 22(15), 4162-4181, doi:10.1175/2009JCLI2954.1.
29. Osmaston, H. (1989), Glaciers, glaciation and equilibrium line altitudes on the Ruwenzori, in Quaternary and Environmental Research on East African Mountains, edited by W. C. Mahaney, pp. 31-104, Balkema, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
30. Patzelt, G., E. Schneider, and G. Moser (1984), Der Lewis-Gletscher, Mount Kenya. Begleitworte zur Gletscherkarte 1983, Z. Gletscherkd. Glazialgeol., 20, 177-195.
31. Platt, C. M. (1966), Some observations on the climate of Lewis Glacier, Mount Kenya, during the rainy season, J. Glaciol., 6(44), 267-287.
32. Rostom, R., and S. Hastenrath (1995), Mapping the glaciers of Mount Kenya in 1947, Erdkunde, 49, 244-249, doi:10.3112/erdkunde.1995.03.06.
33. Rostom, R., and S. Hastenrath (2007), Variations of Mount Kenya's glaciers 1993-2004, Erdkunde, 61, 277-283, doi:10.3112/erdkunde.2007.03.05. (Pubitemid 350000942)
34. Schneider, E. (1964), Begleitworte zur Karte des Mount Kenya, scale 1:10000, in Khumbu Himal. Ergebnisse des Forschungsunternehmens Nepal Himalaya, edited by W. Hellmich, Springer, Berlin.
35. Span, N., A. Fischer, M. Kuhn, M. Massimo, and M. Butschek (2005), Radarmessungen der Eisdicke Österreichischer Gletscher. Band 1: Messungen 1995 bis 1998, Österreichische Beiträge Meteorol. Geophys. 33, Zentralanstalt für Meteorol. und Geodyn., Vienna.
36. Thompson, L. G., and S. L. Hastenrath (1981), Climatic ice core studies at Lewis Glacier, Mount Kenya, Z.Gletscherkd. Glazialgeol., 17(1), 115-123.
37. Trenberth, K. E., et al. (2007), Observations: Surface and atmospheric climate change, inClimate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working GroupI tothe Fourth Assessment Reportof the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, edited by S. Solomon et al., pp. 235-336, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, New York.
38. Troll, C., and K. Wien (1949), Der Lewisgletscher am Mount Kenya, Geogr. Ann., 31, 257-274, doi:10.2307/520369.