Airborne spray drift measurement using passive collectors and lidar systems

Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering

Volumn 8174, Issue , 2011, Pages

  Gregorio, Eduard ^a   Solanelles, Francesc ^b   Rocadenbosch, Francesc ^c   Rosell, Joan Ramon ^a   Sanz, Ricardo ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LLEIDA   (Spain)

^b GENERALITAT DE CATALUNYA   (Spain)

^c UNIVERSITAT POLITÈCNICA DE CATALUNYA   (Spain)

Author keywords

Agriculture emission measurement; Lidar; Passive collector; Pesticide application; Remote sensing; Spray drift; Tracer

Indexed keywords

ASSESSMENT TECHNIQUE; CONVENTIONAL METHODS; EMISSION MEASUREMENT; HORIZONTAL SURFACES; LIDAR SYSTEMS; LONG DISTANCES; MONITORING CAPABILITIES; PASSIVE COLLECTOR; PASSIVE SAMPLERS; SAMPLING TECHNIQUE; SPRAY APPLICATION; SPRAY DRIFT; TIME CONSUMPTION; TRACER;

AGRICULTURE; ECOSYSTEMS; HYDROLOGY; MONITORING; REMOTE SENSING;

OPTICAL RADAR;

EID: 80455135078     PISSN: 0277786X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Conference Proceeding    
DOI: 10.1117/12.903723     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (64)

1. ISO 22866, "Equipment for crop protection -Methods for field measurement of spray drift, " International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, CH, (2005).
2. Elliott, J.G. and Wilson, B.J., "The influence of weather on the efficiency and safety of pesticide application. The drift of herbicides." Occasional Publication 3, British Crop Protection Council, Croydon, UK, (1983).
3. Miller P.C.H., "Spray drift and its measurement" in [Application Technology For Crop Protection], eds. G.A. Matthews and E.C. Hislop, CAB International, Wallingford, UK, 101-122 (1993).
4. Bache, D.H. and Johnstone, D.R., [Microclimate and Spray Dispersion], Ellis Horwood Ltd, Chinchester, UK, (1992).
5. Cooper, J.F., Smith, D.N. and Dobson, H.M., "An evaluation of two field samplers for monitoring spray drift, " Crop. Prot., 15, 249-257 (1996). (Pubitemid 126652051)
6. Johnstone, D.R., Rendell, C.H. and Sutherland J.A., "The short-term fate of droplets of coarse aerosol size in ultra-low-volume insecticide application onto a tropical field crop, " J. Aerosol. Sci., 8, 395-407 (1977). (Pubitemid 8566575)
7. Crowe, C.T., Sommerfeld, M. and Tsuji, Y., [Multiphase Flows with Droplets and Particles], CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, (1998).
8. May, K.R. and Clifford, R., "The impaction of aerosol particles on cylinders, spheres, ribbons and discs, " Ann. of Occup. Hyg., 10, 83-95 (1966).
9. Legg, B.J. and Powell, F.A., "Spore dispersal in a barley crop: a mathematical model, " Agric. Meteorol., 20, 47-67 (1979).
10. Aylor, D.E., "Modeling spore dispersal in a barley crop, " Agric. Meteorol., 26, 215-219 (1982).
11. Walklate P.J., "A simulation study of pesticide drift from an air-assisted orchard sprayer, " J. Agric. Eng. Res., 51, 263-83 (1992).
12. Ankilov, A.N., Borodulin, A.I., Koutzenogy, K.P., Sakharov, V.M. and Makarov, V.I., "Efficiency of aerosol particle capture by vegetable elements, " Izv. Atmos. Oceanic. Phys., 17, 1115-1117 (1981).
13. Miller, P.C.H., Walklate P.J. and Mawer, C.J., "A comparison of spray drift collection techniques, " Proc. of the Brighton Crop Protection Conference-Weeds, Brighton, UK, 669-676 (1989).
14. Herbst, A., "A Comparison Of Collectors For Airborne Drift, " ISO TC4/SC6/WG4 Internal report (1994).
15. Walklate, P.J., "Progress report of the AIR3 CT 93-1304 project. Advances on air-assisted spraying on the Mediterranean orchards (fruit, vine and citrus), " (1994).
16. Parkin, C.S and Young, P.R., "Measurements and computational fluid dynamic simulations of the capture of drops by spray drift samplers, " Asp. Appl. Biol., 57, 115-120 (2000).
17. Fox, R.D., Derksen, R.C., Zhu, H., Downer, R.A. and Brazee, R.D., "Airborne spray collection efficiency of nylon screen, " Appl. Eng. Agric., 20, 147-152 (2004).
18. Gil, Y., Sinfort, C. and Bonicelli, B., "Spray drift collection efficiency: Assessment of deposition on 2 mm diameter PVC line in a wind tunnel, " Abstracts of the 8th Workshop on Spray Application Techniques in Fruit Growing, Barcelona, Spain, 135-136 (2005).
19. Cooke, B.K. and Hislop, E.C., "Spray tracing techniques" in [Application Technology for Crop Protection], ed. G.A. Matthews and E.C. Hislop, CAB International, Wallingford, UK, 85-100 (1993).
20. Bor, G., "Kleurstoffen Voor Levensmiddelen Als Tracer Voor Depositie-Metingen Bij Spuitproeven: Een Oriënterend Onderzoek, " Interne Mededeling 183, DLO-Staring Centrum, Wageningen, The Netherlands [In Dutch], (1991).
21. Cross, J.V., Murray, R.A., Rodout, M.S. and Walklate, P.J., "Quantification of spray deposits and their variability in apple trees, " Aspects Appl. Biol., 17, 217-224 (1997). (Pubitemid 127019145)
22. Sharp, R.B., "The Detection of Spray Deposits Using Fluorescent Tracers, " Technical Memorandum 119, National Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Silsoe, UK, (1955).
23. Yakes, W.E. and Akesson, N.B., "Fluorescent tracers for quantitative microresidue analysis, " Trans. ASAE., 6, 104-107 (1963).
24. Bor, G., "Het gebruik van kleurstoffen bij depositie-metingen voor bestrijdingsmiddelen: fysisch-chemische en toxicologische eigenschappen, " Interne Mededeling 182, DLO-Staring Centrum, Wageningen, The Netherlands [In Dutch], (1991).
25. Holownicki, R., Doruchowski, G., Świechowski, W. and Godyń, A., "Spray coverage on apple leaves obtained by different nozzles, " Abstracts of the 8th Workshop on Spray Application Techniques in Fruit Growing, Barcelona, Spain, 65, 66 (2005).
26. Smelt, J.H., Smidt, R.A. and Huijsmans, J.F.M., "Comparison of spray deposition on apple leaves of captan and the dye brilliant sulfoflavine, " Proc. of the ANPP-BCPC 2nd Intnl. Symposium on Pesticides Application Techniques, Strasbourg, France, 191-197 (1993).
27. Byass, J.B., "Equipment and methods for orchard spray application research. III: The measurement of spray deposits on leaves using light from fluorochromes on the surface, " J. Agric. Eng. Res., 14, 78-88 (1969).
28. Ganzelmeier, H., Rautmann, D., Spangenberg, R., Streloke, M., Herrmann, M., Wenzelburger, H-J. and Walter, H-F., "Studies on the spray drift of plant protection products", Mitteilungen aus der Biologischen Bundesanstalt für Land-und Forstwirschaft, Berlin-Dahlem, Heft 305, (1995).
29. Solanelles, F., Fillat, A., Pifarré, C. and Planas, S., "A method of drift measurement for spray applications in tree crops, " EurAgEng Conference, Madrid, Spain, Paper No. 98-A-133, (1996).
30. Solanelles, F., Planas, S., Fillat, A. and Pifarré, C., "Effect of the volumetric air flow rate and sprayer speed on the reduction of spray drift losses in an apple orchard, " Abstracts of the 5th Workshop on Spraying Techniques in Fruit Growing, Skierniewice, Poland, (1997).
31. Solanelles, F., Fillat, A., Escolà, A. and Planas, S., "Effect of air injector nozzles on the spray distribution of a pear orchard, " Parasitica, 57, 61-68 (2001).
32. Planas, S., Solanelles, F., Fillat, A., Walklate, P., Miralles, A., Ade, G., Pezzi, F., Val, L. and Andersen, P.G., "Advances on air-assisted spraying on the Mediterranean orchards (fruit, vine and citrus)", EurAgEng Conference, Oslo, Norway, Paper No. 98-A-019, (1998).
33. Large, E.C., [The Advance of the Fungi], Henderson and Spalding, London, UK, (1940).
34. Planas, S. and Fillat, A., "Nuevas técnicas de aplicación de productos fitosanitarios en fruticultura", Eurofruit'88: Simposium Internacional de la Producción Frutícola, Lleida, Spain, 107-121 [In Spanish] (1988).
35. Fillat, A., Planas, S., Bosch, M., Pons, L. and Solanelles, F., "Measuring contamination (losses to the soil & drift) of pesticide application on fruit orchards", Proc. IV Intnl. Symposium on Fruit, Nut and Vegetable Production Engineering, Valencia, Spain, Vol. 1, 195-203 (1993).
36. Gil, E., [Metodología y Criterios para la Selección y Evaluación de Equipos de Aplicación de Fitosanitarios para la Viña], PhD Thesis, Universitat de Lleida, Spain [In Spanish], (2001).
37. Johnstone, D.R., "A twin tracer technique permitting the simultaneous evaluation of the field performance of two spraying machines or spraying techniques, " J. Agric. Eng. Res., 22, 439-443 (1977).
38. Hayden, J., Ayers, G., Grafius, E. and Hayden, N., "Two water-soluble optically resolvable dyes for comparing pesticide spray distribution, " J. Econ. Entomol., 83, 2411-2413 (1990).
39. Goering, C.E. and Butler, B.J., "Analysis of paired microresidues using filter fluorometry, " Weed Sci., 22, 512- 515 (1974).
40. Travis, J.W., Skroch, W.A. and Sutton, T.B., "Effects of travel speed, application volume and nozzle arrangement on deposition and distribution of pesticides in apple trees, " Plant. Dis., 71, 606-612 (1987).
41. Travis, J.W., Skroch, W.A. and Sutton, T.B., "Effects of canopy density on deposition and distribution of pesticides in apple trees, " Plant. Dis., 71, 613-615 (1987).
42. Murray, R.A., Cross, J.V. and Ridout, M.S., "The measurement of multiple spray deposits by sequential application of metal chelate tracers, " Ann. Appl. Biol., 137, 245-252 (2000). (Pubitemid 32386141)
43. Cross, J.V., Walklate, P.J., Murray, R.A. and Richardson, G.M., "Spray deposits and losses in different sized apple trees from an axial fan orchard sprayer: 1. Effects of spray liquid flow rate, " Crop. Prot., 20, 13-30 (2001). (Pubitemid 32100536)
44. Cross, J.V., Walklate, P.J., Murray, R.A. and Richardson, G.M., "Spray deposits and losses in different sized apple trees from an axial fan orchard sprayer: 2. Effects of spray quality, " Crop. Prot., 20, 333-343 (2001). (Pubitemid 32382801)
45. Cross, J.V., Walklate, P.J., Murray, R.A. and Richardson, G.M., "Spray deposits and losses in different sized apple trees from an axial fan orchard sprayer: 3. Effects of air volumetric flow rate, " Crop. Prot., 22, 381-394 (2003). (Pubitemid 36247115)
46. Solanelles, F., Escolà, A., Planas, S., Rosell, J.R., Camp, F. and Gràcia, F., "An electronic control system for pesticide application proportional to the canopy width of tree crops, " Biosystems Eng., 95, 473-481 (2006). (Pubitemid 44810896)
47. Gil, E., Escolà, A., Rosell, J.R., Planas, S. and Val, L., "Variable rate application of plant protection products in vineyard using ultrasonic sensors, " Crop. Prot., 26, 1287-1297 (2007). (Pubitemid 46957522)
48. Escolà, A., Camp, F., Solanelles, F., Llorens, J., Planas, S., Rosell, J.R., Gracia, F. and Gil, E., "Variable dose rate sprayer prototype for tree crops based on sensor measured canopy characteristics", Proc. VI ECPA-Eur Conf on Precision Agriculture, Skiathos, Greece, 563-571 (2007).
49. Measures, R.M., [Laser Remote Sensing: Fundamentals and Applications], Krieger Publishing Co, Malabar, FL, (1992).
50. Collis, R.T.H. and Rusell, P.B., "Lidar measurement of particles and gases by elastic backscattering and differential absorption" in [Laser Monitoring of the Atmosphere], ed. E.D. Hinkley, Springer-Verlag, New York, 71-151 (1976).
51. Kovalev, V.A. and Eichinger, W.E., [Elastic Lidar: Theory, Practice, And Analysis Methods], Wiley- Interscience, New Jersey, (2004).
52. Weitkamp C., [Lidar: Range-Resolved Optical Remote Sensing Of The Atmosphere], Springer, New York, (2005).
53. Collis, R.T.H., "Lidar observations of atmospheric motion in forest valleys, " Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 49, 918- 922 (1968).
54. Zalay, A.D., Bouse, L.F., Carlton, J.B., Crookshank, H.R., Eberle, W.R., Howle, R.E. and Shrider, K.R., "Measurement of airborne spray with a laser Droppler velocimeter, " Trans. ASAE, 23, 548-552 (1980).
55. Hoff, R.M., Mickle, R.E. and Froude, F.A., "A rapid acquisition lidar for aerial spray diagnostics, " Trans. ASAE, 32(5), 1523-1528 (1989). (Pubitemid 20634571)
56. Mickle, R.E., "Utilizing vortex behaviour to minimize drift, " J. Environ. Sci. Health B, 29, 621-645 (1994).
57. Mickle, R.E., "Influence of aircraft vortices on spray cloud behaviour, " J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc., 12(2), 372-379 (1996). (Pubitemid 126604490)
58. Stoughton, T.E., Miller, D.R., Yang, Y. and Ducharme, K.M., "A comparison of spray drift predictions to lidar data, " Agric. For. Meteorol., 88, 15-18 (1997).
59. Mickle, R.E., "Analysis of lidar studies conducted during aerial spray drift trials, " REMPSpC Report, Ayr, Ontario, Canada, (1999).
60. Miller, D.R. and Stoughton, T.E., "Response of spray drift from aerial applications at forest edge to atmospheric stability, " Agric. For. Meteorol., 100, 49-58 (2000). (Pubitemid 30112571)
61. Hiscox, A.L., Miller, D.R., Nappo, C.J. and Ross, J., "Dispersion of fine spray from aerial applications in stable atmospheric conditions, " Trans. ASABE, 49(5), 1513-1520 (2006). (Pubitemid 44953130)
62. Huddleston, E.W., Ledson, T.M., Ross, J.B., Sanderson, R., Miller, D.R., Steinke, W.E., Aylor, D.E. and Perry, S.G., "Development of a pesticide drift model for orchard air-blast spraying", Proc. of the Brighton Crop Protection Conference: Pests and Diseases, Brighton, UK, 1187-1192 (1996).
63. Miller, D.R., Salyani, M. and Hiscox, A.L., "Remote measurement of spray drift from orchard sprayers using lidar", ASAE Annual Intnl. Meeting, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA, Paper number 031093, (2003).
64. Tsai, M.Y., [The Washington Spray Drift Studies: Understanding the Broader Mechanisms of Pesticide Spray Drift], PhD Thesis, University of Washington, Seattle, USA, (2007).